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Biomedical subjects

James J Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to James J Zhang.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Importance of tobacco cessation services at higher education public institutions in Texas.

While rates of tobacco use on university campuses rose over the past decade, little is known about what institutions are doing to address this rising concern. Health center directors at public institutions of higher education across the state of Texas were surveyed (n = 42) regarding the perceived importance of smoking cessation, prevalence of interventions on their campuses, and perceived success of intervening efforts. While most health center directors regarded smoking cessation as important, over half of the directors indicated that their sites did not offer tobacco cessation services of any kind. Furthermore, of those offering smoking cessation, most believed that their smoking cessation programs were only somewhat or not at all effective. Findings revealed that there is a noticeable gap between perceived importance and actual implementation of smoking cessation programs within university-based health centers. Recommendations include implementing innovative cessation methods, such as those that are Web-based and highly accessible to students.

Adolescent↗

Physical activity among ethnically diverse college students.

The authors compared physical activity patterns among 874 Asian, 332 African, 1,101 White, and 529 Hispanic American college students aged 18 to 25 years. According to self-report responses, 46.7% of the sample did not engage in vigorous physical activity and 16.7% were physically inactive. Among women, ethnic-specific rates of physical inactivity were Asian, 28.1%; African, 23.5%; White, 17.4%; and Hispanic, 20.3%. For men, rates of inactivity were Asian 11.7%; African, 7.7%; White, 12.0%; and Hispanic, 13.8. Weight-training activity, youthful physical activity, and TV viewing accounted for a significant portion of the variance in physical activity levels (13.1% for women and 14.8% for men). The results of this study support the need for physical activity interventions for college students, particularly minorities.

Adolescent↗

Tobacco use and quit behaviors among delinquent youth: a pilot study.

With rates of adolescent tobacco use steadily increasing over the past 20 years, assisting youth to quit, particularly those youth most susceptible to tobacco use, has become a national focus. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine and profile the smoking patterns of a small sample (n = 37) of juvenile offenders in Texas. In contrast to anecdotal reports, the sample group from this study did not differ clinically from the general population of adolescent tobacco users. Importantly, the study participants indicated previous attempts to stop smoking. The authors conclude that delinquent youth may be responsive to cognitive behavioral smoking cessation programs that also address the management of peer networks.

Adolescent↗

Theory-based development and testing of an adolescent tobacco-use awareness program.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and disseminate an effective tobacco awareness and cessation program. METHODS: Self-report data from youth (n=1,601) and implementation data from site facilitators (n=16) provided the basis for the trial program evaluation. RESULTS: Approximately 146 total classes and 1,601 youth were served. Significantly (p<.01) more participants were in the action stage of change at the end of the program. At follow-up, 40% of the participants indicated they were tobacco free. CONCLUSION: The multiple iterative steps in program development were described. A theoretically based program, like the ATCP, is well worth exploring as a public health intervention.

Adolescent↗