Biomedical subjects

Jeri A Logemann

Publications and source records attributed to Jeri A Logemann.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Effects of repeated wet and dry swallows in healthy adult females.

Understanding changes that may occur in the swallow with repetitive use in healthy individuals is a prerequisite to evaluate and treat persons with compromised swallowing. To determine any systematic effect of use on swallow function, we attempted to tax the swallow mechanism in a rigorous sequence of dry and liquid swallow conditions. Oropharyngeal temporal measures were assessed videofluoroscopically for 12 healthy females aged 20-29 during 42 wet and 5 dry swallows. No significant effects were found for any temporal measures over a series of 21 l-mL and 21 cup swallows plus 5 dry swallows, indicating swallow efficiency and safety do not appear to decline over 47 swallows in this young adult population. Additionally, no significant effects were found over the dry swallows or when 1-mL liquid swallows were compared with the dry, indicating dry swallows do not demonstrate significant change over a 5-swallow series due to reduced available saliva. Ability of subjects to perform consecutive dry swallows varied greatly. Results of this study provide normative data regarding multiple, consecutive, wet and dry swallowing in a healthy female population.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

A retrospective analysis of the pharyngeal swallow in patients with a clinical diagnosis of GERD compared with normal controls: a pilot study.

In gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), there is a reverse flow of gastric contents up through the esophagus and potentially into the pharynx. Some patients who have GERD have reported difficulty in oropharyngeal swallowing. This study was designed to determine whether differences in the pharyngeal swallow exist in a sample of subjects diagnosed with GERD as compared with normal controls and to identify those events that may be different from normal. Functional measurements and timing data were taken from videofluorographic studies of 9 patients with GERD and 9 age and gender-matched controls. Several subjects with GERD spontaneously utilized compensatory maneuvers despite clinically normal swallows. Results show significant differences in some swallow temporal measures between the two groups. Implications of the effects of reflux are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Oropharyngeal swallow in younger and older women: videofluoroscopic analysis.

Much of the initial research on normal swallowing has been conducted in young men. Recently, there has been increasing interest in determining whether there are differences between the sexes in swallowing function and in the effects of aging on swallowing in both sexes. This investigation examined the swallowing ability of 8 healthy young women between the ages of 21 and 29 and 8 healthy older women between the ages of 80 and 93 during two swallows each of 1 ml and 10 ml liquid boluses. Videofluoroscopic studies of these swallows were reviewed in slow motion and real time to confirm the absence of swallowing disorders. Kinematic analysis of each swallow was completed. Data on range of motion of pharyngeal structures and coordination characteristics of the oropharyngeal swallow were taken from this kinematic analysis. Position of the larynx at rest and length of neck were compared between the two groups. Data from this study were compared with previously published data on younger and older men. Interestingly, the range of motion of the older women was often greater than that of the young women. Only tongue base movement diminished significantly with age in women. Volume effects observed in duration and extent of movement during the 1 ml and 10 ml swallows were similar to those in earlier studies. Older women also exhibited an increased range of motion relative to the old men. This increase may indicate a compensation for aging effects not seen in older men.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Oropharyngeal deglutition in stable COPD.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine deglutition in stable patients with COPD and lung hyperinflation. DESIGN: Twenty consecutive, eligible COPD patients with an FEV(1) < or = 65% of predicted and a total lung capacity > or = 120% of predicted were enrolled prospectively. INTERVENTION: Patients received a detailed videofluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing and were compared to 20 age-matched and sex-matched historical control subjects. SETTING: An outpatient pulmonary clinic at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The mean total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and residual volume for the patients were 128% of predicted, 168% of predicted, and 218% of predicted, respectively. The mean FEV(1) was 39% of predicted. There was no evidence of tracheal aspiration in either group. The laryngeal position at rest measured relative to the cervical vertebrae was not different between groups. The maximal laryngeal elevation during swallowing was significantly lower in patients with COPD (p < 0.001). Patients with COPD exhibited more frequent use of spontaneous protective swallowing maneuvers such as longer duration of airway closure and earlier laryngeal closure relative to the cricopharyngeal opening than did control subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hyperinflated patients with COPD have an altered swallowing physiology. We suspect that the protective alterations in swallowing physiology (swallow maneuvers) may reduce the risk of aspiration. However, these swallowing maneuvers may not be useful during an exacerbation and may require further research.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical trials: CSDRG overview.

UNLABELLED: Recent importance placed upon efficacy research has spawned the development of the Communication Sciences and Disorders Clinical Trials Research Group (CSDRG). This group, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), was organized by the American Speech Language and Hearing Association to address the need for more treatment efficacy research in the domains of evaluation and treatment of communication disorders. This paper outlines the functions of the CSDRG and answers commonly asked questions pertaining to efficacy research. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Readers will: (1) understand how the CSDRG functions within our profession; (2) understand the process through which trials are designed by the CSDRG.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of voluntary maneuvers on tongue base function for swallowing.

Concurrent manometry and videofluoroscopy were utilized to examine tongue base function during swallowing in 3 patients with head and neck cancer. Subjects were instructed in four voluntary swallow maneuvers, including the supersupraglottic swallow, effortful swallow, Mendelsohn maneuver, and tongue-hold maneuver. Peak catheter pressures (mm Hg) at the tongue base-pharyngeal wall level were recorded and duration of tongue base to pharyngeal wall contact was measured for each swallow. This pilot study revealed that tongue base-pharyngeal wall pressures and contact duration increased with use of maneuvers. Preliminary data are provided to support the use of swallow maneuvers to improve tongue base posterior motion and pressures generated at the tongue base-pharyngeal wall level during swallowing in patients who exhibit this disorder.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of two types of tongue strengthening exercises in young normals.

This pilot study examines the effects of two types of tongue strengthening exercises on tongue function measures of strength and endurance in a group of 31 healthy young subjects. Subjects underwent baseline and 1 month post-baseline assessments of tongue function and were randomized to one of three groups, including: (1) no exercise; (2) exercise group receiving standard tongue strength exercises using a tongue depressor, and (3) exercise group receiving tongue strengthening exercises using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. Results revealed a significantly greater change in maximum tongue strength in the group that received any treatment compared with the group receiving no treatment (p = 0.04). Results provide support for the theory that tongue strengthening exercises improve tongue strength in healthy young subjects.

Adult↗