Biomedical subjects

Jan-Sing Hsieh

Publications and source records attributed to Jan-Sing Hsieh.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of the correlation of plasma NO and ET-1 levels in rats with acute mesenteric ischemia.

Mesenteric ischemia is a devastating disease process that frequently challenges clinicians. To enhance the early diagnosis of gut ischemia and judgment of its severity, it may be helpful to detect the unusual existence or increase in biomarkers in the body fluid. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of plasma nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels to mesenteric ischemia using an animal model. Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) was produced experimentally by occlusion of the mesenteric vessels in the terminal ileum by the tenting of a thread. The determination of plasma NO and ET-1 levels were obtained before operation (T0, baseline value), and at 10 (T10), 20 (T20), 30 (T30), and 60 (T60) min after the creation of AMI. Sham-operated rats served as controls. After 30 min of experiments, the plasma NO and ET-1 levels were significantly higher in the AMI group than in the control group (both p < .01). Both the plasma NO and ET-1 levels in AMI group increased significantly after 30 min of ischemia (both p < .001 vs. respective baseline value), and they were 60% and 84% above the baseline value, respectively. In addition, ischemic intestinal injury was confirmed by the significantly elevated histological scores in the AMI group after 60 min of ischemia (p < .001). Our preliminary results suggest the possibility of important insights regarding NO and ET-1 changes into the mechanism of pathogenesis in AMI in rats. The increases in plasma NO and ET-1 levels may potentially be noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of this disease.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized controlled study of glycerol versus dextrose in postoperative hypocaloric peripheral parenteral nutrition.

The aim of this study was to use glycerol and dextrose in hypocaloric peripheral parenteral nutrition (HPNN) and investigate their effects on postoperative metabolic and nutritional responses. Thirty patients who had undergone major gastrointestinal surgery were examined in a prospective randomized study. The study period extended from the day before operation to postoperative day 7. Fifteen patients (intervention group) received 1.2 g amino acids, 1.2 g glycerol, and 0.5 g fat emulsion/kg/day (approximately 15 kcal/kg/day). The other 15 patients (control group) received 1.2 g amino acids, 1.5 g dextrose, and 0.5 g fat emulsion/kg/day (approximately 15 kcal/kg/day). After 7 days of study, both groups were found to have a decrease in body weight, mid-arm circumference, triceps skin fold, serum albumin, and transferrin and prealbumin levels, but an increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, the differences between them were not significant. Improvements in nitrogen balance were observed in the intervention group (p = .035). These data suggest that advantages favoring the administration of glycerol instead of dextrose in hypocaloric parenteral nutrition could hardly be found in our investigation, except that better nitrogen equilibrium is maintained. Nonetheless, the peripheral intravenously administered ProcalAmine with fat emulsion has been well tolerated and safe for these patients, as well as more convenient for clinical use.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of transforming growth factor-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA in the gastric mucosa of portal hypertensive rats.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: TGF-alpha (transforming growth factor-alpha) is a polypeptide that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor and may play a role in gastric epithelial proliferation as well as the repair of injured gastric mucosa. Our previous studies have demonstrated that gastric mucosa TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor were significantly increased in rats with portal hypertension using the immunohistochemical analysis. Thus, the present study aimed to confirm the effect of portal hypertension on the expression of gastric TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA and to localize gastric TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA production sites in rats. METHODOLOGY: Portal hypertension was induced experimentally by partial ligation of the portal vein in 12 male Wistar rats (PVL group), and in another group of 12 rats (control) that received sham operations. The severity of gastric mucosal lesions was evaluated macroscopically by a gross ulcer index. We simultaneously detected the expression of TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA in the gastric tissues of control and portal hypertensive rats by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The portal pressure and gross gastric mucosal damage differed significantly between the PVL group and the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The expression of TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA was significantly increased in portal hypertensive rats compared to the control using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (both p < 0.01). Additionally, in situ hybridization showed the TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA were more intense in the PVL group compared to the control. TGF-alpha mRNA was located primarily in the parietal cells of the gastric fundic glands and in the surface epithelial cells, whereas epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA was mainly in the mucous neck cells of the proliferative zone and some parietal cells. CONCLUSIONS: From these findings, we suggest that the enhanced TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor production may play an important role in the gastric mucosal regeneration of portal hypertensive rats through the increased mRNA expression.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study of pancreatectomy and pancreas-preserving gastrectomy in advanced gastric carcinomas.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In patients with advanced gastric carcinoma (tumor infiltrating beyond submucosal layer), distal pancreatectomy has been frequently performed simultaneously with gastrectomy for complete removal of the lymph nodes along the splenic artery. However, the possibility of a negative impact has also been reported. To evaluate the effects of distal pancreatectomy with gastrectomy for patients with advanced gastric cancer, we retrospectively analyzed 84 patients who had proximal- or middle-third advanced gastric cancer resected in an institution in Taiwan. METHODOLOGY: From 1988 to 1998, 46 patients who underwent gastrectomy with distal pancreatectomy (DP group) and 38 patients who had pancreas-preserving gastrectomy (PS group) for advanced gastric cancer were reviewed. The clinicopathological details and survival rates were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In terms of clinicopathological factors and operative mortality, there were no significantly statistical differences between the patients who did and did not undergo distal pancreatectomy. The cumulative 5-year survival rate for the DP group was 35.6%, whereas the 5-year survival rate for the PS group was 42.4% (P=0.6224). In contrast, the operative morbidity was significantly higher in patients who had distal pancreatectomy (P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Since distal pancreatectomy does not benefit patients with advanced gastric cancer, this procedure should not be regarded as routine in a radical resection.

Carcinoma↗