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James W Van Hook

Publications and source records attributed to James W Van Hook.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Detection of gestational diabetes mellitus by homeostatic indices of insulin sensitivity: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether homeostatic indices of insulin sensitivity might suitably screen for gestational diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred twenty-three pregnant women who were between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation completed a 3-hour 100-g oral glucose challenge test and fasting insulin level in a nested case-control study design. Insulin sensitivity indices were calculated and tested for their ability to detect gestational diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: Fasting glucose demonstrated the best overall accuracy, but the homeostasis model assessment and quick insulin sensitivity check index were also sensitive screening techniques for gestational diabetes mellitus when either the National Diabetes Data Group or Carpenter-Coustan criteria were used. CONCLUSION: Homeostasis model assessment, quick insulin sensitivity check index, and fasting glucose are sensitive screening tests for gestational diabetes mellitus and can avoid oral administration of glucose-containing solutions.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Getting the right cells to the array: Gene expression microarray analysis of cell mixtures and sorted cells.

BACKGROUND: Most biological samples are cell mixtures. Some basic questions are still unanswered about analyzing these heterogeneous samples using gene expression microarray technology (MAT). How meaningful is a cell mixture's overall gene expression profile (GEP)? Is it necessary to purify the cells of interest before microarray analysis, and how much purity is needed? How much does the purification itself distort the GEP, and how well can the GEP of a small cell subset be recovered? METHODS: Model cell mixtures with different cell ratios were analyzed by both spotted and Affymetrix MAT. GEP distortion during cell purification and GEPs of purified cells were studied. CD34+ cord blood cells were purified and analyzed by MAT. RESULTS: GEPs for mixed cell populations were found to mirror the cell ratios in the mixture. Over 75% pure samples were indistinguishable from pure cells by their overall GEP. Cell purification preserved the GEP. The GEPs of small cell subsets could be accurately recovered by cell sorting both from model cell mixtures and from cord blood. CONCLUSIONS: Purification of small cell subsets from a mixture prior to MAT is necessary for meaningful results. Even completely hidden GEPs of small cell subpopulations can be recovered by cell sorting.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed2002

Neonatal organ system injury in acute birth asphyxia sufficient to result in neonatal encephalopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the proportion of major organ system injury in cases of acute intrapartum asphyxia that result in neonatal encephalopathy. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was cross-referenced using medical record coding to identify diagnoses of acute intrapartum asphyxia, acute birth asphyxia, or neonatal encephalopathy over a 6-year period. An acute intrapartum asphyxial antecedent was validated with emphasis on excluding long-standing or chronic conditions where injury likely occurred before presentation. Injury pattern was evaluated using routinely available laboratory and imaging tests. RESULTS: Forty-six cases of acute peripartum asphyxia sufficient to result in the diagnosis of neonatal encephalopathy were identified. Clinical central nervous system injury resulting in encephalopathy was present in 100% of cases as it was an entry criteria; of these, 49% had electroencephalogram and 40% had imaging studies diagnostic of acute injury. Liver injury based on elevated aspartate transaminase or alanine transaminase levels occurred in 80%. Heart injury, as defined by pressor or volume support beyond 2 hours of life or elevated cardiac enzymes, occurred in 78%. Renal injury, defined by an elevation of serum creatinine to greater than 1.0 mg/dL, persistent hematuria, persistent proteinuria, or clinical oliguria, occurred in 72%. An elevation in nucleated red blood cell counts exceeding 26 per 100 white blood cells occurred in 41%. CONCLUSION: Using common diagnostic tests as markers of acute asphyxial injury, we noted that multiple organs suffer damage during an acute intrapartum asphyxial event sufficient to result in a neonatal encephalopathy.

Adult↗