PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Jeanne-Marie Guise

Publications and source records attributed to Jeanne-Marie Guise.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The benefits and risks of inducing labour in patients with prior caesarean delivery: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risks and benefits of inducing labour in women with a prior caesarean delivery. DESIGN: Systematic review. SAMPLE: Pregnant women with prior caesarean delivery. METHODS: Studies were identified using MEDLINE, EMBASE, HealthSTAR, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, reference lists and experts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All studies reporting data for outcomes in women with induced labours and prior caesarean were eligible. Methodologic quality was evaluated using the criteria of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. We assigned studies good, fair or poor rating. RESULTS: We reviewed 162 full text articles, identified 14 fair-quality studies, and found no good-quality studies. Compared with spontaneous labour, induction was more likely to result in caesarean delivery. Of women undergoing spontaneous labour, 20% had a caesarean (range 11-35%) compared with 32% receiving oxytocin (range 18-44%). In studies of PGE2, spontaneous labour resulted in caesarean delivery in 24% (range 18-51%) compared with 48% with PGE2 (range 28-51%). There was a non-significant increase in uterine ruptures among those induced compared with spontaneous labours. There were no maternal deaths; other maternal complications were infrequently reported. Only four studies reported on infant deaths; other infant outcomes were inadequately reported. CONCLUSION: Women with a history of caesarean attempting trial of labour who require induction have a higher rate of caesarean delivery and have a slightly elevated risk of rupture compared with similar women with spontaneous labour. More consideration is needed for potential confounders: dose, reasons for induction and appropriate comparison groups.

Cesarean Section, Repeat↗
PubMed2005

Review of case-control studies related to breastfeeding and reduced risk of childhood leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the evidence for the effect of breastfeeding on the risk of developing childhood leukemia. REVIEW METHODS: We sought studies providing data regarding the association of breastfeeding and occurrence of childhood leukemia. Studies were identified by using Medline, HHS Blueprint for Action on Breastfeeding, US Department of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, National Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, reference lists, and national experts. Methodologic quality was evaluated for each study by using criteria from the US Preventive Services Task Force and the National Health Service Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. RESULTS: We reviewed 111 citations to identify 32 potentially eligible full-text articles. Of the 10 studies reviewed, only 4 were sufficient to provide at least fair-quality evidence regarding the association between maternal breastfeeding and childhood leukemia. Studies conflicted regarding the protective effect of breastfeeding on childhood leukemia. In the 2 largest and highest quality studies, breastfeeding was associated with a significant risk reduction in one study with longer breastfeeding duration, reflecting greater protection, and a nonsignificant but suggestive difference in the other. Taken together, half of the studies associated breastfeeding with a lower risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS: There are few high-quality studies that examine the potential for a protective effect of breastfeeding for childhood leukemia. Furthermore, the few studies that exist disagree regarding the association. It is estimated that the United States spends 1.4 billion dollars annually on the treatment of childhood leukemia. Patients, clinicians, and policy makers do not have the data that they need to make decisions regarding this important potential preventive measure.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2004

Evidence-based vaginal birth after Caesarean section.

Caesarean section rates are rising globally. Whether vaginal birth after Caesarean (VBAC) is safe and under what circumstances is increasingly important. This chapter reviews the literature about the risks of VBAC, patient and management factors that may alter risk, and discusses ongoing research as well as suggestions for improving future research.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed2004

Systematic review of the incidence and consequences of uterine rupture in women with previous caesarean section.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence and consequences of uterine rupture in women who have had a delivery by caesarean section. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Medline, HealthSTAR, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, National Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, reference lists, and national experts. Studies in all languages were eligible if published in full. REVIEW METHODS: Methodological quality was evaluated for each study by using criteria from the United States Preventive Services Task Force and the National Health Service Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Uterine rupture was categorised as asymptomatic or symptomatic. RESULTS: We reviewed 568 full text articles to identify 71 potentially eligible studies, 21 of which were rated at least fair in quality. Compared with elective repeat caesarean delivery, trial of labour increased the risk of uterine rupture by 2.7 (95% confidence interval 0.73 to 4.73) per 1000 cases. No maternal deaths were related to rupture. For women attempting vaginal delivery, the additional risk of perinatal death from rupture of a uterine scar was 1.4 (0 to 9.8) per 10,000 and the additional risk of hysterectomy was 3.4 (0 to 12.6) per 10 000. The rates of asymptomatic uterine rupture in trial of labour and elective repeat caesarean did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Although the literature on uterine rupture is imprecise and inconsistent, existing studies indicate that 370 (213 to 1370) elective caesarean deliveries would need to be performed to prevent one symptomatic uterine rupture.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed2004

Predicting vaginal birth after cesarean delivery: a review of prognostic factors and screening tools.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to identify the factors associated with vaginal delivery after trial of labor in patients with a prior cesarean and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing screening tools. STUDY DESIGN: Studies were identified through MEDLINE and HealthSTAR (1980-2002), reference list reviews, and suggestions of national experts. RESULTS: Thirteen of the 100 eligible studies provided fair to good quality evidence for the predictive nature of 12 factors. Two of the six screening tools were considered promising and demonstrated reproducibility through validation studies. CONCLUSIONS: There is little high-quality data to guide clinical decisions regarding which women are likely to have a successful trial of labor. Although we identified two validated screening tools that may be reasonable for practitioners to use, further development is needed to deliver them in a user-friendly manner and further research is needed to determine the clinical setting in which they are most useful. Conducting high-quality research on the factors that delineate women who are at higher likelihood of vaginal delivery without complications and developing accurate user-friendly screening tools to integrate these data should be a national research priority.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2004

Safety of vaginal birth after cesarean: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the benefits and harms of vaginal birth after cesarean compared with repeat cesarean delivery. DATA SOURCES: The computerized databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, HealthSTAR, Cochrane CENTRAL, and National Centre for Reviews and Dissemination Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, along with reference lists and national experts, were used to conduct this review. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: All studies that reported data for maternal or infant outcomes in women with prior cesarean delivery were eligible. Methodological quality was evaluated for each study with the criteria of the United States Preventive Services Task Force and the National Health Service Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Twenty of 6,828 potentially relevant articles (55,506 patients) were included in the analysis. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Two authors independently abstracted information on study design, sample size, participant characteristics, and maternal and fetal health outcomes by using a standardized protocol. Rates of vaginal delivery in women undergoing a trial of labor ranged from 60% to 82%. There was no significant difference in maternal deaths or hysterectomy between trial of labor and repeat cesarean. Uterine rupture was more common in the trial-of-labor group, but rates of asymptomatic uterine dehiscence did not differ. Studies conflicted on the effect of induction of labor on these outcomes. Data regarding infant outcomes were poor. CONCLUSION: Safety in childbirth for women with prior cesarean is a major public health concern. Methodological deficiencies in the literature evaluating the relative safety of vaginal birth after cesarean compared with repeat cesarean delivery are striking. The identification of high-risk and low-risk groups of women and settings for morbidity remains a key research priority.

Cesarean Section, Repeat↗
PubMed2004

Physicians' responses to patient-requested cesarean delivery.

BACKGROUND: The issue about whether a woman's autonomy in childbirth should include the choice of cesarean delivery in the absence of medical indications has become a major source of debate. Our objective was to examine factors that determined physicians' responses to patient-requested cesarean delivery. METHODS: Surveys were distributed to all obstetrician-gynecologists in the greater Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area in Spring, 2000. Physicians were asked to respond to scenarios involving a term patient with a singleton pregnancy requesting primary cesarean delivery. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy of 255 physicians (67%) responded, of whom 68 to 98 percent agreed to cesarean delivery in cases with clear medical indications. Without a clear medical indication, most practitioners would not perform a cesarean delivery. In cases where medical indications were unclear, responses were divided. Physician male gender and patient high socioeconomic status were associated with increased likelihood of physician agreement to patient-requested cesarean delivery. Age, years in practice, and practice type were not associated with agreement. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians are reluctant to agree to patient request for primary cesarean delivery without a clear medical indication. Male physicians were more likely to agree to a patient's request for cesarean delivery than female physicians.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Childbirth preferences after cesarean birth: a review of the evidence.

BACKGROUND: Conflicting evidence on maternal and fetal safety of vaginal and cesarean childbirth after a previous cesarean makes patients and practitioners uncertain about pursuing a trial of labor or an elective repeat cesarean delivery. This review systematically evaluated and summarized the evidence related to women's preference for delivery. METHODS: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Registry of Controlled Trials and the MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched from 1980 to August 2002. We reviewed controlled trials, case-control studies, and observational studies that contained original patient data on preference for women with a previous cesarean delivery and that were of "good" or "fair" quality. RESULTS: Women with a previous vaginal delivery were more likely to select trial of labor than women who did not have one. The most commonly cited reason for selecting trial of labor was ease of recovery and desire to return quickly to caring for other children (reported in 6 of 7 studies). Safety for the mother and/or infant was cited as an important reason for delivery choice in 4 of 11 studies. Important ethnic differences were reported. Nonwhite women were more likely to identify their provider as an important influence (39% vs 19%), and perceived labor as something to be avoided if another option resulted in a healthy baby compared with white women, who perceived labor as a challenge and an experience not to be missed. CONCLUSIONS: A woman's choice for delivery was often based on family obligations, such as the need for a shorter recovery so that she could care for her infant and children at home, rather than the safety of herself or her infant. It remains unclear if education on vaginal birth after cesarean increases the proportion of women who choose trial of labor. Future studies should evaluate the impact of education and timing of education on patient preference.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Frequency and predictors for postpartum fecal incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe the frequency of postpartum fecal incontinence and to examine associated delivery events in a group of women participating in a validation study of a postpartum fecal incontinence survey. STUDY DESIGN: A self-administered survey of fecal incontinence symptoms and delivery events was administered to 50 women seen for their 6-week postpartum appointments. An analysis of association between postpartum fecal incontinence and individual delivery characteristics was performed. RESULTS: The frequency of at least one fecal incontinence symptom post partum was 38%. Specifically, 24% of women reported incontinence to flatus and 10% incontinence to stool. Vaginal delivery and perineal laceration were associated with an increased risk of reporting at least one symptom. Neither infant birth weight nor parity was associated with an increased risk of postpartum fecal incontinence. Cesarean delivery was associated with a lower frequency of overall fecal incontinence symptoms. CONCLUSION: The frequency of postpartum fecal incontinence was higher than previously reported. Similar to other studies, perineal laceration, especially extension into the anal sphincter, was an important risk factor for postpartum fecal incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship of health care delivery system characteristics and legal factors to mode of delivery in women with prior cesarean section: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of health care delivery system characteristics and legal factors to mode of delivery in women with prior cesarean section. METHODS: We identified relevant studies by searching MEDLINE and HealthSTAR (1980 to May 2002), reference lists of pertinent articles, and recommendations of local and national experts. We also searched the online Cochrane systematic reviews and controlled trials registries, Database of Abstracts and Reviews on Effectiveness, and EMBASE databases. RESULTS: Studies of guidelines suggested that opinion leaders influence provider behavior regarding repeat cesarean delivery versus trial of labor decisions. Studies of hospital and insurance characteristics provided inconsistent results. There was insufficient evidence to evaluate the relationship between provider characteristics and delivery outcomes. Legislation and liability-related factors effected limited change. CONCLUSION: Studies of health care system characteristics and other factors focused primarily on rates of delivery modes (vaginal birth after cesarean or repeat cesarean delivery) rather than patient safety or health outcomes. Future studies must account for case mix, time trends, and other potential confounders, especially concerning associations of provider characteristics.

Cesarean Section, Repeat↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Do you speak SBAR?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effectiveness of primary care-based interventions to promote breastfeeding: systematic evidence review and meta-analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force.

PURPOSE: We wanted to systematically review whether primary care-based interventions improve initiation and duration of breastfeeding. METHODS: Studies were found by searching MEDLINE (1966-2001), Health-STAR, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the National Health Service Centre for Reviews and Dissemination Databases, and bibliographies of identified trials and review articles. Studies were included if they originated in the primary care setting and were conducted in a developed country, written in English, and contained a concurrent control group. RESULTS: Thirty randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and 5 systematic reviews of breastfeeding counseling were included. Educational programs had the greatest effect of any single intervention on both initiation (difference 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.34) and short-term duration (difference 0.39; 95% CI, 0.27-0.50). Support programs conducted by telephone, in person, or both increased short-term (difference 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03-0.19) and long-term duration (difference 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02-0.16). In contrast, written materials such as pamphlets did not significantly increase breastfeeding. Data were insufficient to determine whether the combination of education with support was more effective than education alone. CONCLUSIONS: Educational programs were the most effective single intervention. One woman would breast-feed for up to 3 months for every 3 to 5 women attending breastfeeding educational programs. Future research and policy should focus on translating these findings into more widespread practice in diverse primary care settings.

Advisory Committees↗