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Biomedical subjects

James Neuberger

Publications and source records attributed to James Neuberger.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Differential expression of intestinal trefoil factor in biliary epithelial cells of primary biliary cirrhosis.

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) promotes epithelial cell migration and mucosal restitution during inflammation. We used real-time quantitative PCR, in situ nucleic acid hybridization, and immunohistochemistry to study the expression of the ITF gene and protein expression in the liver of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and controls. There were significantly higher levels of ITF messenger RNA (mRNA) in PBC liver compared with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) (P <.05) or normal controls (P <.001) and also higher in hepatitis C virus (HCV) liver (P <.05) and cryptogenic cirrhosis (P <.01) compared with normal controls. However, only in PBC was there a significant difference between small (interlobular and bile ductules) and large (intrahepatic and septal) bile ducts. Using in situ hybridization, the highest levels of ITF gene expression were localized to the large bile ducts in PBC. This differential expression of ITF was also noted at the protein level. Thus, in PBC, although 92% of large bile ducts expressed the ITF protein, only 2% of small bile ducts (P <.0001) expressed ITF. In contrast, in control livers, 34% of large bile ducts and 13% of small bile ducts expressed ITF. ITF protein is absent in small bile ducts in all stages of PBC. In conclusion, the expression of ITF may play an important role in bile duct damage. In small bile ducts, ITF production in response to damage is absent, making such cells vulnerable to damage and providing a thesis for the selective loss of small, but not large, bile ducts in PBC.

Biliary Tract↗
PubMed2002

Transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a good indication for liver transplantation, with 5- and 10-year survival rates approaching 75%. Determining the timing for transplantation remains difficult because progression to end-stage disease may be difficult to predict. After transplantation, the patients are at risk of recurrent AIH. This syndrome is not well-characterized and requires clearer definition. Introduction of corticosteroids is not always associated with arrest of disease. De novo AIH may also develop in the allograft. Although there is usually a good response to the reintroduction of corticosteroids or greater immunosuppression, some patients develop graft failure. Patients grafted for AIH tend to be at higher risk for both acute and chronic rejection. Withdrawal of immunosuppression is unlikely to be achieved.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Impact factors: uses and abuses.

Quantitative assessment of the scientific merit of journals and articles is being used increasingly to assess and compare researchers and institutions. The most commonly used measure is the 2 year Impact Factor, which broadly reflects the number of times each article in the journal has been cited over the previous 2 years. There are clear limitations to the use of such measures - not least, Impact Factors reflect the journal not the article, vary with time and correlate only poorly with perceived excellence. Simple comparison of impact factors in different specialties may be misleading. Review journals often have higher Impact Factors than those with original data. Both authors and editors can try to manipulate journal Impact Factors. However, despite valid concerns, Impact Factors are widely used and offer, at present, the best simple tool for comparison of output. Like all measures, the use of Impact Factors has to be tempered with knowledge of their limitations and common sense used in interpreting any data based on any analysis.

Bibliometrics↗