Biomedical subjects

Jeffrey Boyle

Publications and source records attributed to Jeffrey Boyle.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Impaired spatial cognition and synaptic potentiation in a murine model of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 encephalitis.

Injection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) into the basal ganglia of severe combined immunodeficient mice recapitulates histopathologic features of HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE). Here, we show that the neural damage in HIVE mice extends beyond the basal ganglia and is associated with cognitive impairment. Morris water maze tests showed impaired spatial learning 8 d after MDM injection. Moreover, impaired synaptic potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 subregion was demonstrated at 8 and 15 d. By day 15, post-tetanic, short-term, and long-term potentiation were reduced by 14.1, 29.5, and 45.3% in HIVE mice compared with sham-injected or control animals. Neurofilament (NF) and synaptophysin (SP) antigens were decreased significantly in the CA2 hippocampal subregion of HIVE mice with limited neuronal apoptosis. By day 15, the CA2 region of HIVE mice expressed 3.8- and 2.6-fold less NF and SP than shams. These findings support the notion that HIV-1-infected and immune-competent brain macrophages can cause neuronal damage at distant anatomic sites. Importantly, the findings demonstrate the value of the model in exploring the physiological basis and therapeutic potential for HIV-1-associated dementia.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗

PubMed1998

Joint position sense in the recurrently sprained ankle.

Functional instability of the ankle joint following an acute sprain has been well documented. The present study measured joint position sense of the ankle in subjects who had sustained recurrent ankle sprains but no sprain for at least three months prior to testing, and compared them with uninjured subjects. The testing device, a pedal goniometer, attempted to replicate the most common position of ankle injury (plantarflexion/inversion). Joint position sense was assessed using active and passive methods for reproducing predetermined positions in ankle inversion in plantarflexion. In both groups, passive judgment of joint position was more accurate than active judgment. Significant differences were recorded with the recurrently sprained ankle demonstrating greater errors in joint position sense for all passive testing positions.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

Self evaluation and functional testing two to four years post ACL reconstruction.

This study examined subjective perceptions of knee status and performance in single limb functional tests following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The Tegner activity scale, modified Noyes and an analogue scale were administered to 20 subjects. Performance outcome in the 6m and 12m timed hop, cross-over hop and stairs hopple tests were described using the limb index. In general, subjects experienced minimal limitations during daily activities and a slight reduction in their present activity level. Poorer performance was noted in the operated limb in all functional tests. Subjective data gathered from the questionnaire compared favourably with functional outcome. Interpretation of subjective outcomes in relation to functional testing results potentially enhances the accuracy of post-operative knee evaluation.

Journal Article↗