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Biomedical subjects

Jeffrey Jutai

Publications and source records attributed to Jeffrey Jutai.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Identification of aphasia post stroke: a review of screening assessment tools.

INTRODUCTION: Aphasia is one of the most common consequences of stroke. Early identification, diagnosis and treatment of language deficits are important steps in maximizing rehabilitation gains. A routine screening test is an invaluable tool in the identification and appropriate referral of patients with potential communication problems. The present study presents an evaluation of the measurement properties of screening tools for aphasia found within the stroke research literature. METHODS: Screening tools were identified following searches of the published research literature in stroke. Instruments were reviewed on the basis of reliability, validity, classification sensitivity and practical utility. RESULTS: Six aphasia screening tools were identified. For most tools, information pertaining to measurement properties and clinical utility was limited. CONCLUSIONS: The Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (FAST) appears to be the most widely used and thoroughly evaluated tool found within the stroke research literature. Further evaluation of the measurement properties and clinical utility of screening tools is recommended.

Aphasia↗
PubMed2006

Impact of early vs delayed admission to rehabilitation on functional outcomes in persons with stroke.

OBJECTIVE: Delayed admission to rehabilitation may result in poorer outcomes by reducing exposure to therapeutic interventions at a time when the brain is primed for neurological recovery. The present study examined the effects of early vs delayed admission on functional outcome and length of stay in patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit for first-ever unilateral stroke. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: Differences in length of rehabilitation stay and functional outcome variables among 435 patients, grouped by interval from stroke event to rehabilitation admission (=30 days vs 31-150 days and 5 additional subgroups) were examined using a multivariate technique. RESULTS: Admission and discharge FIM scores, FIM change and FIM efficiency were significantly higher among early admission patients (p<0.01), while length of stay was significantly longer among delayed admission patients (p<0.01). A significant association was identified between age and admission (p<0.01) and discharge FIM (p<0.01) scores as well as FIM change scores (p=0.017). Subgroup analyses revealed significant differences in FIM scores, FIM change and length of stay between groups of patients admitted 0-15 and 16-30 days (p<0.01) and between patients admitted 16-30 days and 31-60 days post-stroke (p<0.01). No significant differences were noted between patients admitted from 31-60 and 61-90 or 61-90 and 91-150 days. CONCLUSION: Patients admitted to stroke rehabilitation within 30 days of first-ever, unilateral stroke experienced greater functional gains and shorter lengths of stay than those whose admission to rehabilitation was delayed beyond 30 days.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Evidence-based practice and setting basic standards for stroke rehabilitation in Canada.

It is a concern that the consistency of care in stroke rehabilitation appears to vary significantly among practice settings within Canada. Based upon an evidence-based review of stroke rehabilitation, a group of physiatrists from across Canada agreed to some basic standards for stroke rehabilitation. The following standards were deemed to be critical to providing effective stroke rehabilitation care: early assessment and quick access to specialized interdisciplinary rehabilitation, appropriate intensity of therapies, availability of outpatient therapy, appropriate community supports, and careful attention to secondary prevention of stroke. Providing stroke rehabilitation care consistently within these standards remains a challenge, particularly given the potential initial costs, despite significant improvements in patient outcomes and quality of life. Nevertheless, these standards should be the expectation of stroke patients, essentially forming a stroke rehabilitation "bill of rights."

Canada↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of the validity of the prosthetic upper extremity functional index for children.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of the Prosthetic Upper Extremity Functional Index (PUFI), a parent- and older child-report measure that evaluates the extent of Prosthetic limb use, ease of task performance with and without the prosthesis, and its usefulness. DESIGN: Evaluation of discriminant validity (the PUFI's ability to detect differences between children), construct validity (between the parent-report PUFI and University of New Brunswick Test of Prosthetic Function [UNB Test]), and criterion validity (comparison of parent-report PUFI responses with an assessor's scores of a child's performance of PUFI activities). SETTING: Four pediatric amputee clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-eight children, ages 3 to 18 years, with unilateral upper-extremity amputation and a prosthesis. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The PUFI and the UNB Test. RESULTS: The PUFI differentiated between children in high and low UNB Test score categories, and between younger and older children's functional abilities. The extent of correlation between PUFI ratings and UNB skill of performance scores was moderate for "ease of performance" and "usefulness of prosthesis" categories (r>.47, P<.05). The level of agreement between parent report and observational assessment of PUFI skills was acceptable (weighted kappa range,.44-.65). CONCLUSIONS: The PUFI showed acceptable validity and showed promise in identifying prosthetic skill and use in children of different ages and abilities.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2003

The predictability of retention and discontinuation of contact lenses.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this research was to investigate the possibility of predicting the retention or discontinuation of contact lenses on the basis of their effect on the quality of life of the wearer. While most studies of discontinuation of assistive technology devices have focused on other than psychosocial causes of discontinuation, there is reason to believe that a major cause is the psychosocial effect of the device on the user. METHODS: Participants were 418 adult volunteers who had been fitted with contact lenses. One hundred eighty of the participants had discontinued wearing their lenses, while 238 were still wearing their lenses. The participants were asked to complete a recently developed questionnaire, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scales (PIADS), which measures the psychosocial impact of assistive devices, and is used also to predict retention and discontinuation of other assistive devices. RESULTS: Overall correct prediction of the 418 respondents was 68.9%. The PIADS was better at predicting discontinuation than retention among males, while the reverse was true for females. CONCLUSIONS: The PIADS was shown to be a valid instrument to predict retention and discontinuation of contact lenses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS): translation and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a Canadian-French version.

This article reports on the Canadian-French translation of the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS), a 26-item questionnaire that measures the quality of life (QoL) impacts of using assistive technologies from the person with disability's point of view. Following standard procedures, the study included forward and backward translations, committee reviewing, pre-testing with bilingual lay people, and psychometric evaluation of the translated questionnaire with subjects with mobility impairment (n = 83) and visual impairment (n = 37). The use of translators translating in their mother tongue and the participation of one author of the questionnaire contributed to the quality of the translation. We found that words that had equivalence in English and French did not necessarily cover the same areas of meaning. The subscales (n = 3) and total scale of the French PIADS achieved good test-retest stability (ICC of 0.77-0.90) and internal consistency (0.75-0.94). Concurrent validity with the source PIADS also produced acceptable coefficients (0.77-0.83). At the item level, non-significant t test (p > 0.10) results supported the premise that the scores were not different across languages, except for two items. The results are robust enough to recommend the use of the Canadian-French questionnaire for the investigation of the QoL impacts of assistive technologies for persons with disability.

Activities of Daily Living↗