Biomedical subjects

John B Amodio

Publications and source records attributed to John B Amodio.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Localized persistent interstitial pulmonary emphysema presenting as a spontaneous tension pneumothorax in a full term infant.

Persistent interstitial pulmonary emphysema (PIPE) is a syndrome characterized by air-leakage in the perivascular tissues of the lung, primarily affecting mechanically ventilated neonates. Reports in the literature of infants developing PIPE with no history of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or mechanical ventilation are scarce. Here, we present a case of a 3-month-old former full term male infant with no history of RDS or mechanical ventilation who presented with focal cystic lung disease associated with spontaneous tension pneumothorax. He was ultimately found to have PIPE based on pathologic evaluation of the resected cystic region. We believe that focal PIPE should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic lung disease in a full term, unventilated infant, even when spontaneous pneumothorax is the presenting entity.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

Appendicitis in children: low-dose CT with a phantom-based simulation technique--initial observations.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine the accuracy of low-dose (20-mAs) computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children by using a technique that enables the simulation of human CT scans acquired at a lower tube current given the image acquired at a standard dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, informed consent was not required, and the study was HIPAA compliant. The authors reviewed 100 standard-dose pediatric abdominal-pelvic CT scans (50 positive and 50 negative scans) obtained in 100 patients and corresponding simulated low-dose (20-mAs) scans. The standard-dose scans were obtained for evaluation in patients suspected of having appendicitis. Scans were reviewed in randomized order by four experienced pediatric radiologists. The patients with positive findings included 21 girls (mean age, 9.2 years) and 29 boys (mean age, 8.4 years). The patients with negative findings included 28 girls (mean age, 9.2 years) and 22 boys (mean age, 8.4 years). Simulation was achieved by adding noise patterns from repeated 20-mAs scans of a pediatric pelvis phantom to the original scans obtained with a standard tube current. Observers recorded their confidence in the diagnosis of appendicitis by using a six-point scale. Dose-related changes were analyzed with generalized estimating equations and the nonparametric sign test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant (P < .001, sign test) decrease in both sensitivity and accuracy with a lower tube current, from 91.5% with the original tube current to 77% with the lower tube current. A low dose was the only statistically significant (P < .001) risk factor for a false-negative result. The specificity was unchanged at 94% for both the images obtained with the original tube current and the simulated low-dose images. The overall accuracy decreased from 92% with the original dose to 86% with the low dose. CONCLUSION: Preliminary findings indicate that it is feasible to optimize the CT dose used to evaluate appendicitis in children by using phantom-based computer simulations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Metanephric adenoma in an 8-year-old child: case report and review of the literature.

Metanephric adenoma (MA) is a renal tumor that is rarely found in children. We present a case of MA that was incidentally discovered in an 8-year-old child on computed tomography. We also review the literature regarding this lesion in the pediatric population. There are certain imaging features of MA that may suggest the diagnosis preoperatively. Metanephric adenoma is often hyperechoic on sonography, hyperdense on noncontrast computed tomography scans, and of low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Nephron sparring surgery has been performed in several cases. However, the distinction of MA from other metanephric lesions as well as from Wilms' tumor and papillary renal cell carcinoma may not be readily apparent at the time of surgery.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2004

Primary bacterial peritonitis in otherwise healthy children: imaging findings.

We report the imaging findings of two recent cases of primary bacterial peritonitis in otherwise healthy children with a clinical presentation mimicking acute appendicitis. Primary bacterial peritonitis is rare in the absence of underlying systemic disease. Although it has been described in the pediatric literature, the imaging findings have not been described in the radiological literature to the best of our knowledge. With imaging playing an increasing role in the evaluation of appendicitis in children, it is important for the radiologist to be familiar with this inflammatory process.

Appendicitis↗

PubMed2004

Polyorchidism: report of 3 cases and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the embryologic, clinical, sonographic, and magnetic resonance imaging features of polyorchidism and to review the literature on similar cases. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, we encountered 3 patients who were found to have polyorchidism on scrotal sonography. All 3 patients had a painless scrotal mass. Two patients also had magnetic resonance imaging of the scrotum, and the results were correlated with the sonograms. We also performed a literature search for other reports of polyorchidism. RESULTS: One patient had 2 right testicles and a single left testicle. The second patient had 3 left testicles and 1 right testicle. In the third patient, who had 2 left testicles and 1 right testicle, microlithiasis was found in all 3 testes. The supernumerary testes were within the scrotum in all cases. All testicles were identified by sonography. Magnetic resonance imaging in 2 cases provided confirmatory data regarding the presence of an extra testicle but did not add other relevant information. Conservative treatment was chosen in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Polyorchidism is a rare congenital anomaly. There are characteristic sonographic features of polyorchidism, and the diagnosis is often made on the basis of sonography. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used for confirmation but may be more helpful in cases complicated by cryptorchism or neoplasia. Conservative treatment is advised in uncomplicated cases.

Adolescent↗