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Joachim Schrader

Publications and source records attributed to Joachim Schrader.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The ACCESS Study: evaluation of Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survivors.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survivors (ACCESS) study was designed to assess the safety of modest blood pressure reduction by candesartan cilexetil in the early treatment of stroke. The study was also designed to provide an estimate of the number of cases required to perform a larger phase III efficacy study. METHODS: Five hundred patients were recruited in a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter phase II study. RESULTS: This safety trial was stopped prematurely when 342 patients (339 valid) had been randomized because of an imbalance in end points. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, and blood pressure on admission, on study onset, and within the whole study period were not significantly different between the 2 groups. However, the cumulative 12-month mortality and the number of vascular events differed significantly in favor of the candesartan cilexetil group (odds ratio, 0.475; 95% CI, 0.252 to 0.895). There were no significant differences in concomitant medication and in number or type of side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although the mechanisms by which angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor blockade affects cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are still unresolved, the present study shows that early neurohumoral inhibition has similar beneficial effects in cerebral and in myocardial ischemia. The fact that no cardiovascular or cerebrovascular event occurred as a result of hypotension is of significant clinical importance. When there is need for or no contraindication against early antihypertensive therapy, candesartan cilexetil is a safe therapeutic option according to the ACCESS results.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Cerebrovascular sequelae of hypertension].

Hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke and vascular dementia. Antihypertensive treatment reduces stroke risk by 40%. Most probably, all antihypertensive drugs are equally effective with the exception of alpha blockers. One study showed superiority of an angiotensin (AT) II antagonist versus beta blocker in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Blood pressure is increased in many patients with acute stroke. In this phase, sudden drops in blood pressure should be avoided. All guidelines concerning antihypertensive treatment in acute stroke are not based on evidence. For secondary prevention, the combination of an angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and diuretic reduced strokes by 28% after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or a first stroke. Whether this is a drug-specific effect or due to lowering blood pressure per se is investigated at the moment. Antihypertensive treatment can reduce the incidence of vascular dementia and cognitive impairment.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2002

Preventing stroke.

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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗