Biomedical subjects

Jean-Pierre Moreau

Publications and source records attributed to Jean-Pierre Moreau.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Low doses of dexamethasone decrease brain water content of collagenase-induced cerebral hematoma.

Different doses of dexamethasone were evaluated for the treatment of cerebral trauma using a rat model of cerebral hematoma induced by intracerebral (IC) stereotaxic injections of collagenase. Control animals received an intracerebral collagenase injection followed by intraperitoneal (IP) saline injection. Sham operated animals received saline only (IC, IP). Forty-eight hours following the surgeries, the brains were removed from the euthanized animals. Cerebral hemispheres were separated and the 4 coronal sections (antero-posterior plane) were weighed. Each slice was dried for 24 h (100 degrees C) and weighed again to establish brain water content. In hematoma-induced saline treated rats, significant differences in brain water content were observed when compared to sham operated animals. Rats treated with 1 mg/kg dexamethasone had a significant brain water content decrease; however, no significant differences were observed with higher doses of dexamethasone. In conclusion, low doses of dexamethasone seem to be beneficial for the treatment of cerebral trauma.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Metabolism and disposition of resveratrol in rats: extent of absorption, glucuronidation, and enterohepatic recirculation evidenced by a linked-rat model.

Pharmacokinetics of trans-resveratrol in its aglycone (RES(AGL)) and glucuronide (RES(GLU)) forms were studied following intravenous (15 mg/kg i.v.) and oral (50 mg/kg p.o.) administration of trans-resveratrol in a solution of beta-cyclodextrin to intact rats. In addition, the enterohepatic recirculation of RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) was assessed in a linked-rat model. Multiple plasma and urine samples were collected and concentrations of RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) were determined using an electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method. After i.v. administration, plasma concentrations of RES(AGL) declined with a rapid elimination half-life (T(1/2), 0.13 h), followed by sudden increases in plasma concentrations 4 to 8 h after drug administration. These plasma concentrations resulted in a significant prolongation of the terminal elimination half-life of RES(AGL) (T(1/2TER), 1.31 h). RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) also displayed sudden increases in plasma concentrations 4 to 8 h after oral administration, with T(1/2TER) of 1.48 and 1.58 h, respectively. RES(AGL) bioavailability was 38% and its exposure was approximately 46-fold lower than that of RES(GLU) (AUC(inf), 7.1 versus 324.7 micromol.h/l). Enterohepatic recirculation was confirmed in the linked-rat model since significant plasma concentrations of RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) were observed in bile-recipient rats at 4 to 8 h. The percentages of the exposures of RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) that were due to enterohepatic recirculation were 24.7 and 24.0%, respectively. The fraction of drug excreted in the urine over a period of 12 h was negligible. These results confirm that RES(AGL) is bioavailable and undergoes extensive first-pass glucuronidation, and that enterohepatic recirculation contributes significantly to the exposure of RES(AGL) and RES(GLU) in rats.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Butorphanol decreases edema following carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and possible drug interactions of butorphanol by using carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats. We injected the right hind footpads of 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats (approximate weight, 100 g) with 50 microL of a 0.5% solution of carrageenan. Indomethacin (0, 1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to each of four groups 1 h prior to carrageenan injections. Half of the animals in each group received butorphanol (2 mg/kg) subcutaneously 1 h prior to carrageenan injections. Butorphanol decreased paw inflammation following carrageenan injections with or without concurrent administration of indomethacin. No drug interaction with indomethacin was observed. In conclusion, when using butorphanol for its analgesic properties, investigators should be mindful of the drug's anti-inflammatory effects, which may interfere with the experimentation.

Analgesics, Opioid↗