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Joanne M White

Publications and source records attributed to Joanne M White.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The effectiveness of the mumps component of the MMR vaccine: a case control study.

In 1998/1999, an outbreak of mumps occurred among children of a religious community in North East London. A case control study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the mumps component of the MMR vaccine. One hundred and sixty-one cases of mumps were identified and 192 controls were selected. Fifty-one percent of cases and 77% of controls had a history at least one MMR vaccination. The observed effectiveness of any MMR vaccination adjusted for age, sex and general practice was 69% (95% CI: 41-84%). This is consistent with the results of other observational studies of mumps containing vaccines, but lower than the immunogenicity of mumps vaccines reported by clinical trials. This discrepancy is because observational studies tend to underestimate vaccine effectiveness, and because immunogenicity is not necessarily an accurate biological marker of vaccine effectiveness. Two doses of vaccine were more effective (88% (95% CI: 62-96%)) than a single dose (64% (95% CI: 40-78%)). The current two-dose vaccination programme remains the best method for controlling mumps infection in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Genetic diversity of mumps virus in oral fluid specimens: application to mumps epidemiological study.

Three hundred nine mumps virus (MuV) strains detected in the United Kingdom during 1995-2002 were characterized by partial sequencing of the small hydrophobic gene and were shown to belong to at least 6 different genotypes. A strain representing a new genotype was isolated from a seminal fluid specimen. Identical strains belonging to genotypes G and C were found to circulate for up to 3 years. One genotype H strain reappeared after an absence of 4 years. Distinct lineages (G1-G7) within genotype G were recognizable in the present study, and this level of characterization proved to be very useful for tracking MuV importations and subsequent transmission. We propose, here, a preliminary standardization of international nomenclature for genetic characterization of MuV strains, to facilitate future molecular epidemiological studies of mumps. Oral fluid (OF) specimens (n=1441) were used to detect both anti-MuV IgM and MuV genome, and the results indicate that OF specimens can be used successfully for diagnosis and have the potential to play a valuable role in diagnosis and surveillance of mumps.

Base Sequence↗