Biomedical subjects

Jason Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to Jason Sutherland.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Multi-list methods using incomplete lists in closed populations.

Multi-list methods have become a common application of capture-recapture methodology to estimate the size of human populations, and have been successfully applied to estimating prevalence of diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and drug abuse. A key assumption in multi-list methods is that individuals have a unique "tag" that allows them to be matched across all lists. This article develops multi-list methodology that relaxes the assumption of a single tag common to all lists. Estimates are found using estimating functions. An example illustrates its application for estimating the prevalence of diabetes, and a simulation study investigates conditions under which the methodology is robust to different list and population sizes.

Biometry↗

PubMed2003

Combining data sources to monitor the HIV epidemic in Canada.

This article describes the methods, results and future perspectives of four information sources used to monitor the HIV epidemic in Canada: AIDS case surveillance, HIV case surveillance, HIV sentinel serosurveillance, and behavioral surveillance. Synthesizing data from these multiple sources provides a more comprehensive picture of the HIV epidemic than any one source alone could provide. In Canada, there has been a shift over time from an epidemic dominated by men who have sex with men to one where more than half of new infections are attributed to other groups, such as injection drug users and non-injecting heterosexuals. The available evidence also suggests increasing HIV infections among Aboriginal persons and among women. Surveillance data have been used in Canada to guide prevention and care programs and to formulate policy. In particular, these data have been used to support the development of an HIV testing program in pregnancy, to re-direct community work toward injection drug users and the young, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of new treatments for HIV. The main challenge now is to continue to improve the monitoring of the shifting HIV epidemic with more accurate data and to use the resulting information to inform appropriate prevention and care responses.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗

PubMed2002

Performance, biochemical, and endocrine changes during a competitive football game.

PURPOSE: This study represents the first time that anaerobic power performance was examined during an actual intercollegiate American football game. In addition, biochemical and endocrine responses also were examined to assess the physiological stress imposed by this competitive contest. METHODS: Twenty-one members of a NCAA Division III football team were divided into two groups. Group one (ST) were starters (N = 11). The second group (RS) consisted of red-shirt players (N = 10). Blood samples were obtained 24 h (Pre1) and 2.5 h (Pre2) before the game and within 15 min of game conclusion (IP). Anaerobic power measures were recorded approximately 10 min before kickoff (pre) and following the first (Q1), second (Q2), third (Q3), and fourth (Q4) quarters. RESULTS: Peak force (PF) and power (PP) in both squat and countermovement jumps decreased (P < 0.05) from pre to Q2 in both ST and RS; however, all variables returned to baseline levels by Q4. When averaged across trials, PF and PP in both jumps were greater (P < 0.05) in ST than RS. No significant changes in testosterone concentrations with respect to time or between groups were seen. Cortisol concentrations were significantly higher for ST at IP than RS. No significant changes in creatine kinase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, or uric acid were observed in either group from Pre2 to IP. In addition, no between group differences were seen in these variables. Myoglobin and aspartate aminotransferase significantly increased from Pre2 to IP in ST, and a significant difference in myoglobin concentrations was seen between the groups at IP. CONCLUSIONS: Performance, biochemical, and endocrine changes in these NCAA Division III football players reflected the stress and muscle damage that occurs as a result of a competitive American football game.

Adult↗