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Biomedical subjects

Jie Tang

Publications and source records attributed to Jie Tang.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Correlation between hypoechoic nodules on ultrasonography and benign hyperplasia in the prostatic outer gland.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to study the correlation between hypoechoic nodules detected on ultrasonography and benign hyperplasia in the prostatic outer gland (POG) diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsies. METHODS: The TRUS-guided biopsies were performed on 472 patients suspected of having prostate cancer. Specimens obtained by biopsies were independently assessed by pathologists at 3 hospitals. RESULTS: The histologic results of 310 patients (65.68%) were benign. Focal hypoechoic nodules located in the POG were found in 240 patients (50.8%) on TRUS scans. Among them, in 22 patients (9.17% of the 240 patients with hypoechoic nodules), benign hyperplasia was found in focal hypoechoic nodules located in the POG. Focal nodules were seen as well circumscribed with an ovoid shape and smooth surface in 18 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Benign hyperplasia may sometimes originate in the POG and may appear as a hypoechoic nodule, similar to the appearance of prostate cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Quantitative morphometry of hyperplastic hypoechoic nodules in the prostatic outer gland].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the morphotic characteristics of hypoechoic nodules in the outer gland of the prostate with benign METHODS: Twenty-two hyperplastic hypoechoic nodules in the prostatic outer gland were biopsied guided by prostatic hyperplasia. transrectal ultrasound. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry combined with computer assisted quantitative image analyses were adopted to examine the mean percentages of the area densities of stroma, epithelium, glandular lumen and smooth muscle cells. RESULTS: The area densities of stroma, epithelium, glandular lumen and smooth muscle cells were (72.52 +/- 13.14)%, (20.57 +/- 9.01)%, (6.85 +/- 4.51)% and (24.14 +/- 6.31)%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Hyperplastic hypoechoic nodules may develop in the outer gland as well as in the inner gland of the prostate, but the mean percentages of the components are different between the two kinds of nodules.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Expressions of telomerase reverse transcriptase and vascular endothelial growth factor and their correlation in prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TRT) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their correlation in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: TRT and VEGF expressions were assayed in 30 cases of PCa and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by means of immunohistochemistry (SP) combined with computer assisted image analysis. RESULTS: The expression of TRT was detected in 19 of the 30 cases of PCa and 5 of 30 cases of BPH, and that of VEGF in 23 of the 30 PCa and 14 of the 30 BPH patients. TRT and VEGF expressions were significantly higher in cancer tissues than in BPH (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between TRT and VEGF expressions (r = 0.8333, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of TRT or VEGF might be a malignant phenotype in PCa. The expression of TRT is significantly correlated with that of VEGF, but the mechanisms are yet to be further studied.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Antiviral effect of Folium Isatidis on herpes simplex virus type I].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antiviral effect of different chemical fractions isolated from Folium Isatidis on herpes simplex virus type I (HSV- I). METHOD: Anti- HSV- I effects of Folium Isatidis were investigated in Hep-2 cell by adopting MTT colorimetric assay and observing cytopathic effect (CPE). Treatment index (TI) was used to evaluate the antiviral activity of different chemical fractions from Folium Isatidis. The antiviral mechanism of Folium Isatidis was investigated by changing the different ways of drug administration. RESULT: The fractions II approximately V from Folium Isatidis inactivate HSV- I directly. None of the chemical fractions had antiviral effects of adsorption-blocking. The chemical fractions except fraction III and fraction V inhibited the biological synthesis of HSV- I. The fraction IV significantly reduce death rate of mice infected with HSV- I. CONCLUSION: The fraction IV from Folium Isatidis has powerful anti-HSV-lI effect in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Dissecting and designing inhibitor selectivity determinants at the S1 site using an artificial Ala190 protease (Ala190 uPA).

A site-directed mutant of the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), was produced to assess the contribution of the Ser190 side-chain to the affinity and selectivity of lead uPA inhibitors in the absence of other differences present in comparisons of natural proteases. Crystallography and enzymology involving WT and Ala190 uPA were used to calculate free energy binding contributions of hydrogen bonds involving the Ser190 hydroxyl group (O(gamma)(Ser190)) responsible for the remarkable selectivity of 6-halo-5-amidinoindole and 6-halo-5-amidinobenzimidazole inhibitors toward uPA and against natural Ala190 protease anti-targets. Crystal structures of uPA complexes of novel, active site-directed arylguanidine and 2-aminobenzimidazole inhibitors of WT uPA, together with associated K(i) values for WT and Ala190 uPA, also indicate a significant role of Ser190 in the binding of these classes of uPA inhibitors. Structures and associated K(i) values for a lead inhibitor (CA-11) bound to uPA and to five other proteases, as well as for other leads bound to multiple proteases, help reveal the features responsible for the potency (K(i)=11nM) and selectivity of the remarkably small inhibitor, CA-11. The 6-fluoro-5-amidinobenzimidzole, CA-11, is more than 1000-fold selective against natural Ala190 protease anti-targets, and more than 100-fold selective against other Ser190 anti-targets.

Alanine↗
PubMed2004

Kinetics and comparative reactivity of human class I and class IIb histone deacetylases.

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes modulate gene expression through the deacetylation of acetylated lysine residues on histone proteins. They operate in biological systems as part of multiprotein corepressor complexes. To understand the reactivity of isolated HDACs and the contribution of cofactor binding to reactivity, the reaction kinetics of isolated, recombinant human HDACs 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, and 10 were measured using a novel, continuous protease-coupled enzyme assay. Values of k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m) and the pH dependence of these values were determined for the reactions of each isozyme with acetyl-Gly-Ala-(N(epsilon)-acetyl-Lys)-AMC. Values of k(cat) spanned the range of 0.006-2.8 s(-1), and k(cat)/K(m) values ranged from 60 to 110000 M(-1) s(-1). The pH profiles for both k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m) were bell-shaped for all of the HDAC isozymes, with pH optima at approximately pH 8. Values of K(i) for the inhibitor trichostatin A were determined for each isozyme. The inhibition constants were generally similar for all HDAC isozymes, except that the value for HDAC8 was significantly higher than that for the other isozymes. The reaction of HDAC8 with an alternative substrate was performed to assess the steric requirements of the HDAC8 active site, and the effect of phosphorylation on HDAC1 activity was examined. The results are discussed in terms of the biological roles of the HDAC enzymes and the proposed reaction mechanism of acetyllysine hydrolysis by these enzymes.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed2004

Secondary cytoreductive surgery for patients with relapsed epithelial ovarian carcinoma: who benefits?

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to address patient selection criteria and the role of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCR) in patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) who had relapsed tumors after a progression-free interval > or = 3 months. METHODS: One hundred seventeen patients with relapsed EOC after a clinical complete remission duration > or = 3 months who underwent SCR were entered on this prospective trial. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical comparisons were performed using log-rank tests, logistic stepwise regression analyses, and a Cox stepwise regression model. RESULTS: The median patient age at the time of relapse was 53 years (range, 20-78 years). The median survival was 22 months and the estimated 5-year survival rate for the entire cohort was 17.2%. Tumor was confined to a solitary site in 33 patients and to > or = 2 sites in 84 patients. After they underwent SCR, 11 patients were rendered macroscopically disease free, 61 patients had residual disease that measured < or = 1 cm in greatest dimension, and 45 patients had bulky intraabdominal residual disease. Survival was influenced by the extent of relapse disease (solitary site vs. multiple sites; P < 0.0001), the size of residual disease after SCR (0 cm vs. < or = 1 cm [P = 0.1211], < or = 1 cm vs. > 1 cm [P = 0.0002], and 0 cm vs. > 1 cm [P = 0.0011]), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (0 vs. 1 [P = 0.134], 1 vs. 2 [P = 0.007], and 0 vs. 2 [P = 0.0012]), and the number of cycles of salvage chemotherapy (1-2 cycles vs. 3-5 cycles [P = 0.0144]; 1-2 cycles vs. > or = 6 cycles [P < 0.0001]; and 3-5 cycles vs. > or = 6 cycles [P = 0.0009]). The outcome of SCR was influenced by the extent of relapse disease (multiple sites [51.2%] vs. solitary sites [87.9%]; relative risk [RR] = 9.1237; P = 0.0002) and by the use of bowel resection (yes [60.9%] vs. no [37.5%]; RR = 0.3828; P = 0.0106). CONCLUSIONS: SCR was found to be safe for patients with relapsed EOC who achieved a clinical complete remission that lasted > or = 3 months, with resectability similar to that of primary debulking surgery. Optimal surgical outcomes were achieved easily in patients who apparently had solitary tumor sites, with bowel resection making it possible to remove bulky tumors that involved the intestine. A survival benefit was provided by optimal SCR, particularly when surgery was supported by multiple courses of salvage chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Structural snapshots of human HDAC8 provide insights into the class I histone deacetylases.

Modulation of the acetylation state of histones plays a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysines near the N termini of histones. This reaction promotes the condensation of chromatin, leading to repression of transcription. HDAC deregulation has been linked to several types of cancer, suggesting a potential use for HDAC inhibitors in oncology. Here we describe the first crystal structures of a human HDAC: the structures of human HDAC8 complexed with four structurally diverse hydroxamate inhibitors. This work sheds light on the catalytic mechanism of the HDACs, and on differences in substrate specificity across the HDAC family. The structure also suggests how phosphorylation of Ser39 affects HDAC8 activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

The long-term nutrient accumulation with respect to anthropogenic impacts in the sediments from two freshwater marshes (Xianghai Wetlands, Northeast China).

Sediment cores, representing a range of watershed characteristics and anthropogenic impacts, were collected from two freshwater marshes at the Xianghai wetlands (Ramsar site no. 548) in order to trace the historical variation of nutrient accumulation. Cores were (210)Pb- and (137)Cs-dated, and these data were used to calculate sedimentation rates and sediment accumulation rates. Ranges of dry mass accumulation rates and sedimentation rates were 0.27-0.96 g m(-2)yr(-1) and 0.27-0.90 cm yr(-1), respectively. The effect of human activities on increased sediment accumulation rates was observed. Nutrients (TOC, N, P, and S) in sediment were analyzed and nutrient concentration and accumulation were compared in two marshes with different hydrologic regime: an "open" marsh (E-0) and a partly "closed" marsh (F-0). Differences in physical and chemical characteristics between sediments of "open" and partly "closed" marsh were also observed. The "open" marsh sequestered much higher amounts of TOC (1.82%), N (981.1 mg kg(-1)), P (212.17 mg kg(-1)), and S (759.32 mg kg(-1)) than partly "closed" marsh (TOC: 0.32%, N: 415.35 mg kg(-1), P: 139.64 mg kg(-1), and S: 624.45 mg kg(-1)), and the "open" marsh indicated a rather large historical variability of TOC, N, P, and S inputs from alluvial deposits. Nutrient inputs (2.16-251.80 g TOC m(-2) yr(-1), 0.43-20.12 g N m(-2) yr(-1), 0.39-3.03 g P m(-2) yr(-1), 1.60-15.13 g S m(-2) yr(-1)) into the Xianghai wetlands of China are in the high range compared with reported nutrient accumulation rates for freshwater marshes in USA. The vertical variation, particularly for N, P, and S indicated the input history of the nutrients of the Xianghai wetlands developed in three periods--before 1950s, 1950-1980s, and after 1980s. The ratios between anthropogenic and natural inputs showed that the relative anthropogenic inputs of TOC, N, P, and S have been severalfold (TOC: 1.68-11.21, N: 0.47-3.67, P: 0.24-1.36, and S: 1.46-2.96) greater than values of their natural inputs after 1980s. The result is probably attributable, in part, to two decades of surface coal mining activities, urban sewage, and agriculture runoff within the upstream region of the Huolin River. Our findings suggest that the degree of anthropogenic disturbance within the surrounding watershed regulates wetland sediment, TOC, N, P, and S accumulation.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2004

Geochemical environment and health problems in China.

China is a very large developing country covering vast territories and having a complex natural environment. It has an enormous population and numerous endemic diseases. The total population of China is 14 x 10(8) of which 3 x 10(3) live in endemic disease-affected areas and 0.48 x 10(3) suffer from these diseases. The distribution of the endemic diseases has obvious geographical characteristics. Among the most harmful and widely distributed of the endemic diseases are Kaschin-Beck disease, Keshan disease, iodine deficiency, endemic fluorosis and hepatic carcinoma. The geographical environments have a close relationship to endemic diseases and are influenced by climate, geology, landform, soil, food and drinking water. Drinking water is the key issue, since polluted water, or water lacking in or having an excess of certain minerals and elements, as well as water containing certain organic components, has been shown to be harmful to human health. Research has shown that some diseases can be reduced or eliminated by paying attention to the way drinking water is obtained, as well as by improving the nutritional values of the food by eliminating negative components. Fifty years of research has already gone into this subject and there is still much research to be done. This paper puts forth a model of health problems related to geographical environment and the importance of continued research in this field.

China↗
PubMed2004

[Sentinel lymph nodes detection in patients with cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in patients with cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy. METHODS: Twenty patients with cervical cancer at stage Ib (n = 3), stage IIa (n = 12) and stage IIb (n = 5) underwent SLNs detection by using blue dye. Four ml of methylene blue or lymphazurin was injected into the cervix at 4 points around the tumor at the time of radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Tumor characteristics, surgical findings, and specific locations of lymphatic dye uptake were recorded and correlated with final pathology results. RESULTS: Among 20 patients underwent this detection, dye uptake was seen in 18 patients. Total number of SLNs were 33. Eighteen SLNs identified located in right pelvic and 15 SLNs located in left. The SLNs were successfully detected in 78% patients (14/18). Six patients (33%) were diagnosed with lymph node metastases and there were 5 patients with positive nodes in the group of SLN. Two patients had both positive SLNs and pelvic lymph nodes. Three patients had positive SLNs only. The predictive rate was 100% and the false-negative rate was zero. CONCLUSION: SLN detection undergoing radical hysterectomy is feasible and safe, however, the detection rate of SLN needs improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[A cross-sectional study on nonionizing radiation to male fertility].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between microwave radiation and male reproductivity. METHODS: After filling out questionnaire and body check, we carried out molecular epidemiological studies, using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and sperm automatic analysis among people working on radar. RESULTS: Quality of semen and semi-clinical injury of sperm among the people working on radar had changed when radar electromagnetic wave frequency distance, intensity, lasting time and protection shield were changing. Dose-response relationship was noticed and the increase of sperm dysmorphia played a principal role. The results between exposed group and control group showed significant difference (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: People working on radar who suffered from non-ionization for long time and had bad radar shield protection would show semi-clinical injury on sperm and bad semen quality. However, it did not affect the male reproductive function. It was necessary to reinforce the protection of non-ionization and to improve male reproductive health care of people working on radar.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Multidisciplinary treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma and prognostic analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate individualized and multi-phase management of recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma in order to improve survival of the patients. METHODS: From 1998 to 2002, 70 patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma were enrolled in the present study. The treatments were divided into: (1) Induction of tumor remission: platinum sensitive patients were treated with paclitaxol + cisplatin (TP) or carboplatin + cyclophosphamide (CP) regimen; platinum resistant patients used Taxol + mitomycin (TM) or etoposide + mitomycin (VM) regimen. Resection of tumors was done in an attempt to reduce the residual tumor with a diameter less than 1 cm. Local radiotherapy was performed for those with residual tumor and who achieved clinical response after chemotherapy or surgery. (2) Consolidation therapy: chemotherapy with lower doses was administrated after disease remission. Interferon was used as immunotherapy during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Survival analysis was done. RESULTS: (1) The 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-year survival rates were 67%, 51%, 45%, 38%, 32%. Median survival was 38.57 months. (3) The 1, 2, 3-year progression-free survival rates of the research arm were 41%, 37%, 24%. Median progression-free survival was 12.00 months. (4) Multivariate analysis revealed that platinum-free interval (P < 0.05), Karnofsky performance scale (P < 0.01), residual disease (P < 0.01) and courses of second-line chemotherapy (P < 0.05) were independent prognostic factors. Residual disease (P < 0.05) and courses of second-line chemotherapy (P < 0.01) contributed to progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Individualized and multi-phase treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma is efficacious. Optimal second cytoreduction and second-line chemotherapy are beneficial to improve the survival.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[The changes of histology and biochemical parameters in retina of the patient with diabetic retinopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To observe and estimate the distribution the changes of histology and biochemical parameters in retina of the patient with diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: Retinas were divided into quadrants and the lesions of diabetic retinopathy were compared among quadrants. the vasculature was isolated by trypsin-digest, homogenates taken from temporal and nasal quadrant were used to explore regional differences in the expression of Glut-1, PKCbeta and activity of caspase1. RESULTS: Microaneurysms, acellular capillaries and pericytes ghosts were significantly increased in the temporal retina than in the nasal retina. Activity of the pro-inflammatory protease, caspase1, was the only biochemical abnormality which was found significantly difference between quadrants. Glut-1 expression was decreased in diabetes, but there was no significant difference between quadrants. Expression of PKCbeta in both temporal and nasal retina was tended to be greater in diabetic than in non diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: Retinal microvascular disease does not develop uniformly across the retina, even the different regions are exposed to the same level of hyperglycemia. Regional differences play an important role in the response of the retinal microvasculature to hyperglycemia.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Design and chemical synthesis of a homogeneous polymer-modified erythropoiesis protein.

We report the design and total chemical synthesis of "synthetic erythropoiesis protein" (SEP), a 51-kilodalton protein-polymer construct consisting of a 166-amino-acid polypeptide chain and two covalently attached, branched, and monodisperse polymer moieties that are negatively charged. The ability to control the chemistry allowed us to synthesize a macromolecule of precisely defined covalent structure. SEP was homogeneous as shown by high-resolution analytical techniques, with a mass of 50,825 +/-10 daltons by electrospray mass spectrometry, and with a pI of 5.0. In cell and animal assays for erythropoiesis, SEP displayed potent biological activity and had significantly prolonged duration of action in vivo. These chemical methods are a powerful tool in the rational design of protein constructs with potential therapeutic applications.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Correlation between prostate cancer grade and vascularity on color doppler imaging: preliminary findings.

PURPOSE: We examined the relationship between the amount of prostate cancer-associated vascularity as seen on color Doppler imaging and the tumor grade. METHODS: Transrectal color Doppler imaging of the prostate was performed in 54 patients with prostate cancer. Color flow signal/total pixel ratios (SPRs) of selected images were calculated using the ratio of the number of pixels showing color Doppler signals to the total number of pixels within the lesion. All the patients underwent prostate biopsy guided by transrectal sonography. Gleason scores were determined from the biopsy specimens. RESULTS: Color Doppler signals were demonstrated in the lesions of 91% (49/54) of the patients. The mean SPRs of prostate cancers 3 cm or smaller and larger than 3 cm were 0.15 +/- 0.07 and 0.11 +/- 0.04 (+/- standard deviation), respectively (p < 0.05). The mean SPRs of well- (Gleason score of 2-4), moderately (Gleason 5-7), and poorly (Gleason 8-10) differentiated prostate cancers were 0.08 +/- 0.03, 0.12 +/- 0.06, and 0.17 +/- 0.11, respectively (r = 0.45; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The refinement of color Doppler equipment has improved the detection of color Doppler signals associated with prostate cancer. Our study shows a correlation between prostate cancer-associated vascularity as shown on color Doppler imaging and the tumor grade.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2003

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 and the risk of unfavorable outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: The APOE-E4 allele has been identified as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and unfavorable outcomes after brain injuries. The purpose of this study was to confirm that APOE allele polymorphism also represents a risk factor for unfavorable outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS: A total of 104 patients with aneurysmal SAH were studied. Computed tomography (CT) scan findings of SAH were assessed by Fisher's grade and clinical neurologic assessment was performed using the Hunt and Hess (H&H)grading system. Serum lipids were also analyzed. Outcomes at 3 months after SAH were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Scale. RESULTS: The distributions of APOE genotypes and alleles of patients were matched with those of control subjects. That 5 of 18 patients with APOE-E4 allele (28%) had an unfavorable outcome was significantly different from those without APOE-E4 (8%, chi2, p = 0.032; OR = 4.34, 95% CI 1.20-15.75). However, the presence or absence of E2 or E3 alleles had no significant difference. The relative hazard of APOE-E4 for unfavorable outcome exited after adjustment for clinical assessment (OR = 6.95, 95% CI 1.21-39.75). Total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein B were elevated in patients with unfavorable rather than favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION: Our findings confirmed that the patients with APOE-E4 allele were predisposed to unfavorable outcomes after aneurysmal SAH even though an association between APOE and incidence of the SAH may not exist. The effect of APOE on neurobiology and lipoprotein metabolism seems to partially explain the difference in outcomes and deserves further study.

Adult↗