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Biomedical subjects

Joe Miller

Publications and source records attributed to Joe Miller.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

Nursing admissions process redesigned to leverage EHR.

Among the challenges facing nurses in acute care facilities are duplicate documentation, complex rules for coordinating care, and pressure to accelerate patient discharge. Christiana Care, a two-hospital, 900-bed health system in Delaware, redesigned its nursing admissions process to address these issues and provide a centralized source of assessment information. An interdisciplinary team redesigned the assessment process to leverage the clinical documentation, decision support, and workflow tools of Christiana Care's evolving electronic health record. Nurses use a wireless device at the patient's bedside to enter admission information. A series of decision-support rules evaluate the information and send electronic referrals to appropriate ancillary departments. Departments electronically document interventions that can be tracked by nursing, closing the loop.A dedicated rollout coordinator and system-generated audit reports were critical to early identification and resolution of several implementation problems. The new process has not only simplified the work of nursing but led to more appropriate referrals to the ancillary departments. More than 25 percent of the patients have information imported from a previous encounter, eliminating duplicate documentation and improving patient satisfaction. Admission information also is being used to monitor and support a variety of quality efforts, including core measures.

Delaware↗

Limiting the damage.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Allografted fetal dorsal root ganglion neuronal survival in the guinea pig cochlea.

Neural grafting is a potential strategy to help restore auditory function following loss of spiral ganglion cells. As a first step towards the reconstruction of a neural pathway from the cochlea to the brainstem, we have examined the survival of fetal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons allografted into the cochlea of adult guinea pigs. In some animals implantation of DRGs was combined with a local infusion of neurotrophic substances whereas in others auditory sensory receptors were chemically destroyed prior to DRG implantation by injection of the ototoxin neomycin into the middle ear. The results show that many transplanted DRG neurons attached close to the cochlear spiral ganglion neurons. The survival of the implant was significantly increased by treatment with neurotrophic factors, but not reduced by the absence of auditory sensory structures. This study shows that implanted sensory neurons can survive heterotopic grafting immediately adjacent to the eighth cranial nerve, thereby providing a basis for further studies of the anatomical and functional influence of neural grafts in the inner ear.

Animals↗

Minimally invasive spectroscopic system for intraocular drug detection.

A novel, minimally invasive measurement technique has been developed for the detection of drugs in the anterior chamber of the eye. Presently there is no satisfactory, real-time detection method available to the ophthalmic community. Accurate determination of drug concentrations in the eye would be of great value and assistance to researchers and manufacturers of ophthalmic drugs and ocular implants, to enable a better understanding of intraocular pharmacokinetics. At present researchers use techniques of direct sampling of the aqueous humor from laboratory animal eyes into which the drug has been introduced topically or systemically. Rabbit eyes are frequently used in this context. Sampling via paracentesis is invasive, and does not yield a continuous measurement. Our approach to addressing this measurement requirement is, in effect, to turn the eye into a cuvette and use optical absorbance spectroscopy measurements to detect drug concentrations. A novel contact lens has been designed using commercial, off-the-shelf, optical design software. The lenses have been optimized to direct light across the anterior chamber of a rabbit's eye. Practical demonstration and characterization of light propagation across the eye have been undertaken and are reported. Preliminary results of the identification of drug compounds introduced into model eyes are also reported.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗

Validity and reliability of the North Carolina 6-minute cycle test.

PURPOSE: The purposes of this investigation were to determine (1) if the 6-minute cycle (6MC) test is a valid and reliable measure of physical performance in cardiac patients and (2) if physiologic responses to the 6-minute walk (6MW) and 6MC tests differ in men and women. METHODS: Subjects were 101 phase II cardiac rehabilitation patients aged 40 to 79 years. Each subject performed a maximal graded exercise test (MGXT), a 6MW test, and three 6MC tests on separate days. RESULTS: Pearson product moment correlation r values ranged from 0.78 to 0.89 (P = .001) when the three 6MC tests were compared with one another, indicating good test/retest reliability. The 6MC tests were all significantly and positively correlated to 6MW distance (P < .01), with r values ranging from 0.55 to 0.59. Each 6MC test was also correlated with maximal graded exercise test total time (P < .01), with r values ranging from 0.51 to 0.63, and with estimated maximal metabolic equivalents (P < .01), with r values ranging from 0.44 to 0.60. Although heart rate, systolic blood pressure, rate-pressure product, and rating of perceived exertion values for men were greater during the 6MC test than during the 6MW test (P < .001), no differences were seen in these parameters between tests in women (P = .166 to.260), with the exception of a greater exercise rating of perceived exertion seen during the 6MC test(P = .009). CONCLUSION: The North Carolina 6MC test seems to provide a valid and reliable measure of functional abilities in phase II cardiac rehabilitation participants. Men generally present with greater heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and rate-pressure product values during this test than do the women when compared with a standard 6MW test.

Adult↗