Biomedical subjects

John R. Hughes

Publications and source records attributed to John R. Hughes.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

The Mozart Effect: Additional Data.

After the review of the Mozart effect was published in this journal (Hughes JR. Epilepsy Behav 2001;2:369-417), additional data from the music of Haydn and Liszt have been analyzed that may account for the decrease in seizure activity originally reported during Mozart music. Even with these added data Mozart music continued to score significantly higher than the selections from the other six composers in one of the important characteristics of this music, namely, the repetition of the melody. However Haydn's values were second highest among Mozart, J. S. Bach, Wagner, Beethoven, Chopin, and Liszt.

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PubMed2002

To the Editor:

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PubMed2001

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PubMed2001

The Mozart Effect.

This review deals with the Mozart Effect, an improvement of performance while listening to Mozart music. Previous studies have shown improved spatial temporal reasoning and improved IQ test results and neurophysiological changes, mainly increased coherence among different groups of subjects. This review emphasizes the effect on epileptiform patterns, both generalized and focal; provides an example of a chronic effect over a period of 1-2 days; addresses the distinctive aspects of the music to account for this phenomenon and shows that long-term periodicity in the power of the music is a special quality; and deals with the melodic line and shows that Mozart repeats the melodic line much more frequently than other well-known composers. It is likely that the superorganization of the cerebral cortex resonates with great organization found in Mozart music.

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PubMed2001

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PubMed2000

The Electroencephalogram in Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder: Emphasis on Epileptiform Discharges.

This study dealt with the electroencephalograms (EEGs) of 176 children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Of special interest were the patients who had in their EEG some type of spike activity (spike group), in contrast with those without such activity (control group). In the entire group, 27.8% were completely normal and an additional 18.8% had positive spikes as their only finding. Definite noncontroversial, epileptiform activity was seen in 30.1%, mainly focal (usually occipital or temporal), less often generalized, with bilaterally synchronous spike and waves complexes seen in 11 children. Extreme spindles or diffuse slow waves occurred only in the spike group (one exception in each) and slow wave abnormalities (mainly frontal or temporal), nearly always mild in degree, were seen mainly in the spike group. These different findings suggest that ADHD is a condition often with organic changes in the form of EEG abnormality, at times with epileptiform activity that could contribute to a deficit in attention or a plethora of movements.

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