Biomedical subjects

Jeanne S Chow

Publications and source records attributed to Jeanne S Chow.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Applying the ALARA concept to the evaluation of vesicoureteric reflux.

The voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a widely used study to define lower urinary tract anatomy and to diagnose vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children. We examine the technical advances in the VCUG and other examinations for reflux that have reduced radiation exposure of children, and we give recommendations for the use of imaging studies in four groups of children: (1) children with urinary tract infection, (2) siblings of patients with VUR, (3) infants with antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH), and (4) children with a solitary functioning kidney. By performing examinations with little to no radiation, carefully selecting only the children who need imaging studies and judiciously timing follow-up examinations, we can reduce the radiation exposure of children being studied for reflux.

Body Burden↗

PubMed2006

Solid extratesticular masses in children: radiographic and pathologic correlation.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the sonographic and pathologic appearances of the most common solid and complex extratesticular masses in children. CONCLUSION: Solid or complex extratesticular masses, especially those that are rapidly growing and are painless, raise concerns regarding malignant rhabdomyosarcoma. Mimickers of rhabdomyosarcoma include inflammatory processes such as pseudotumor, chronic epididymitis, or meconium periorchitis. Because sonography cannot distinguish benign from malignant, worrisome extratesticular masses should be biopsied or removed.

Biopsy↗

PubMed2005

The clinical significance of an empty renal fossa on prenatal sonography.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the significance of an empty renal fossa on prenatal sonography. METHODS: A hospital database was reviewed retrospectively to find all fetuses with an empty renal fossa diagnosed on prenatal sonography between 1989 and 2003. For each case, prenatal and postnatal data were recorded. RESULTS: Ninety-three fetuses had an empty renal fossa: 49 on the left, 41 on the right, and 3 unspecified. Forty-four fetuses were male and 29 were female. For 20, the sex was not recorded. The average gestational age at diagnosis was 29.5 weeks. Final diagnoses were made on the basis of prenatal and postnatal imaging. The missing kidney was ectopic in 39 cases (42%): 34 in the pelvis, 4 fused to the contralateral kidney, and 1 in the thorax due to a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The absent kidney was never located in 44 cases (47%) and presumed to be congenitally absent. Ten kidneys (11%) originally thought absent were normally located, 7 of which were dysplastic, 2 normal, and 1 infiltrated by a tumor. In 39 patients (42%), other anomalies were identified, sometimes involving multiple systems, most commonly genitourinary (29) and cardiovascular (13). Of the 77 cases with the number of umbilical cord vessels recorded, 68 (88%) were normal and 9 (12%) had only 2 vessels. CONCLUSIONS: If a kidney is not found in the renal fossa, most are either ectopic (42%) or congenitally absent (47%). An empty renal fossa is often (42%) associated with other congenital anomalies.

Female↗