Biomedical subjects

Jin S Oh

Publications and source records attributed to Jin S Oh.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Thyroid hormone regulates endogenous amyloid-beta precursor protein gene expression and processing in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Thyroid hormone negatively regulates the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) gene in thyroid hormone receptor (TR)-transfected neuroblastoma cells. A negative thyroid hormone response element (nTRE) that mediates this regulation has been identified in the first exon of the APP gene. We demonstrate in an in vivo system that expression of APP mRNA, APP protein, and APP secretase cleavage products in mouse brain is influenced by thyroid status. Adult female mice were made hyperthyroid or hypothyroid for 3 weeks and compared to euthyroid mice. APP gene product expression was increased in hypothyroid mouse brain and reduced in hyperthyroid mouse brain, when compared to euthyroid controls. We observed similar effects of thyroid hormone on endogenous APP gene expression in human neuroblastoma cells. The incidence of hypothyroidism increases with age, and localized hypothyroidism of central nervous system has been reported in some patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Reduced action of thyroid hormone on the APP gene may contribute to AD pathology by increasing APP expression and the levels of processed APP products. These findings may be an underlying mechanism contributing to the association of hypothyroidism with AD in the elderly, as well as identifying a potential therapeutic target. Pharmacologic supplementation of thyroid hormone, or its analogs, may reduce APP gene expression and beta amyloid peptide accumulation.

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor↗

PubMed2006

Multiplex reverse transcription-PCR for rapid differential detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine group A rotavirus.

A novel multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex RT-PCR) that can detect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine group A rotavirus (GAR) was developed. The 3 viruses (PEDV, TGEV, and porcine GAR) are major agents in viral enteric diseases of piglets. As the clinical signs of these diseases are similar, including watery diarrhea, differential detection is required for etiologic diagnosis. A mixture of 3 pairs of published primers was used for amplification of viral nucleic acids, yielding 3 different amplicons with sizes of 859 bp, 651 bp, and 309 bp for TGEV, PEDV, and porcine GAR, respectively. A total of 157 specimens (78 fecal and 79 intestinal samples) from piglets with acute gastroenteritis were collected in Korea between January 2004 and May 2005. They were tested for the presence of 3 viruses by multiplex RT-PCR. Coinfections with PEDV and porcine GAR were identified in 16 farms (43.2%). PEDV, porcine GAR, and TGEV infection were 26.3%, 13.2%, and 2.7% respectively. The relative sensitivity and specificity of multiplex RT-PCR were evaluated, with results suggesting that this assay is equal in quality to conventional single-agent RT-PCR assays (sensitivity:100%, 92.9%, 100% for TGEV, PEDV, GARs; specificity: 100% for all 3 viruses). This multiplex RT-PCR is a simple assay and may be a potentially useful for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective etiological diagnostic tool for acute viral gastroenteritis in piglets.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Isolation of H3N2 swine influenza virus in South Korea.

Swine influenza is a significant respiratory disease causing occasional reproductive problems in naïve swine herds. Although different subtypes of swine influenza virus (SIV) have been implicated in clinical outbreaks of swine influenza in Asian countries, no virus isolation has been made to identify SIV of subtypes other than the H1N1 subtype in the Korean swine population. In December 1998, an outbreak of acute respiratory disease was identified in a commercial swine farm located in the Kyunggi province of South Korea. A causative agent, which agglutinated rooster red blood cells, was detected from the lungs of 3 piglets from the index herd and was determined to be type A influenza virus using a commercial influenza virus typing kit. Hemagglutination activity (HA) of the isolates was completely inhibited by a swine antiserum against a recent US H3N2 SIV isolate (A/Sw/IA/41305/1998) but not by H1N1 swine antiserum (A/Sw/IA/1979). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed all 3 isolates were H3 SIV subtypes. Sequence analysis of hemagglutinin gene PCR products supported the belief that the Korean H3 SIV isolates were genetically similar to the known mammalian H3 influenza viruses. This is the first report on a clinical outbreak of swine influenza caused by the H3N2 virus in Korea.

Animals↗