PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Jens Kjølseth Møller

Publications and source records attributed to Jens Kjølseth Møller.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Mycoplasma genitalium: prevalence and behavioural risk factors in the general population.

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma genitalium has been shown to cause urethritis in men and cervicitis in women and may also be a causative agent in female infertility. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of urogenital M genitalium infection and identify sexual behavioural risk factors in the general population. METHODS: Participating individuals were 731 men and 921 women aged 21-23 years and not seeking the healthcare system because of symptoms. They answered questionnaires on sexual behaviour and provided samples for M genitalium testing. RESULTS: In women aged 21-23 years, the prevalence of infection was 2.3% (21/921) and in men of the same age it was 1.1% (8/731). For both sexes, an increasing number of partners was associated with a greater chance of being infected. Among women a shorter duration of a steady relationship and having a partner with symptoms was associated with being infected, and for men younger age at first intercourse was associated with M genitalium infection. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the prevalence of infection in the general population is too low for population-based screening. However, the development of test algorithms based on behavioural risk factors is a promising alternative.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Trends in the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections and hospital use of antibiotics in the Aarhus county].

INTRODUCTION: Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections and the use of antibiotics in hospitals in Aarhus County, Denmark, and to compare these results with those of previous prevalence studies from 1994 and 1999. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients from departments with seven-day beds were included in a prevalence study that took place in September 2003. An infection control team visited each department on a particular day. Based on patients' notes and cardex, patients with hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and community-acquired infections (CAIs) were registered. Data on antibiotic use and microbiological findings were also noted. RESULTS: Among the 1,510 patients included in the study, the overall prevalence of hospital-acquired infections was 10%. The distribution of the most frequent HAIs was urinary tract infection (34%), postoperative wound infection (19%), pneumonia (12%) and septicaemia (9%), respectively. A total of 456 patients (30%) received antibiotics on the prevalence day. The antibiotics were given as prophylaxis to 64 (14%) of these patients. Penicillins were the most frequently used drugs, accounting for 42% of all prescriptions. CONCLUSION: Compared to a previous prevalence study in 1999, a non-significant increase was seen in the prevalence of HAIs. However, the proportion of patients treated with antibiotics increased significantly from 1994 to 2003 in general and in particular with regard to the use of quinolones and cephalosporins.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Candidemia in the hospitals in the Aarhus County, Denmark, 1993-2002].

INTRODUCTION: During recent years a rise in the occurrence of candidaemia has been reported in the USA as well as in Europe, and especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of candidaemia and related Candida infections in the hospitals of Aarhus County, Denmark, from 1993 to 2002, and to assess possible causal factors, among these the consumption of antimicrobial agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material included blood cultures carried out at the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), during the study period, plus Candida-positive cultures from other normally sterile sites from patients with candidaemia. Microbiological findings were compiled from our laboratory information system, MADS. Information regarding the use of antimicrobial agents in the hospitals of Aarhus County was obtained from the University Hospital pharmacy and the Danish Medicines Agency Web site. RESULTS: During the study period the fraction of positive blood cultures was constant, while the fraction of positive cultures yielding Candida species increased from 1.8% to 3.4%, with an especially marked increase among patients in AUH. An increase in the proportion of Candida non-albicans species compared to C. albicans was noted, and it was also noted that the consumption of antimicrobial agents had risen markedly during the period. DISCUSSION: The present study adds to the assumption of a causal relationship between candidaemia and the use of antimicrobials and foreign bodies.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2006

Clonal spread of Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to oxacillin in a dermatological hospital unit.

In November 2000, we became aware of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus with borderline resistance to oxacillin (BORSA) from patients in the Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital. The objective was to describe the isolates phenotypically and genotypically and to assess possible transmission routes in order to intervene and prevent further spread. Clonality of the isolates was confirmed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Several breaches in infection control procedures were revealed suggesting both direct and indirect transmission between patients. Defective skin barriers, high carrier rates of S. aureus in dermatological patients and high consumption rates of dicloxacillin in the department might facilitate transmission. Following improvement of the general infection control measures, and after reassessment of the antibiotic policy in the department, the outbreak has disappeared.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Enterococcal infections. Clinical findings and treatment considering antibiotic resistance in Denmark].

Enterococcus has become a more frequent cause of serious infections over the last 10-15 years. The infections are primarily nosocomial, owing to compromised immunity in the patients and excessive use of antibiotics in the hospitals. The rise is marked in the USA, where the enterococci furthermore tend to become multiresistant. Abroad, many enterococci have developed resistance to all available antibiotics, and their spread is now controllable only by strict hygienic precautions. No increase in enterococcal infections has been noted in Denmark, and very few clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci have been found. Because of the worldwide relevance, we present a review of enterococcal infections with the focus on endocarditis and bacteraemia. However, we would emphasise that the classic combination of a penicillin and an aminoglycoside still provides adequate treatment of enterococcal infections in Denmark.

Ampicillin Resistance↗
PubMed2002

Diagnosis of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infections by home-obtained, mailed samples: do we need a telephone hotline for information and advice?

This study evaluates the use of dedicated telephone hotlines to provide advice to young individuals who were offered the chance to be tested for Chlamydia trachomatis by means of home-obtained samples that were mailed directly to a testing laboratory. In a school-based screening study, a population-based screening study and a partner-tracing study we established hotlines and registered the calls. The target groups for the 3 studies comprised 8,909, 9,000 and 4,622 individuals and 0.1% (8/8,909), 0.7% (66/9,000) and 2.7% (124/4,622) of the populations, respectively took the opportunity to call anonymously to receive advice. The number of calls per opening hour of the hotlines varied between 0.2 (8 calls/40 opening hours) and 0.4 (124 calls/300 opening hours). Major reasons for calling the hotlines included requests for more information about chlamydial infections, questions relating to the study and emotional concerns (e.g. problems relating to partner tracing, adultery or anxiety concerning infertility). Although only a small fraction of the target populations used the hotlines we conclude that there is a need for advice and counseling in connection with strategies involving home-obtained samples for C. trachomatis testing. The optimal setting for this, however, remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites have a high risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, but the prognostic impact of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has not been well examined. METHODOLOGY: Patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites were included at the time of their first paracentesis during hospitalization in the Department of Hepatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, between September 1992 and September 2000. Cox regression was used to estimate the mortality of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (ascites leukocyte count > or = 250 per mm3) relative to controls without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Furthermore, we used Cox regression to estimate the change in mortality when controls developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during follow-up. RESULTS: Of 286 patients, 76 (27%) had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis at the first paracentesis. The mortality ratio of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis relative to controls was 1.0 (95% confidence interval 0.7-1.5) after adjustment for age, gender, comorbidity, and alcohol abuse. Of the 210 controls, 42 (20%) were found to have spontaneous bacterial peritonitis at a later paracentesis. Their mortality rate more than doubled with the onset of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis at the first paracentesis did not affect the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis, whereas development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during follow-up doubled the mortality risk. This may be due to a longer diagnostic delay in those who developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during follow-up.

Adolescent↗