Biomedical subjects

John A Maluccio

Publications and source records attributed to John A Maluccio.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

The human capital study 2002-04: tracking, data collection, coverage, and attrition.

Between 2002 and 2004, the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), in collaboration with Emory University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), and the University of Pennsylvania, re-surveyed young Guatemalan adults who had, as children, been participants in a nutrition supplementation trial conducted by INCAP between 1969 and 1977. This "Human Capital Study 2002-04" complements and extends data obtained in previous studies by collecting new information on measures of physical health and well-being, schooling and cognitive ability, wealth, consumption and economic productivity, and marriage and fertility histories. This paper describes the study domains and data collection procedures. Among 2,393 members of the original sample, 1,856 (77%) were targets for enrollment. Response rates varied by gender, current place of residence, and domain of data collection, with 80% of males and 89% of females completing at least one data collection instrument. Attrition was not random and appears to be associated with a number of initial characteristics of individuals and their households that should be controlled for in future analyses. We conclude that data collection was successful and data quality is high, facilitating the successful undertaking of our planned investigation of important study hypotheses.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Social and economic development and change in four Guatemalan villages: demographics, schooling, occupation, and assets.

This article uses census data and village histories to examine changes over the last 35 years in the four villages where the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) Longitudinal Study (1969-77) was conducted and offers a rare picture of development and change in rural localities over a long period of time. In addition, by characterizing the environment in which the subjects of this study were raised, we provide context for and inputs into quantitative analyses of data collected at various points in time on these subjects. The villages have undergone massive demographic, social, and economic change. Initial differences have conditioned many of these changes, especially differences associated with agricultural potential and location. Originally these villages were rather isolated, but road and transportation access has improved substantially. The populations in the villages have more than doubled and also have aged. While marriage patterns have held steady, religious practice has changed a great deal. After many years of steady out-migration, three of the four villages are more recently experiencing net in-migration, a pattern associated with ease of access. Schooling access and outcomes also have improved, with average grades of schooling nearly tripling and literacy doubling to levels currently above national averages. Although agriculture remains an important component of individual livelihood strategies, non-agricultural sources of employment have become more important. Much of this change is associated with declining agricultural markets and increased access to non-agricultural jobs near the villages and in the capital. Accompanying these changes has been an improvement in living standards as measured by a number of indicators of household living conditions and consumer durable goods.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Levels, correlates, and differences in human, physical, and financial assets brought into marriages by young Guatemalan adults.

This article examines marriage patterns among individuals who participated as children in a nutrition supplementation trial in Guatemala and were followed up in 2002-04, at ages 25-42 years. Of all 1,062 known and alive couples, 735, or 69%, responded fully to the marriage assets questionnaire. Focus of the analysis is on the birth cohorts born prior to 1974, a total of 1,058 intervention participants, among whom four-fifths of men (82%) and of women (78%) were married at the time of the 2002-04 survey. Basic patterns are examined in current marital status, age at first marriage and related milestones, human capital assets brought to marriage (e.g., schooling attainment, cognitive ability, literacy, and pre-marital work experience), and physical assets and savings accounts brought to marriage. Measures of husbands' human capital at marriage are positively correlated with wives' human capital, but are consistently higher. Husbands also bring substantially more physical and financial assets than wives. A number of interesting patterns emerge, including (1) changes in the composition of assets that women bring to marriage from physical to human assets, (2) declining gaps in age and premarital work experience between husbands and wives, and (3) increasing gaps in schooling attainment and cognitive ability between husbands and wives. Given conflicting directions of change in spousal gaps in human, physical and financial assets, their net effect on changes over time in the bargaining power of husbands and wives is uncertain and deserves further investigation.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Household expenditures and wealth among young Guatemalan adults.

In this article, we describe expenditure and wealth patterns, indicators of long-run economic well-being, for a sample of young Guatemalan adults interviewed for the Human Capital Study 2002-04, finding a number of differences across subgroups of the sample. The main difference across birth-year cohorts is that younger subjects tend to live in smaller households, with lower total annual household expenditures (and fewer durable goods), though per capita measures are similar across cohorts. This appears to be related to life-cycle fertility patterns. There is a clear positive association between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and current levels of expenditure and durable goods ownership. This association does not hold for all households, however, as there is both upward and downward "mobility" in the sample. Those living in the capital have the highest overall wealth levels, consistent with typical rural-urban patterns. Where there are expenditure differences across groups, they tend to be driven by differences in nonfood rather than food expenditures. Lastly, the study sample is relatively well off compared with their compatriots, with a poverty rate of 35% and an extreme poverty rate of only 3%, against national averages of 56% and 15%, respectively.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Research note: A socioeconomic index for the INCAP longitudinal study 1969-77.

In this note, we calculate and describe proxy measures that account for variation in standard of living across subjects in the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) Longitudinal Study (1969-77), at the time of the original intervention. Using principal components analysis, we construct two linear indices from an array of household consumer durable goods and housing characteristics, measured at the nuclear family level in the 1975 cross-sectional census. The two indices perform well on three dimensions. First, they are internally coherent in that average ownership and quality of housing characteristics increase with the principal component score. Second, they are robust in that the different approaches yield similar results, for example, in classifying nuclear families into tertiles. And third, they are consistent in that they yield results similar to scores constructed by previous researchers. The indices can be used as background controls in analyses of the INCAP Longitudinal Study (1969-77) data and subsequent follow-up studies, including the Human Capital Study 2002-04. Several articles presented in this supplement to the Food and Nutrition Bulletin used the 1975 index.

Adult↗