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Biomedical subjects

Jin Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Jin Liu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A novel selective progesterone receptor modulator asoprisnil (J867) inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells in the absence of comparable effects on myometrial cells.

CONTEXT: Asoprisnil, a selective progesterone (P4) receptor (PR) modulator (SPRM) with mixed P4 agonist/antagonist activities, reduces uterine leiomyoma volume in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of follicular phase estrogen concentrations. The evidence from clinical studies suggests that asoprisnil may directly target the uterine leiomyomata. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: The present study evaluated the effects of asoprisnil on cell proliferation, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, and apoptosis in cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells and matched normal myometrial cells. PR-A and PR-B expression in the two types of cells was comparatively evaluated. Cell proliferation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive rate, and TUNEL-positive rate were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay, immunocytochemistry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and PR was assessed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Compared with untreated cultures, asoprisnil decreased the number of viable cultured cells, the PCNA-positive rate, and PCNA protein expression in cultured leiomyoma cells. Asoprisnil increased the TUNEL-positive rate, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in cultured leiomyoma cells. These effects were dose and time dependent. In cultured myometrial cells, however, asoprisnil did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis. PR-B expression was elevated in cultured leiomyoma cells compared with cultured myometrial cells, whereas no differences in PR-A expression were noted between the two cell types. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that asoprisnil inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cultured uterine leiomyoma cells in the absence of comparable effects on cultured normal myometrial cells, suggesting a cell type-specific effect.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2006

Efficacy and safety of intravenous moxifloxacin versus cefoperazone with azithromycin in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia.

To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of intravenous moxifloxacin with those of a commonly used empirical antibiotic regimen, cefoperazone and azithromycin in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adult patients requiring initial parenteral therapy, 40 patients with CAP were divided into two groups, a moxifloxacin group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20), which were treated for 7 to 14 days. The patients in the moxifloxacin group were intravenously given 400 mg of moxifloxacin (Avelox) once a day. Patients in the control group were administered 2.0 g of cefoperazone twice a day and azithromycin 0.5 g once a day. Clinical, bacteriological, and laboratory examinations were performed before the treatment, and at the end of the treatment. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in the clinical efficacy rate between two treatment groups at end of therapy (90% for moxifloxacin, 95% for cefoperazone plus azithromycin) (P > 0.05). The bacteriologic eradication rate at the end of treatment was 90% in the moxifloxacin group and 80% in the cefoperazone-plus-azithromycin group, whereas there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, both drugs were well-tolerated in this trial, with the number of drug-related adverse events being comparable. It is concluded that moxifloxacin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for CAP and was equivalent to the commonly used empirical treatment of cefoperazone plus azithromycin. Moxifloxacin is likely to offer clinicians an alternative for reliable empirical CAP treatment in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

A clinical assessment of the Glidescope videolaryngoscope in nasotracheal intubation with general anesthesia.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Glidescope videolaryngoscope as a device to aid nasotracheal intubation, and to determine whether the GSVL provides a better laryngeal view in patients with difficult laryngoscopy compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope. DESIGN: Prospective, clinical study. SETTING: Two university hospitals. PATIENTS: 156 healthy adult ASA physical status I and II undergoing elective plastic and intraoral surgery with general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: After anesthesia induction with intravenous injection of fentanyl 2 microg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg, and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg, nasotracheal intubation was performed using GSVL. MEASUREMENTS: Preoperative airway measurements were taken to predict potential difficult airways. During nasotracheal intubation using GSVL, laryngeal views, times required for full visualization of glottis and successful intubation, difficulty encountered and auxiliary maneuvers adopted, and upper airway trauma were recorded. The laryngeal views obtained by GSVL and by Macintosh laryngoscope were compared. MAIN RESULTS: The laryngeal views obtained by GSVL in all patients were Cormack and Lehane (C&L) grades I and II, and the success rate of intubation using GSVL at one attempt was 98.1%. The times required for visualization of the glottis and successful intubation were 40.2 +/- 11.5 s and 52.7 +/- 12.3 seconds, respectively. Patients with C&L grade II needed more auxiliary maneuvers to achieve successful intubation than did those with C&L grade I (P < 0.001). In 36 patients with potential difficult airways, the frequency of difficult laryngoscopy (C&L grades III and IV) with the Macintosh laryngoscope (58.3%) was significantly higher than with the GSVL (0%, P < 0.05). The frequency of minor upper airway trauma was 4.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The GSVL is an effective device for nasotracheal intubation and may be incorporated easily into routine clinical practice. Compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope, the GSVL can provide an improved laryngeal view in the patient with difficult airway.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

"Similarity trap" in protein-protein interactions could be carcinogenic: simulations of p53 core domain complexed with 53BP1 and BRCA1 BRCT domains.

Similar binding sites often imply similar protein-protein interactions and similar functions; however, similar binding sites may also constitute traps for nonfunctional associations. How are similar sites distinguished to prevent misassociations? BRCT domains from breast cancer-susceptibility gene product BRCA1 and protein 53BP1 have similar structures yet different binding behaviors with p53 core domain. 53BP1-BRCT domain forms a stable complex with p53. In contrast, BRCA1-p53 interaction is weak or other mechanisms operate. To delineate the difference, we designed 13 BRCA1-BRCT mutants and computationally investigated the structural and stability changes compared to the experimental p53-53BP1 structure. Interestingly, of the 13, the 2 mutations that are cancerous and involve nonconserved residues are those that enforced p53 core domain binding with BRCA1-BRCT in a way similar to p53-53BP1 binding. Hence, falling into the "similarity trap" may disrupt normal BRCA1 and p53 functions. Our results illustrate how this trap is avoided in the native state.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

ZnO nanobelt/nanowire Schottky diodes formed by dielectrophoresis alignment across au electrodes.

Rectifying diodes of single nanobelt/nanowire-based devices have been fabricated by aligning single ZnO nanobelts/nanowires across paired Au electrodes using dielectrophoresis. A current of 0.5 microA at 1.5 V forward bias has been received, and the diode can bear an applied voltage of up to 10 V. The ideality factor of the diode is approximately 3, and the on-to-off current ratio is as high as 2,000. The detailed IV characteristics of the Schottky diodes have been investigated at low temperatures. The formation of the Schottky diodes is suggested due to the asymmetric contacts formed in the dielectrophoresis aligning process.

Electrodes↗
PubMed2006

Piezoelectric field effect transistor and nanoforce sensor based on a single ZnO nanowire.

Utilizing the coupled piezoelectric and semiconducting dual properties of ZnO, we demonstrate a piezoelectric field effect transistor (PE-FET) that is composed of a ZnO nanowire (NW) (or nanobelt) bridging across two Ohmic contacts, in which the source to drain current is controlled by the bending of the NW. A possible mechanism for the PE-FET is suggested to be associated with the carrier trapping effect and the creation of a charge depletion zone under elastic deformatioin. This PE-FET has been applied as a force/pressure sensor for measuring forces in the nanonewton range and even smaller with the use of smaller NWs. An almost linear relationship between the bending force and the conductance was found at small bending regions, demonstrating the principle of nanowire-based nanoforce and nanopressure sensors.

Elasticity↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of minimum alveolar concentration between intravenous isoflurane lipid emulsion and inhaled isoflurane in dogs.

BACKGROUND: As in inhaled isoflurane anesthesia, when isoflurane lipid emulsion (ILE; 8%, vol/vol) is intravenously administered, the primary elimination route is through the lungs. This study was designed to determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and the time course of washout of isoflurane for intravenously infused ILE by monitoring end-tidal isoflurane concentration. METHODS: Twelve healthy adult mongrel dogs were assigned randomly to an intravenous anesthesia group with 8% ILE or to an inhalation anesthesia group with isoflurane vapor. An up-and-down method and stimulation of tail clamping were used to determine MAC of 8% ILE by intravenous injection in the intravenous anesthesia group and MAC by the inhaled approach in the inhalation anesthesia group, respectively. Isoflurane concentration and partial pressure in end-tidal gas, femoral arterial blood, and jugular venous blood were measured simultaneously just before each tail clamping and during washout. RESULTS: The induction time in the intravenous anesthesia group (105 +/- 24 s) was shorter than that in the inhalation anesthesia group (378 +/- 102 s; P < 0.01). MAC of 8% ILE by intravenous injection (1.12 +/- 0.18%) was significantly less than MAC by the inhaled approach (1.38 +/- 0.16%; P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the two groups in the time course of washout of isoflurane. CONCLUSION: The MAC of intravenous anesthesia with 8% ILE was less than that of inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane vapor in dogs.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2006

The efficacy and safety of intravenous emulsified isoflurane in rats.

Although direct IV injection of liquid volatile anesthetics is usually lethal, anesthesia using emulsified halothane and isoflurane without adverse effects has been safely induced in animals. We identified the safe concentration of emulsified volatile anesthetic preparations and determined the dose-response relationship of IV emulsified isoflurane and propofol in rats. Liquid/gas partition coefficients of desflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, and halothane in 20% and 30% Intralipid were measured and used to calculate their saturated concentrations. Unsaturated emulsified isoflurane was prepared by adding liquid isoflurane to 30% Intralipid. The loss of forepaw righting reflex was taken as induction of anesthesia, and disappearance of electrocardiogram was taken as death. The median effective induction dose (ED50) and median lethal dose (LD50) of emulsified isoflurane were 0.072 and 0.216 mL/kg liquid isoflurane, respectively. The ED50 and LD50 of propofol were 5.89 mg/kg and 18.19 mg/kg, respectively. Time to return of forepaw righting reflex after injection of emulsified isoflurane (38 +/- 18 s) was significantly shorter than with propofol (101 +/- 62 s; P < 0.05). Anesthesia was successfully induced in rats by IV emulsified isoflurane with a comparable safety index and certain safety factor as propofol. Recovery of anesthesia after IV emulsified isoflurane was faster than with propofol.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed2006

[Development of the study on emotion and electrophysiology].

In this paper the state of emotion study using electroencephalogram is systemically introduced. The methods for emotion study including the analyses of EEG frequency spectrum, evoked potentials, event-related potentials and the non-linear dynamical analysis are summarized, and the latest development is reviewed. Lastly the effect of emotion on other brain functions, e.g. memory, is discussed. In the paper the developments of emotion studies are also predicted.

Brain↗
PubMed2006

[Immune complex induced rat liver fibrosis model by intraperitoneal injection of human serum albumin].

BACKGROUND: To establish an immune complex induced rat liver fibrosis model by intraperitoneal injection of human serum albumin (HSA). METHODS: Male Wistar rats, weighting 110-120 g, were sensitized with HSA by subcutaneous injections at different sites for 4 shots at intervals of 14, 10 and 10 days. Ten days after the fourth injection, the peritoneal booster dose of HSA was administrated to rats twice weekly for 8 weeks with an initial dose of 5 mg, and progressive increase to 20 mg. Liver biopsy was performed at the beginning of HSA booster, 15, 30, 60 days after HSA booster, and 30, 60, 90, 120 days after discontinuation of HSA booster, respectively. Liver samples were examined for histological changes and liver hydroxyproline (HyP) was measured by biochemical method. Fibrosis serum markers hyaluronate acid (HA) and laminin (LN) were determined by RIA method. RESULTS: After intraperitoneal administration of HSA, the degree of liver pathological changes, the liver Hyp content and serum HA and LN increased (P<0.05). The longer the HSA administrated, the higher the liver pathological change degree (P<0.05) and the levels of liver Hyp and serum HA (P<0.01). After discontinuation of HSA, the levels of serum HA and liver Hyp decreased significantly (P<0.01) but were still significantly higher than those in the controls (P<0.01). The liver fibrosis formation rate was 100% and the fibrosis lasted more than 120 days. CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal administration of HSA to make rat immune complex induced liver fibrosis model is convenient with high liver fibrosis formation rate and long fibrosis lasting time. The model may be used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antifibrotic drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Construction of HPV type 16 Li antigen expressing tumor model].

Recombinant expression vector was constructed by techniques of gene recombination, and identified by restriction endonuclease and sequence analysis. Then the recombinant was transfected into B16 cell by techniques of gene transfection and expressions were detected by RT-PCR and IFA. After that, transfected cells were inoculated into subcutaneous of mouse and the forming tumor and expression of HPV16L1 protein after tumor was formed was observed. Identification of pcDNA- HPV16L1 by enzyme digestion showed that the length, inserted location and direction of the target gene which was inserted into the recombinant was correct and the expression of L1 in transfected cell was observed by IFA. The inoculated cells could form tumor in vivo obviously and HPV16 L1 protein could express in the cells stably.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Inhibitory effect of murine cytomegalovirus infection on neural stem cells' differentiation and its mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading infectious cause of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system caused by intrauterine infection. However, the exact pathogenesis of these brain abnormalities has not been fully elucidated. It has been reported that periependymitis, periventricular necrosis and calcification are the most frequent findings in the brains of congenital CMV infection. Because a number of multipotential neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified from ventricular zone, it is possible that NSCs in this area are primary targets for viral infection, which seems to be primarily responsible for the generation of the brain abnormalities. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection on neural stem cells' differentiation in vitro and its role in the mechanisms of brain abnormalities caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection. METHODS: NSCs were prepared from fetal BALB/c mouse and were infected with recombinant MCMV RM461 inserted with a report gene LacZ at 1 multiplicity of infection (MOI = 1). The effect of MCMV infection on neural stem cells' differentiation was observed by detecting the ratio of nestin, GFAP and NSE positive cells with immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry on day 2 postinfection. The effects of MCMV infection on gene expression of Wnt-1 and neurogenin 1 (Ngn1) related to neural differentiation were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: NSCs isolated from embryonic mouse brains strongly expressed nestin, a specific marker of NSCs and had the capacity to differentiate into NF-200 and NSE positive neurons or GFAP positive astrocytes. At MOI = 1, the results of flow cytometry assay showed that nestin positive cells' proportion in the infection group [(62.2 +/- 1.8)%] was higher than that in the normal group [(37.2 +/- 2.4)%] (t = 4.62, P < 0.01). At the same time, the rates of GFAP and NSE positive cells' in the infection group were significantly lower than those in the normal group (P < 0.01). The scanning densities of Wnt-1 was 0.14 +/- 0.03 in the infection group while 0.32 +/- 0.04 in the control group (t = 7.21, P < 0.01). The scanning densities of Ngn1 were 0.09 +/- 0.01 and 0.21 +/- 0.02 in the two groups (t = 10.7, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that MCMV infection could inhibit neuronal differentiation, which may be primary causes of disorders of brain development in congenital CMV infection. The decreased expression of Wnt-1 and Ngn1 may be involved in the inhibitory effect of murine cytomegalovirus infection on neural stem cells' differentiation, which may lead to a new strategy for preventing and treating brain abnormalities caused by CMV infection through regulating these two signal pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Application of HPLC fingerprint in quality control of Fufangteng combination formula].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the characteristic mode of HPLC fingerprint of Fufangteng combination formula for the quality control of this medicine. METHOD: 10 batch certified products were selected to establish the characteristic mode of HPLC fingerprint of Fufangteng combination formula by chromatographic pattern matching and retention time correction. RESULT: This characteristic mode of HPLC fingerprint can clearly differentiate the eligible Fufangteng products from the unqualified products. CONCLUSION: This method can provide thorough information for the quality control of Fufangteng combination formula.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

[Endoscopy-assisted internal fixation of ramus and subcondylar fracture].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical application of endoscopy-assisted internal fixation of ramus and subcondylar fractures. METHODS: In 11 patients with mandibular ramus and subcondylar fractures, endoscopy-assisted internal fixations with titanium plates were performed using micro-angular drill and screwdriver. RESULTS: All of the patients showed no visible facial scars. Orthorpantography and three dimensional reconstructions of spiral CT scan demonstrated that all fractures were healed 1 to 15 months after operation. Slight malocclusion existed in 1 case and slight limited mouth openings were found in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopy-assisted internal fixation of mandibular ramus and subcondylar fracture avoided visible facial scars and the risk of facial nerve damage, it is, therefore, a minimally invasive and effective procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The prognosis and cytogenetic characteristics of acute erythroid leukemia: a report of 55 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prognosis and cytogenetic characteristics of acute erythroid leukemia. METHODS: We selected 55 patients with acute erythroid leukemia and reviewed the cytogenetic characteristics of these cases. With case-control studies, 55 patients were classified as primary or MDS transformed leukemia depending on the absence or presence of MDS history. In addition, we also classified these 55 cases as normal or abnormal karyotype. We analyzed the treatment response to allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chemotherapy and the survival and prognosis of all the groups with Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank. RESULTS: 45 patients and cytogenetic studies and there were 18 cases with normal karyotypes and 27 cases with aberrant karyotypes. The detection rate of chromosomal abnormality was 60.0%. In the cases with chromosomal abnormality, there were 17 cases with multiple chromosomal abnormality and 10 cases with simple chromosomal abnormality. 10 cases had excess of hypodiploid or hyperdiploid. In 18.5% (5/27) of the cases with aberrant karyotypes 5 chromosomes were involved and in 25.9% (7/27) 7 or 8 chromosomes were involved. The 55 patients were followed up and their treatment response was evaluated. In these patients, total complete remission rate was 63.6%. Among them, the complete remission rate of acute erythroid leukemia with MDS history was lower than that without MDS history (42.8% vs 85.2%, P < 0.05). The complete remission rate of acute erythroid leukemia with aberrant karyotypes was lower than that with normal karyotypes (37.0% vs 83.3%, P < 0.01). The median follow-up was 30 months (3 - 79 months). During follow-up, the overall survival and disease-free survival of the patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history who received transplantation were longer than those who received chemotherapy (P < 0.01). Chromosomal abnormality and previous MDS history were the major factors that influenced prognosis. 16 patients received allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Among them, 9 cases had aberrant karyotypes and previous MDS history and 4 cases had no response to chemotherapy. After transplantation, 11 cases survived without any disease. The median survival was 28 months and 2-year survival 68.7% (11/16). CONCLUSIONS: Acute erythroid leukemia patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history are usually resistant to chemotherapy. The survival of these patients is short and the prognosis poor. Allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation could improve survival and prognosis. The patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history should receive allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation as early as possible.

Adult↗