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Jingcheng Hao

Publications and source records attributed to Jingcheng Hao.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Ca2+- and ba2+-ligand coordinated unilamellar, multilamellar, and oligovesicular vesicles.

Ca(2+)- and Ba(2+)-coordinated vesicle phases were prepared in mixed aqueous solutions of tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (C(14)DMAO) and calcium oleate (Ca(OA)(2)) or barium oleate (Ba(OA)(2)). At the right mixing ratios, metal-ligand coordination between Ca(OA)(2) or Ba(OA)(2) and C(14)DMAO results in the formation of molecular bilayers due to the reduction in area per head group. Ca(2+) and Ba(2+) tightly associate to the head groups of surfactants and in this system the bilayer membranes are not shielded by excess salts. The structures of the birefringent samples of the Ca(OA)(2)/C(14)DMAO/H(2)O and Ba(OA)(2)/C(14)DMAO/H(2)O systems were determined by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and rheological measurements to consist of unilamellar, multilamellar, and oligovesicular vesicles. The coordination between C(14)DMAO and Ba(OA)(2) or Ca(OA)(2) plays an important role in the formation of the vesicles, which was easily confirmed by studying the phase behavior of the KOA/C(14)DMAO/H(2)O system in which only the L(1) phase forms, due to the absence of coordination between KOA and C(14)DMAO. A mechanism is proposed that accounts for the formation of these new metal-ligand coordinated vesicles.

Barium↗
PubMed2006

Dissipative particle dynamics simulation of phase behavior of aerosol OT/water system.

The phase behaviors of the binary mixture of an anionic surfactant aerosol OT (AOT) and water are investigated on a mesoscopic level using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) computer simulations. With a simple surfactant model, various aggregation structures of AOT in water including the lamellar, viscous isotropic, and reverse hexagonal phases are obtained, which agree well with the experimental phase diagram. Special attention is given on the unusual lamellar regions. Water diffusivity shows much useful information to understand how the phase behaviors varied with concentration and temperature. It is proposed that the anomalous lamellar phenomena at intermediate AOT concentration (about 40%) are due to the formation of a defective structure, pseudoreversed hexagonal phase, which evidently decreases the water diffusivity. After increasing temperature above 328 K, the pseudoreversed hexagonal structure will be partly transformed to a normal lamellar phase structure and the system lamellar ordering is therefore enhanced.

Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid↗
PubMed2006

Multi-phase equilibrium microemulsions and synthesis of hierarchically structured calcium carbonate through microemulsion-based routes.

Middle-phase microemulsions (MPMs) in two systems of a cationic surfactant, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTABr)/n-butanol/iso-octane/Na2CO3 or CaCl2 and an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/n-butanol/iso-octane/Na2CO3 or CaCl2, were used to synthesize nanostructured calcium carbonates. MPMs provide a simple and versatile reaction media, i.e., upper-phase W/O, BC, and O/W structured equilibrium microemulsions to be used for synthesizing hierarchically structured CaCO3 at the nanometer scale. On the basis of the investigations on the phase behavior of the MPMs, hierarchically structured calcium carbonates with dendrites, ellipsoids, square-schistose cubes, and spheres were synthesized through the MPM-based routes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Effects of system parameters on making aluminum alloy lotus.

In the present article, stable biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces on aluminum alloy are obtained by wet chemical etching following modification with crosslinked silicone elastomer, perfluorononane (C9F20), and perfluoropolyether (PFPE), respectively. The formation and structure of superhydrophobic surfaces were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effects of surface roughness resulted from the etching time, and the concentration of NaOH aqueous solution on the superhydrophobicity of the surfaces have been discussed in detail. The optimal surface roughness of starting material is about 0.05-0.5 microm and the resulting surface roughness should be controlled between 2.7 and 5.8 microm in order to realize the superhydrophobicity on aluminum alloy; if the concentration of NaOH aqueous solution is about 4 wt%, the best treatment time is between 2 and 4 h to form a surface roughness changing from 2.7 to 5.8 microm. The trapped air with the binary structure plays a key role in fabricating superhydrophobic surface on aluminum alloy. In other words, the unusual structure on the surface, which has a binary structure consisted of microprotrusions and nanoparticles, plays a very vital role in constructing of the stable biomimetic superhydrophobic surface on aluminum alloy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

A promising system of mixed single- and double-short-tailed PEO ether phosphate esters: phase behavior and vesicle formation.

Acidic surfactants, single- and bi-2-methylheptanol polyethenoxy ether phosphate esters, H2PO3(OCH2CH2)nOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 (u-MHPEPE) and HPO3[(OCH2CH2)nOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2]2 (d-MHPEPE), where n approximately 4, were synthesized. Phase behavior of u- and d-MHPEPE (u- and d-MHPEPE mixtures were abbreviated as MHPEPE) mixtures in aqueous solutions and vesicle formation were determined. Surface tension measurements showed that u-MHPEPE and MHPEPE have low surface tensions at critical micelle concentrations. gamma(cmc)=29.0 mNm(-1) and cmc=16.0 mmolL(-1) for u-MHPEPE, MHPEPE has two transition points suggesting the mixtures of u- and d-MHPEPE with gamma(cmc1)=30.5 mNm(-1) and cmc1=4.0 mmolL(-1), and gamma(cmc2)=27.3 mNm(-1) and cmc2=42.0 mmolL(-1). These values, specific gamma(cmc), are much lower than those of traditionally cationic or anionic surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, gamma(cmc)=37.1 mNm(-1) at cmc=0.92 mmolL(-1)) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, gamma(cmc)=39.0 mNm(-1) at cmc=8.1 mmolL(-1)). Rich phase behavior was observed with increasing MHPEPE concentration, an isotropic L(1)-phase (micelle solution), an unstable emulsion-region (with time, the samples separate into two-phase), a transparently bluish and birefringent Lalpha-phase up to 200 mmol L(-1) with unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles. These unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles were demonstrated by using staining transmission electron microscopy (staining-TEM), which were compared to freeze-fracture TEM (FF-TEM). The vesicle-phase is stable for at least 1 year. Vesicle formation possibly could be explained in harmonization of the hydrophobic force of acidic surfactant tails, the hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) and the electrostatic interaction among polar headgroups of PEO ether phosphate ester. Phase transition from the flow birefringent unilamellar vesicles induced by addition of HCl, NaCl, NaOH, and increasing temperature has been observed. Surprisingly, for u-MHPEPE or d-MHPEPE in water, we just observed L1-phase (micelle solution) with increasing u-MHPEPE or d-MHPEPE concentration.

Esters↗
PubMed2006

A salt-free zero-charged aqueous onion-phase enhances the solubility of fullerene C60 in water.

An onion-phase (multilamellar vesicular phase or Lalpha-phase) was prepared from salt-free zero-charged cationic and anionic (catanionic) surfactant mixtures of tetradecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (TTAOH)/lauric acid (LA)/H2O. The H+ and OH- counterions form water (TTAOH + LA --> TTAL + H2O), leaving the solution salt free. The onion-phase solution has novel properties including low conductivity, low osmotic pressure and unscreened electrostatic repulsions between cationic and anionic surfactants because of the absence of salt. The spherical multilamellar vesicles have an average 250 nm radius as measured by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) and the maximum interlayer distance, i.e., the thickness of the hydrophobic bilayer and the water layer, was calculated to be around 52 nm by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Extremely hydrophobic C60 fullerene can be solubilized in this salt-free zero-charged aqueous onion-phase. As a typical result, 0.588 mg.mL(-1) (approximately 0.82 mmol.L(-1)) C60 has been successfully solubilized into a 50 mmol.L(-1) catanionic surfactant onion-phase aqueous solution. The weight ratio of fullerene to TTAL is calculated to be around 1:40. Solubilization of C60 in the salt-free catanionic onion-phase solution was investigated by using different sample preparation routes, and a variety of techniques were used to characterize these vesicular systems with or without encapsulated C60. The onion-phase solution changed color from slightly bluish to yellow or brown after C60 was solubilized. 1H and 13C NMR measurements indicated that the C60 molecules are located in the hydrophobic layers, i.e., in the central positions [omega-CH3 and delta-(CH2)x] of the hydrophobic layers of the TTAL onion-phase. Salt-free zero-charged catanionic vesicular aqueous solutions are good candidates for enhancing the solubility of C60 in aqueous solutions and may broaden the functionality of fullerenes to new potential applications in biology, medicine, and materials. Hopefully, our method can also be extended to solubilize functionalized carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions.

Fullerenes↗
PubMed2005

Stable biomimetic super-hydrophobic engineering materials.

We describe a simple and inexpensive method to produce super-hydrophobic surfaces on aluminum and its alloy by oxidation and chemical modification. Water or aqueous solutions (pH = 1-14) have contact angles of 168 +/- 2 and 161 +/- 2 degrees on the treated surfaces of Al and Al alloy, respectively. The super-hydrophobic surfaces are produced by the cooperation of binary structures at micro- and nanometer scales, thus reducing the energies of the surfaces. Such super-hydrophobic properties will greatly extend the applications of aluminum and its alloy as lubricating materials.

Aluminum↗
PubMed2005

Self-assembled structure in room-temperature ionic liquids.

Self-assembled vesicles, structurally equivalent to some hydrotropes, have been obtained from a Zn2+-fluorous surfactant or in the mixture of Zn2+-fluorous surfactant/zwitterionic surfactant in room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The existence of bilayers arranged in vesicles in RTILs would be very exciting, open several new possibilities as reaction media, and increase our understanding of the physical and chemical factors for self-assembling systems in RTILs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Two routes to vesicle formation: metal-ligand complexation and ionic interactions.

Two routes to vesicle formation were designed to prepare uni- and multilamellar vesicles in salt-free aqueous solutions of surfactants. The formation of a surfactant complex between a double-chain anionic surfactant with a divalent-metal ion as the counterion and a single-chain zwitterionic surfactant with the polar group of amine-oxide group is described for the first time as a powerful driving force for vesicle-phases constructed from salt-free mixtures of aqueous surfactant solutions. As a typical example, a Zn(2+)-induced charged complex fluid, vesicle-phase has been studied in aqueous mixtures of tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (C(14)DMAO) and zinc 2,2-dihydroperfluorooctanoate [Zn(OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13))(2)]. This ionically charged vesicle-phase formed due to surfactant complexation has interesting rheological properties and is not shielded by excess salts because there are no counterions in the solution. Such a vesicle-phase of surfactant complex is important for many applications; for example, the vesicle-phase was further used to produce in situ the vesicle-phase of the salt-free cationic/anionic (catanionic) surfactants, C(14)DMAOH(+)-(-)OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13). The salt-free catanionic vesicle-phase could be produced through injecting H(2)S gas into the C(14)DMAO/Zn(OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13))(2) vesicle-phase, because the zwitterionic surfactant C(14)DMAO can be charged by the H(+) released from H(2)S to become a cationic surfactant and Zn(2+) was precipitated as ZnS. After the ZnS precipitates were removed from C(14)DMAO/Zn(OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13))(2) solutions, the final mixed solution does not contain excess salts as do other cationic/anionic surfactant systems. Both the C(14)DMAO-Zn(OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13))(2) complex and the resulting catanionic C(14)DMAOH(+)-(-)OOCCH(2)C(6)F(13) solution are birefringent Lalpha-phase solutions that consist of uni- and multilamellar vesicles. Ring-shaped semiconductor ZnS materials with encapsulated ZnS precipitates and regular spherical ZnS particles were prepared, which resulted in a transition from vesicles composed of metal-ligand complexes to vesicles held together by ionic interactions in the salt-free aqueous systems. This strategy should provide a new method to prepare inorganic materials. The present routes to form vesicles solve a problem: how to prepare nanomaterials using surfactant self-assembly, with structure controlled not by the growing material, but by the phase behavior of the surfactants.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed2005

Salt-induced vesicle formation from single anionic surfactant SDBS and its mixture with LSB in aqueous solution.

Vesicles can be formed spontaneously in aqueous solution of a single anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) just under the inducement of salt, which makes the formation of vesicle much easier and simpler. The existence of vesicles was demonstrated by TEM image using the negative-staining method. The mechanism of the formation may be attributed to the compression of salt on the electric bilayer of the surfactant headgroups, which alters the packing parameter of the surfactant. The addition of the zwitterionic surfactant lauryl sulfonate betaine (LSB) makes the vesicles more stable, expands the range of formation and vesicle size, and reduces the polydispersity of the vesicles. The vesicle region was presented in a pseudoternary diagram of SDBS/LSB/brine. The variations of vesicle size with the salinity and mixing ratios, as well as the surfactant concentration, were determined using the dynamic light scattering method. It is found that the vesicle size is independent of the surfactant concentration but subject to the salinity and the mixing ratio of the two surfactants.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Multilayer vesicles and vesicle clusters formed by the fullerene-based surfactant C60(CH3)5K.

The self-assembly behavior of a fullerene-based surfactant, C60(CH3)5K, in water was studied using a combination of static and dynamic light scattering, as well as transmission electron microscopy, and compared to that of the compound C60(C6H5)5K. Both fullerene surfactant systems spontaneously assemble into large vesicles consisting of closed spherical shells formed by bilayers, with critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) lower than 10(-6) g ml(-1). At low concentrations, the aggregate sizes of C60(CH3)5K (radius R approximately 26.8 nm) and C60(C6H5)5K (R approximately 17.0 nm) were found to be substantially different from each other, showing that the change of the substituents surrounding the polar cyclopentadienide head group makes it possible to control the size of the resulting aggregates. Furthermore, the C60(CH3)5K vesicles were found to exist in two qualitatively different types of aggregation with a critical reaggregation concentration (CRC) located at 3.30 x 10(-6) g ml(-1). Above the CRC, larger aggregates were observed (R approximately 37.6 nm), showing a more complex form of supramolecular aggregation, e.g., in terms of multi-bilayer vesicles and/or of clusters of bilayer vesicles.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Separation of double-stranded DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis using polyvinylpyrrolidone and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) transient interpenetrating network.

A noncross-linked interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), consisting of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, weight-average molecular weight M(w) = 1 x 10(6) g/mol) was synthesized by polymerizing N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) monomers directly in PVP buffer solution and tested as a separation medium for double-stranded (ds)DNA analysis without further purification. Due to the incompatibility of PVP and PDMA, a simple solution mixture could incur a microphase separation and showed poor performance on dsDNA separation. However, a dramatic improvement was achieved by the formation of an IPN. We attributed the high sieving ability of IPN as due to an increase in the number of entanglements by the more extended polymer chains. Apparent viscosity studies showed that the IPN had a much higher viscosity than the simple mixture containing the same amount of PDMA and PVP. In 1 x Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE) buffer, the concentration ratio of PDMA and PVP had a great effect on the DNA separation. At optimal conditions, the 22 fragments in pBR322/HaeIII DNA were successfully separated within 15 min, with a resolution of better than 1.0 for 123/124 bp.

Acrylamides↗