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Biomedical subjects

John E Crews

Publications and source records attributed to John E Crews.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Framing the public health of caregiving.

Caregiving has only recently been acknowledged by the nation as an important topic for millions of Americans. A psychological or sociological approach to care-giving services has been most often applied, with little attention to the population-based public health outcomes of caregivers. We conceptualize caregiving as an emerging public health issue involving complex and fluctuating roles. We contend that caregiving must be considered in the context of life span needs that vary according to the ages, developmental levels, mental health needs, and physical health demands of both caregivers and care recipients.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Tritrichomonas foetus.

Tritrichomonas foetus is a venereal disease of cattle that has a clear pattern of adverse reproductive sequela in the affected female, with a carrier state in the bull in which he shows no outward signs. Given sexual rest and symptomatic treatment, the female returns to reproductive viability. In contrast, the male remains infective and is a risk to other female contacts. Prevention of the disease relies on excluding infected males and females from the population of susceptible cattle. Control of this disease requires a plan to identify, isolate, and treat infected females, and eliminate or cull infected males. Improvements in culture technique and the application of newer methods, such as polymerase chain reaction, enhance the likelihood of detecting infected animals.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed2004

Epidemiology of Tritrichomonas foetus in beef bull populations in Florida.

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of herd and individual bull infection with Tritrichomonas foetus in a survey of beef bulls in the state of Florida and to perform an epidemiological investigation of risk factors for the disease. Bulls were tested for T. foetus colonization by a single preputial scraping and culture. Bull infection prevalence within herds was calculated and relationships with bull, herd factors, and production measurements were determined. The survey included 1984 beef bulls in 59 herds throughout Florida; nine bulls in three small herds (<100 cows) were later excluded from the models. An overall prevalence for T. foetus-infected bulls was 6.0% (within-herd prevalence ranged from 0 to 27%). The herd prevalence was 30.4% (i.e. at least one infected bull); infected bulls were found in 11.1 and 39.5% of herds sampled in North and South Florida, respectively. The likelihood of disease was greatest in larger herds in more extensive management settings (> or = 500 cows, 53.9% prevalence; medium-sized herds of 100-499 cows, 10.0% prevalence). Tritrichomonas foetus infection was associated with several bull factors, including age, breed, herd, and herd management practices (bull-to-cow ratio, bulls per breeding group). Tritrichomonas foetus infection continues to be prevalent in beef herds in Florida that use natural service.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Vision impairment and hearing loss among community-dwelling older Americans: implications for health and functioning.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the health, activity, and social participation of people aged 70 years or older with vision impairment, hearing loss, or both. METHODS: We examined the 1994 Second Supplement on Aging to determine the health and activities of these 3 groups compared with those without sensory loss. We calculated odds ratios and classified variables according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework. RESULTS: Older people with only hearing loss reported disparities in health, activities, and social roles; those with only vision impairment reported greater disparities; and those with both reported the greatest disparities. CONCLUSIONS: A hierarchical pattern emerged as impairments predicted consistent disparities in activities and social participation. This population's patterns of health and activities have public health implications.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

Redefining the role of public health in disability.

The stated mission of current public health activities is to prevent mortality, morbidity, and disability. Though this mission is a noble challenge, attention is now being drawn to that group of the public who are not prevented from living with a disability. This chapter seeks to redefine the functions of public health in the field of disability. It describes the changing demographics of disability and provides a framework for addressing the complex issues associated with defining disability. Finally, we outline a strategy for stronger and clearer public health presence to improve the health and well-being of people with disabilities.

Chronic Disease↗