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Biomedical subjects

Jay Umbreit

Publications and source records attributed to Jay Umbreit.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Methemoglobin--it's not just blue: a concise review.

Hemoglobin has functions besides carrying oxygen to the tissues, and regulates vascular tone and inflammation via a redox couple with methemoglobin. Hemoglobin has iron in the reduced valance Fe(II) and methemoglobin has iron in the oxidized valance Fe (III), with a free energy capable of producing water from oxygen. In generating methemoglobin the couple functions as a nitrite reductase. The degree of oxidation of hemoglobin senses the oxygen level in the blood and uses its ability to produce nitric oxide from nitrite to control vascular tone, increasing blood flood when the proportion of oxygenated hemoglobin falls. Additional cardiovascular damage is produced by methemoglobin mediated oxidation of light density lipoproteins, accelerating arteriosclerosis. In addition, the release of heme from methemoglobin is an important factor in inflammation. These physiologic functions are paralleled by the well-described role in the oxidation of various drugs resulting in methemoglobinemia.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Iron deficiency: a concise review.

Iron deficiency is a major worldwide health problem. There is recent evidence that the anemia is only the last manifestation of the syndrome and that symptoms occur before the anemia is manifest. Advances in outlining the physiology of iron deficiency have been made, gaps remain in the current understanding. While oral iron supplement remains the mainstay, some indications for the intravenous administration have developed. This review will highlight the epidemiology, physiology, clinical presentation, and treatment options.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed2004

Inhibition of breast cancer metastasis by selective synthetic polypeptide against CXCR4.

Metastasis shares many similarities with leukocyte trafficking. Among those chemokine receptors thought to be involved in hemopoietic cell homing, stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) have received considerable attention. Like hemopoietic cell homing, levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1 are high at sites of breast cancer metastasis including lymph node, lung, liver, and the marrow. Moreover, CXCR4 expression is low in normal breast tissues and high in malignant tumors, suggesting that a blockade of CXCR4 might limit tumor metastasis. We therefore investigated the role of a synthetic antagonist 14-mer peptide (TN14003) in inhibiting metastasis in an animal model. Not only was TN14003 effective in limiting metastasis of breast cancer by inhibiting migration, but it may also prove useful as a diagnostic tool to identify CXCR4 receptor-positive tumor cells in culture and tumors in paraffin-embedded clinical samples.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Long-term survival of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection and Hodgkin's lymphoma.

When patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are found to have Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), it is generally advanced, with involvement of extranodal sites including bone marrow, spleen, and liver, and prognosis tends to be unfavorable. We present the case of a 38-year-old white man who had HIV and HL diagnosed in 1990. Despite presenting with stage IV HL, having recurrence of HL after initially attaining remission, and being hospitalized on several occasions for opportunistic infections, he ultimately achieved complete remission of HL and is alive 9 years after initial diagnosis. This case illustrates that although unusual, prolonged survival of an HIV-infected patient with HL associated with poor prognostic features is possible.

Adult↗