PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Jing Chang

Publications and source records attributed to Jing Chang.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

[A randomized controlled trial of Yiqi Pingchuan Granule in treating acute attack of bronchial spasm due to asthma of qi deficiency and cold syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Yiqi Pingchuan Granule in treating acute attack of asthma due to qi deficiency and cold syndrome. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 80 patients with an acute attack of asthma were included. They were allocated into two groups randomly in a ratio of three to one. Sixty patients in the treatment group received Yiqi Pingchuan Granule and 20 patients in the control group received Ruyi Dingchuan Pill. Patients in both groups were treated for 7 days. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome, clinical symptoms and lung function between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second was increased in the treatment group (P<0.05), and the peak expiratory flow was accelerated in the control group (P<0.05). No significant side effects were noted in both groups. CONCLUSION: Yiqi Pingchuan Granule is safe and effective in treating acute attack of asthma due to qi deficiency and cold syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A small interfering CD147-targeting RNA inhibited the proliferation, invasiveness, and metastatic activity of malignant melanoma.

CD147 plays a critical role in the invasive and metastatic activity of malignant melanoma cells by stimulating the surrounding fibroblasts to express matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor. We developed a system that blocks CD147 in the human malignant melanoma cell line, A375, using RNA interference. By transfecting melanoma cells with the small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets human CD147, we were able to establish two stable clones in which CD147 expression was significantly down-regulated. This resulted in the decreased proliferation and invasion of A375 cells in vitro. CD147 siRNA also down-regulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in these cells and reduced the migration of vascular endothelial cells. The reduction in the CD147 level suppressed the size of s.c. tumors and the microvessel density in an A375 s.c. nude mouse xenograft model. In addition, the in vivo metastatic potential of A375 cells transfected with CD147 siRNA was suppressed in a nude mouse model of pulmonary metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Cluster analysis for DNA methylation profiles having a detection threshold.

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation, a molecular feature used to investigate tumor heterogeneity, can be measured on many genomic regions using the MethyLight technology. Due to the combination of the underlying biology of DNA methylation and the MethyLight technology, the measurements, while being generated on a continuous scale, have a large number of 0 values. This suggests that conventional clustering methodology may not perform well on this data. RESULTS: We compare performance of existing methodology (such as k-means) with two novel methods that explicitly allow for the preponderance of values at 0. We also consider how the ability to successfully cluster such data depends upon the number of informative genes for which methylation is measured and the correlation structure of the methylation values for those genes. We show that when data is collected for a sufficient number of genes, our models do improve clustering performance compared to methods, such as k-means, that do not explicitly respect the supposed biological realities of the situation. CONCLUSION: The performance of analysis methods depends upon how well the assumptions of those methods reflect the properties of the data being analyzed. Differing technologies will lead to data with differing properties, and should therefore be analyzed differently. Consequently, it is prudent to give thought to what the properties of the data are likely to be, and which analysis method might therefore be likely to best capture those properties.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2006

Modeling exposures for DNA methylation profiles.

We extend the finite mixture model to estimate the association between exposure and latent disease subtype measured by DNA methylation profiles. Estimates from this model are compared with those obtained from the simpler two-phase approach of first clustering the DNA methylation data followed by associating exposure with disease subtype using logistic regression. The two models are fit to data from a study of colorectal adenomas and are compared in a simulation study. Depending on the analytic approach, we obtain different estimates of the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the association of RBC folate and DNA methylation subtype in colorectal adenomas (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.08-1.26 from the extended finite mixture model; OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.15-1.28 from the two-phase approach; n = 58 case subjects). Although our results could be a chance occurrence due to fluctuations from small sample size, we did a simulation study using larger samples and found that differences between the two approaches emerge when there is noise in the cluster analysis. In the naive two-phase approach, the estimate of the OR is biased towards the null, and its SE is underestimated when there is error in the cluster assignment. Estimates from the extended mixture model are unbiased and have the correct SE estimate but may require larger sample sizes for convergence. Thus, when the clusters are not identified with certainty, the extended mixture model is preferred for valid estimation of the OR and CI.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2005

Estimating the species accumulation curve using mixtures.

As a significant tool in ecological studies, the species accumulation curve or the collector's curve is the graph of the expected number of detected species as a function of sampling effort. The problem of estimating the species accumulation curve based on an empirical data set arising from quadrat sampling is studied in a nonparametric binomial mixture model. It will be shown that estimating the species accumulation curve not only is independent of the unknown number of species but also includes estimating the number of species as a limiting case. For the purpose of interpolation, moment-based estimators, associated with asymptotic confidence intervals, are developed from several points of view. A likelihood-based procedure is developed for the purpose of extrapolation, associated with bootstrap confidence intervals. The proposed methods are illustrated by ecological data sets.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Relationship between bone mineral density and syndrome types described in traditional chinese medicine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a preliminary clinical observation.

Osteoporosis is a common finding following chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there are few reports on the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and the syndrome types described in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in patients with COPD. A cross-sectional medical survey was used in this study. Twenty-six male patients with COPD and 26 age-matched male healthy subjects were recruited. The symptom questionnaire survey of TCM was implemented, and thereafter the COPD patients were divided into two subgroups: type of deficiency of the lung and spleen (TDLS) and type of deficiency of the lung, spleen and kidney (TDLSK). BMD of lumbar spine (L2-4), non-dominant femoral neck (Neck), Ward's triangle (Ward's), and great trochanter (Troch) were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. In addition, the other bone turnover markers were also examined. The results showed that BMD was much more decreased in TDLSK than that in TDLS patients (p < 0.05), and BMD in the patients of the TDLS subgroup without symptoms of kidney-vacuity has showed the decreased trend from healthy subjects to TDLS patients. Furthermore, there was a higher incidence of osteoporosis in patients with TDLSK compared with that in TDLS (p < 0.05, OR > 2.0). Therefore, the data suggest that: (1) BMD might be a marker more sensitive than the symptom for the diagnosis of kidney-vacuity in COPD patients; (2) the deficiency of kidney would be the key factor of bone mineral loss; and (3) that invigorating the kidney should be performed in the phase of TDLS in COPD patients in advance.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

[Randomized controlled trial on haiguiyuyang capsule in the treatment of duodenal ulcer].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of haiguiyuyang capsule in the treatment of duodenal ulcer (also diagnosed as weiwan pain and hanrecuoza syndrome according to the theory of TCM). METHODS: This is a multi-center clinical trial cooperatively conducted from May 2003 to March 2004 in accordance to the principle of informed consent, to the criteria for subject inclusion, exclusion, discontinuation, and to the relevant guidelines for evaluating the therapeutic effects of new TCM drugs. The design of double-blind, double-dummy and randomized controlled trial was adopted. 438 patients were randomized to the Test group (n = 330, treated with haiguiyuyang capsule) and to the Control group (n = 108, treated with ranitidine). The therapeutic course for both groups was 6 weeks. RESULTS: Regarding the efficacy in treating duodenal ulcer, in the Test group, the Marked Efficacy Rate was 66.37% and the Total Efficacy Rate was 82.13%; in the Control group, the Marked Efficacy Rate was 68.61% and the Total Efficacy Rate was 93.34%; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Regarding the efficacy in treating the syndrome diagnosed by TCM, in the Test group, the Marked Efficacy Rate was 70.31% and the Total Efficacy Rate was 93.34%; in the control group, the rates were 71.29% and 91.66% respectively; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Besides, regarding the abatement of distention and fullness of stomach after treatment, the haiguiyuyang capsule was better than ranitidine (P<0.05). No adverse side-effect was observed. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of haiguiyuyang capsule in treating duodenal ulcer is similar to that of ranitidine. No obvious adverse effect of it was observed in this trial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Effects of captopril on myocardial energy metabolism in mice with viral myocarditis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of myocardial energy production in mice with viral myocarditis, and to observe the interventional effects of captopril. METHODS: The male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: coxsackie B3 virus (CVB3) infection group (infection group), CVB3 infection group with captopril treatment (treatment group) and control group. The morphology, membrane phospholipid, as well as activities of cytochrome oxidase (CCO) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) of myocardial mitochondria were studied by using transmission electron microscope, morphometry and enzyme cytochemical method respectively. Reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to analyze contents of myocardial ATP, ADP and AMP. RESULTS: A large number of mitochondria were damaged in infection group, the apparent mitochondrial membrane phospholipid deletion and localization change were observed, the activities of CCO and SDH in mitochondria declined obviously, and the contents of ATP, ADP as well as AMP declined notably. All of these were improved significantly in treatment group. CONCLUSION: The myocardial mitochondrial structure destroys and its functions decline apparently in viral myocarditis. Captopril has effects against myocardial mitochondrial structure damage and function decline, ameliorate myocardial energy metabolism.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗