Biomedical subjects

Jay C Erie

Publications and source records attributed to Jay C Erie.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Keratocyte density of central human cornea after laser in situ keratomileusis.

PURPOSE: To determine changes in keratocyte density in the first year after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). DESIGN: Prospective interventional cohort study. METHODS: Seventeen eyes of 11 patients received LASIK with a planned 180-microm flap to correct refractive errors between -2.0 diopters and -11.0 diopters. Images of the full-thickness cornea were obtained by using confocal microscopy in vivo before LASIK and at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LASIK. Bright objects (that resembled keratocytes) in images without motion blur were manually counted by one observer. Cell densities were determined in anterior and posterior halves of the stromal flap, anterior and posterior halves of the layer 100 microm-thick immediately deep to the ablation (retroablation layer), and in the posterior third of the stroma. The region of stroma that was ablated (as measured 1 month after LASIK) was omitted from the preoperative analysis. RESULTS: Keratocyte density in the anterior flap was 28,978 +/- 5849 cells/mm(3) (mean +/- SD) pre-LASIK, and was decreased at all postoperative examinations, but the difference was not significant until 12 months after LASIK (22% decrease). Keratocyte densities in the posterior flap were 20,397 +/- 4215 cells/mm(3) pre-LASIK and were decreased by 20%-40% at all postoperative examinations 1 week to 1 year after LASIK. Keratocyte densities in the anterior half of the retroablation layer were 16,605 +/- 3595 cells/mm(3) pre-LASIK and decreased by 16%-30% between 3 and 12 months after LASIK. Keratocyte densities in the posterior half of the retroablation layer and posterior stroma did not change. CONCLUSIONS: Keratocyte densities in the posterior flap and anterior retroablation layer (regions adjacent to the lamellar cut) decrease at 1 week and 3 months, respectively, after LASIK and remain decreased in these regions at 12 months after LASIK. In the anterior flap, keratocyte density decreases 1 year after LASIK. The long-term effects of these cellular deficits, if any, require further study.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Keratocyte density in keratoconus. A confocal microscopy study(a).

PURPOSE: To estimate keratocyte density in human corneas with keratoconus by confocal microscopy. DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort study. METHODS: Twenty-nine unscarred corneas of 19 patients with keratoconus and 29 corneas of 19 controls matched for age (+/-3 years) and contact lens wear were examined by using confocal microscopy. Images were recorded from the full-thickness central cornea. A masked observer manually counted bright objects (keratocyte nuclei) in images without motion blur. Cell densities in anteroposterior stromal layers of keratoconus corneas were compared with densities in corresponding layers of control corneas. RESULTS: In keratoconus patients, age 40 +/- 15 years (mean +/- standard deviation), keratocyte density was 19% lower in those who wore contact lenses (16,894 +/- 4032 cell/mm(3), n = 12) than in those who did not wear contact lenses (20,827 +/- 4934 cell/mm(3), n = 17, P =.03). In control patients, age 39 +/- 16 years, there was no difference in keratocyte density between those who wore contact lenses (n = 12) and those who did not wear contact lenses (n = 17, P =.80). Among contact lens wearers, keratocyte density was 25% lower in keratoconus corneas (16,894 +/- 4, 032 cell/mm(3), n = 12 [9 = rigid gas-permeable lenses, 3 = soft lenses]) than in control corneas (22,579 +/- 2, 387 cell/mm(3), n = 12 [3 = rigid gas-permeable lenses, 9 = soft lenses], P =.002), the result of cell density being lower in the most anterior keratocyte layer (P =.001) and the layers between 0% to 10% (P <.001), 67% to 90% (P <.001), and 91% to 100% (P <.001) of stromal thickness. Among noncontact lens wearers, there was no difference in cell density between keratoconus and controls (P =.41). CONCLUSION: Keratocyte density is decreased in the anterior and posterior stroma of keratoconus patients who wear contact lenses.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Effect of myopic laser in situ keratomileusis on epithelial and stromal thickness: a confocal microscopy study.

PURPOSE: To determine changes in central epithelial and stromal thickness in human corneas in vivo after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative trial. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen eyes of 12 patients received LASIK (performed using the VISX Star laser [VISX, Santa Ana, CA]) with a planned 180- micro m flap (created using an automated Hansatome microkeratome [Bausch & Lomb, Irvine, CA]) to correct refractive errors between -2.0 diopters (D) and -11.0 D. METHODS: Corneas were examined by using confocal microscopy in vivo before LASIK and at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LASIK. Epithelial thickness was the distance between images of the surface epithelium and subbasal nerve plexus or, when nerves were not visible, the subbasal peak (if present in the light intensity profile). Total flap thickness was the distance between images of the surface epithelium and interface debris (or peak), and total stromal thickness was the distance between images of the most anterior keratocytes and endothelium. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Corneal epithelial and stromal thickness. RESULTS: Epithelial thickness before LASIK was 46 +/- 5 micro m (mean +/- standard deviation) and increased 22% by 1 month after LASIK (56 +/- 5 micro m; P = 0.01). Thereafter, epithelial thickness did not change, but remained thicker at 12 months after LASIK (54 +/- 8 micro m) than before LASIK (P = 0.02). Total flap thickness at 1 month after LASIK was 160 +/-28 micro m and did not change thereafter. Changes in total stromal thickness between 1 and 12 months after LASIK were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The central corneal epithelium was thicker in the first year after LASIK than before LASIK. There was no change in central stromal thickness between 1 month and 12 months after LASIK.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Reinnervation in the cornea after LASIK.

PURPOSE: Nerve fibers in the cornea are disrupted by photorefractive procedures. In this study, the denervation and reinnervation of human central corneas were evaluated by sequential, quantitative measurements of nerves viewed by confocal microscopy in vivo during the first year after LASIK. METHODS: Seventeen eyes were studied of 11 patients who had undergone LASIK to correct myopia from -2.0 D to -11.0 D. Eyes were treated with an excimer laser with a planned 180- micro m flap. Central corneas were scanned throughout their full thicknesses by confocal microscopy before and at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LASIK. Nerve fiber bundles appeared as bright, well-defined, linear structures that were sometimes branched and usually appeared in several consecutive frames. The number of nerve fiber bundles per scan in two to eight scans per eye per visit was determined in the subbasal region, the full-thickness stroma, the stromal flap (layer between the most anterior keratocyte and the flap interface), and the stromal bed (layer between the flap interface and the endothelium). RESULTS: In the subbasal region, the number of nerve fiber bundles decreased by more than 90% 1 week after LASIK and was significantly lower at all times after surgery than it was before surgery (P < 0.001). It increased 6 and 12 months after LASIK, but remained less than half of the preoperative value. In the stromal flap, the number of nerves at all times after surgery was also significantly less than before surgery (P < 0.001) and did not increase significantly by 1 year. In the stromal bed, there were no significant differences among any of the nerve measurements before and after LASIK (P = 0.24). CONCLUSIONS: In the corneal flap, the number of subbasal and stromal nerve fiber bundles decreases by 90% immediately after LASIK. During the first year after LASIK, subbasal nerve fiber bundles gradually return, although by 1 year their number remains less than half of that before LASIK.

Adult↗