Recurrent gallstone ileus: case report.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
John MacFarlane
Publications and source records attributed to John MacFarlane.
Short-course preoperative radiation therapy for operable rectal cancer.
BACKGROUND: Short course neoadjuvant radiation has been shown to provide improved local control of rectal cancer in a clinical trial population even in the presence of standardized surgical techniques. However, this use of hypofractionated radiotherapy has been limited in North America owing to concerns over toxicity. METHODS: Patients considered to have locally advanced rectal carcinoma received a radiation dose of 25 Gy given in five fractions to the posterior pelvis. Definitive surgery was then performed within 2 weeks. Retrospective analysis was performed. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients, of whom 60 were assessable, were treated with preoperative short course radiotherapy at the British Columbia Cancer Agency between 1991 and 1998, and 97% proceeded to R0 resection. Local recurrence developed in 3 patients (5%). Five-year actuarial overall and relapse-free survival rates for the group were 71% and 69%, respectively. The actuarial rates of relapse-free survival by stage at 5 years were stage 1 83%, stage II 75%, stage III 62%, and stage 4 0%. Eleven patients (18%) experienced a postoperative complication. CONCLUSION: Short course preoperative radiotherapy for operable rectal cancer can be delivered to a general population and produce high pelvic control rates with acceptable toxicity.
Adult↗
[Miasmas, germs and doctors: the diffusion of ancient and new ideas in the Union médicale du Canada: the case of typhoid fever (1872-1900)].
The final decades of the 19th century have become known as a period of important transition in the medical world. New discoveries revolutionized the way diseases were seen and fought. Germs, not miasmas, caused disease and sanitary measures of prevention not miracle treatments controlled them. The articles in l'Union médicale du Canada, from 1872 to 1900 concerning typhoid fever reveal that doctors rapidly accepted some important innovations. However, when it came to innovations refuting their former theories or risking to jeopardize their popularity with the public, certain doctors hesitated to adopt the new theories. This study presents the coexistance of new ideas with the older ideas, which continued to be presented, sometimes years after important discoveries. This paper looks at how they were finally won over to the newer ideas.
Canada↗