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Jonathan D Buckley

Publications and source records attributed to Jonathan D Buckley.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Identification of a PAX-FKHR gene expression signature that defines molecular classes and determines the prognosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas.

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS) are aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas affecting children and young adults. Most ARMS tumors express the PAX3-FKHR or PAX7-FKHR (PAX-FKHR) fusion genes resulting from the t(2;13) or t(1;13) chromosomal translocations, respectively. However, up to 25% of ARMS tumors are fusion negative, making it unclear whether ARMS represent a single disease or multiple clinical and biological entities with a common phenotype. To test to what extent PAX-FKHR determine class and behavior of ARMS, we used oligonucleotide microarray expression profiling on 139 primary rhabdomyosarcoma tumors and an in vitro model. We found that ARMS tumors expressing either PAX-FKHR gene share a common expression profile distinct from fusion-negative ARMS and from the other rhabdomyosarcoma variants. We also observed that PAX-FKHR expression above a minimum level is necessary for the detection of this expression profile. Using an ectopic PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR expression model, we identified an expression signature regulated by PAX-FKHR that is specific to PAX-FKHR-positive ARMS tumors. Data mining for functional annotations of signature genes suggested a role for PAX-FKHR in regulating ARMS proliferation and differentiation. Cox regression modeling identified a subset of genes within the PAX-FKHR expression signature that segregated ARMS patients into three risk groups with 5-year overall survival estimates of 7%, 48%, and 93%. These prognostic classes were independent of conventional clinical risk factors. Our results show that PAX-FKHR dictate a specific expression signature that helps define the molecular phenotype of PAX-FKHR-positive ARMS tumors and, because it is linked with disease outcome in ARMS patients, determine tumor behavior.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2006

Weight loss improves heart rate recovery in overweight and obese men with features of the metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Heart rate recovery (HRR) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, but whether it is modifiable and can improve with weight loss is unclear. We sought to determine the effects of weight loss on HRR and its association with traditional CVD risk markers. METHODS: Heart rate recovery (defined as the decrease in heart rate from peak heart rate to that measured 1 minute after a standardized graded treadmill test) and a range of established cardiovascular risk factors were measured in 42 overweight and obese men (body mass index 33.8 +/- 0.6 kg/m2, mean age 46.5 +/- 1.3 years) who had no symptoms of CVD but had components of the metabolic syndrome before and after 12 weeks of weight loss. RESULTS: There was a 9% weight reduction (P < .001), with losses of 6.3 +/- 0.6 kg of fat mass (P < .001) and 3.1 +/- 0.6 kg of non-bone fat-free mass (P < .001). There were significant reductions in waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio, C-reactive protein, plasma insulin, glucose, and insulin resistance (P < .05). Although peak heart rate remained unchanged, HRR at 1 minute improved from 33.1 +/- 1.4 to 36.9 +/- 1.3 beats/min (P < .001) after weight loss. There was no change in cardiorespiratory fitness (P = .30); neither was there any change in physical activity levels (P = .67). The improvement in HRR was significantly correlated with decreases in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio; however, it was only independently associated with changes in weight and plasma glucose concentrations. CONCLUSION: In addition to improving a range of well-accepted cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, weight loss also improves HRR after exercise, a less recognized risk factor.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of three bioelectrical impedance methods with DXA in overweight and obese men.

OBJECTIVE: To compare bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition using three different methods against DXA in overweight and obese men. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Forty-three healthy overweight or obese men (ages 25 to 60 years; BMI, 28 to 43 kg/m(2)) underwent BIA assessment of body composition using the ImpediMed SFB7 (version 6; ImpediMed, Ltd., Eight Mile Plains, Queensland, Australia) in multifrequency mode (Imp-MF) and DF50 single-frequency mode (Imp-SF) and the Tanita UltimateScale (Tanita Corp., Tokyo, Japan). Validity was assessed by comparison against DXA using linear regression and limits of agreement analysis. RESULTS: All three BIA methods showed good relative agreement with DXA [Imp-MF: fat mass (FM), r(2) = 0.81; fat-free mass (FFM), r(2) = 0.81; percentage body fat (BF%), r(2) = 0.69; Imp-SF: FM, r(2) = 0.65; FFM, r(2) = 0.76; BF%, r(2) = 0.40; Tanita: BF%, r(2) = 0.44; all p < 0.001]. Absolute agreement between DXA and Imp-MF was poor, as indicated by a large bias and wide limits of agreement (bias, +/-1.96 standard deviation; FM, -6.6 +/- 7.7 kg; FFM, 8.0 +/- 7.1 kg; BF%, -7.0 +/- 6.6%). Imp-SF and Tanita exhibited a smaller bias but wide limits of agreement (Imp-SF: FM, -1.1 +/- 8.5 kg; FFM, 2.5 +/- 7.9 kg; BF%, -1.7 +/- 7.3%; Tanita: BF%, 1.2 +/- 9.5%). DISCUSSION: Compared with DXA, Imp-MF produced large bias and wide limits of agreement, and its accuracy estimating body composition in overweight or obese men was poor. Imp-SF and Tanita demonstrated little bias and may be useful for group comparisons, but their utility for assessment of body composition in individuals is limited.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

Dose-dependent inhibition of the post-prandial glycaemic response to a standard carbohydrate meal following incorporation of alpha-cyclodextrin.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the dose-response effects of alpha-cyclodextrin, a cyclic oligosaccharide, on the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to the consumption of a standard carbohydrate meal. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomised, cross-over design, 10 healthy subjects consumed boiled white rice containing 50 g of digestible carbohydrate to which 0 (control), 2, 5 or 10 g of alpha-cyclodextrin was added. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were determined prior to and for 2 h after consumption of each meal. RESULTS: The area under the plasma glucose curve was negatively related to the dose of alpha-cyclodextrin (r(2)=0.97, p=0.02), with the areas being significantly reduced at the 5- and 10-gram doses compared with the control (p<0.05). alpha-Cyclodextrin did not affect the area under the plasma insulin curve (p=0.39). Higher doses of alpha-cyclodextrin resulted in greater satiety, but were associated with reduced palatability and an increased incidence of minor gastrointestinal complaints (stomach ache, nausea, bloating). CONCLUSION: alpha-Cyclodextrin reduces the glycaemic response to a standard carbohydrate meal in a dose-dependent manner and may be useful as an ingredient for reducing the glycaemic impact of such foods.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Parental exposure to medications and hydrocarbons and ras mutations in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.

Ras proto-oncogene mutations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many malignancies, including leukemia. While both human and animal studies have linked several chemical carcinogens to specific ras mutations, little data exist regarding the association of ras mutations with parental exposures and risk of childhood leukemia. Using data from a large case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; age <15 years) conducted by the Children's Cancer Group, we used a case-case comparison approach to examine whether reported parental exposure to hydrocarbons at work or use of specific medications are related to ras gene mutations in the leukemia cells of children with ALL. DNA was extracted from archived bone marrow slides or cryopreserved marrow samples for 837 ALL cases. We examined mutations in K-ras and N-ras genes at codons 12, 13, and 61 by PCR and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization and confirmed them by DNA sequencing. We interviewed mothers and, if available, fathers by telephone to collect exposure information. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from logistic regression to examine the association of parental exposures with ras mutations. A total of 127 (15.2%) cases had ras mutations (K-ras 4.7% and N-ras 10.68%). Both maternal (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.7-6.1) and paternal (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.7) reported use of mind-altering drugs were associated with N-ras mutations. Paternal use of amphetamines or diet pills was associated with N-ras mutations (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.1-15.0); no association was observed with maternal use. Maternal exposure to solvents (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.0-9.7) and plastic materials (OR 6.9, 95% CI 1.2-39.7) during pregnancy and plastic materials after pregnancy (OR 8.3, 95% CI 1.4-48.8) were related to K-ras mutation. Maternal ever exposure to oil and coal products before case diagnosis (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.8) and during the postnatal period (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0-5.5) and paternal exposure to plastic materials before index pregnancy (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.1) and other hydrocarbons during the postnatal period (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-1.3) were associated with N-ras mutations. This study suggests that parental exposure to specific chemicals may be associated with distinct ras mutations in children who develop ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Bovine colostrum supplementation does not affect plasma buffer capacity or haemoglobin content in elite female rowers.

It has been reported that bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation improves buffer capacity (beta) during exercise, but whether the improvement results from changes in tissue and/or blood buffer systems has not been determined. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of supplementation with BC on blood buffer systems. Thirteen elite females rowers were supplemented with 60 g.day(-1) of either BC ( n=6) or whey protein (WP, n=7) during 9 weeks of pre-competition training in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design. All subjects undertook the study as a group and completed the same training program. Resting haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and plasma buffer capacity (pbeta) (determined by titration with HCl) were measured pre- and post-supplementation. There were no differences in macronutrient intakes ( P>0.56) or training volumes ( P>0.99) between BC and WP during the study period. There were no differences in Hb [BC 13.28 (0.28) mg.dl(-1), WP 13.70 (0.26) mg.dl(-1); P=0.45] or pbeta [BC 14.8 (1.1) nmol HCl.ml(-1).pH(-1), WP 14.8 (0.5) nmol HCl.ml(-1).pH(-1); P=0.68] between groups at week 0. pbeta increased in both groups during the study period ( P<0.001), but the increases were not significantly different between groups ( P=0.52). Hb did not change significantly in either group ( P=0.35). These data indicate that supplementation with BC does not affect pbeta or Hb. We therefore suggest that adaptations in tissue buffer systems are responsible for the previously reported increases in buffer capacity that result from BC supplementation.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2003

Effect of bovine colostrum supplementation on the composition of resistance trained and untrained limbs in healthy young men.

This study examined the effect of bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation on the tissue composition of resistance trained (T) and untrained (UT) limbs. Using a double-blind design, subjects were randomly allocated to 60 g day(-1) of BC ( n=17) or whey protein (WP) ( n=17) during 8 weeks of resistance training of the elbow flexors (EF) of their non-dominant arm (T). Axial magnetic resonance images of both upper arms, maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVC) of EF, and the one repetition maximum (1RM) for bicep curls were measured pre- and post-supplementation. There were no differences in macronutrient intakes ( P>0.28) or the volume of training completed by T ( P=0.98) between the two groups. T of BC experienced a significantly greater increase in circumference [BC 2.3 (3.0)%, WP 0.0 (4.2)%; P=0.05] and cross-sectional area (CSA) [BC 4.2 (6.0)%, WP -0.2 (8.3)%; P=0.05] compared with WP, due principally to a greater increase in skin and subcutaneous fat (SSF) CSA [BC 5.5 (10.9)%, WP -2.7 (14.1)%; P=0.03]. No tissue compartment changed significantly in UT of either group ( P>0.05). MVC and 1RM increased for T and UT in both groups ( P<0.05), but the increases were not different between groups ( P>0.32). Since the SSF compartment increased in T but not UT, and fat turnover in adipocytes is under hormonal control and would not be localised to one arm, we suggest that the increase in SSF CSA in T of BC may have been due to an increase in skin CSA, rather than fat.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Concentrated bovine colostrum protein supplementation reduces the incidence of self-reported symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection in adult males.

BACKGROUND: Anecdotal reports suggest that bovine colostrum may prevent upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). There is scant evidence to support such claims, although salivary IgA protects against URTI, and it was recently shown that bovine colostrum increases salivary IgA. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present invesigation examined whether concentrated bovine colostrum protein (CBC) affected the incidence or duration of self-reported symptoms of URTI in adult males. METHODS: We examined logbooks containing self-reported symptoms of illness from previous studies which examined physiological effects of CBC. In these double-blind, placebo controlled studies, subjects had been randomly allocated to consume 60g. day(-1) of CBC (n = 93) or whey protein (WP) (n = 81) for eight weeks. Symptoms were coded using established criteria to identify those related to URTI. Since the incubation period for an URTI is up to five days, symptoms reported during the first week of supplementation (PRE-EXP) were analysed separately to preclude those arising from infection prior to study commencement. RESULTS: During PRE-EXP, there was no difference in the proportion of subjects taking the different supplements who reported symptoms of URTI (CBC, 11%,WP, 5%; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) -14% to 2%; P = 0.16). During the subsequent seven weeks (i. e. the experimental period), a significantly lesser proportion of subjects taking CBC reported symptoms of URTI compared with those taking WP (CBC, 32%,WP, 48%, P = 0.03; 95 % CI -30 % to -2 %), but symptom duration did not differ (CBC, 6.8 +/- 4.2 days,WP, 6.0 +/- 4.4 days; P = 0.27). CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary evidence that CBC may enhance resistance to the development of symptoms of URTI.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Effect of bovine colostrum on anaerobic exercise performance and plasma insulin-like growth factor I.

In this study, we examined the effects of bovine colostrum on peak vertical jump power (VJpeak), peak cycle power (CPpeak), alactic anaerobic work capacity, resistance exercise one-repetition maxima (1-RM) and plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, 51 males completed 8 weeks of resistance and plyometric training while consuming 60 g x day(-1) of bovine colostrum (n = 26) or concentrated whey protein powder (n = 25). Peak vertical jump power, peak cycle power, alactic anaerobic work capacity, 1-RM and plasma IGF-I were not different between groups at baseline (P > 0.33). Peak vertical jump power and peak cycle power were still not significantly different between groups by week 4 (VJpeak: bovine colostrum, 7231 +/- 488 W; whey protein, 7214 +/- 530 W; P = 0.99; CPpeak: bovine colostrum, 1272 +/- 202 W; whey protein, 1232 +/- 208 W; P = 0.99). By week 8, however, peak vertical jump power (bovine colostrum, 7370 +/- 503 W; whey powder, 7237 +/- 481 W; 95% confidence intervals, 54 to 170 W; P < 0.01) and peak cycle power (bovine colostrum, 1400 +/- 215 W; whey protein, 1311 +/- 192 W; 95% confidence intervals, 20 to 61 W; P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the bovine colostrum condition. Alactic anaerobic work capacity and 1-RM increased (P < 0.001), but the increases were not different between groups (P > 0.08). Plasma IGF-I did not change in either group (P = 0.55). We conclude that bovine colostrum supplementation during training significantly increased peak anaerobic power, but had no effect on alactic anaerobic work capacity, 1-RM or plasma IGF-I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Extramedullary leukemia in children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group.

OBJECTIVES: To describe features of patients with acute myeloid leukemia presenting with extramedullary leukemic tumors (EML). METHODS: Among 1,832 patients entered on Children's Cancer Group's chemotherapy trials with acute myeloid leukemia, 199 patients had EML, defined as any leukemic collection outside the bone marrow cavity. Three patient groups were denoted: group 1 (n=109) with EML involving skin (with or without other sites of EML), group 2 (n=90) with EML in sites other than skin, and group 3 (n=1,633) without EML. RESULTS: The incidence of EML was 10.9%. Group 1 patients tended to be younger, had higher white blood cell counts, were more often CNS positive, had FAB M4 or M5 subtypes, and possessed more abnormalities of chromosome 11 than group 3 patients. Group 2 patients were younger, more often had the FAB M2 subtype, and had a higher incidence of t(8;21)(q22;q22) abnormality than group 3, but had similar white blood cell counts and incidence of CNS positivity at diagnosis. For group 1 the 5-year event-free survival was 26%, significantly worse than for group 3 at 29%. Event-free survival was better for group 2 patients (5-year estimate 46%), which remained a favorable prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. The authors retrospectively determined whether 118 (59%) of the EML patients received localized radiotherapy to the site of EML: 42 did and 76 did not. There were no differences in estimated event-free survival between patients who did and did not receive radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Non-skin (group 2) EML appeared to be an independent favorable prognostic factor. Localized radiotherapy to the site of EML at the end of induction chemotherapy did not improve outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Parental medication use and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) associated with parental medication use. As part of a large case-control study conducted by the Children's Cancer Group, we evaluated the association between maternal and paternal medication use and the risk of ALL in offspring. METHODS: Information on selected medication use in the year before and during the index pregnancy was obtained by telephone interview. Participants included 1842 children of 14 years or younger with newly diagnosed and immunophenotypically defined ALL and 1986 individually matched controls. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and stratified by immunophenotypes of ALL and age at diagnosis of cases. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders and other medication use, we found that maternal use of vitamins (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7, 99% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5-1.0) and iron supplements (OR = 0.8, 99% CI: 0.7-1.0) only during the index pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of ALL. Parental use of amphetamines or diet pills and mind-altering drugs before and during the index pregnancy was related to an increased risk of childhood ALL, particularly among children where both parents reported using these drugs (OR = 2.8, 99% CI: 0.5-15.6 for amphetamines or diet pills, OR = 1.8, 99% CI: 1.1-3.0 for mind-altering drugs). Stratified analyses showed that maternal use of antihistamines or allergic remedies and parental use of mind-altering drugs were strongly associated with infant ALL, whereas patterns of association between childhood ALL and parental medication use did not influence markedly the immunophenotypic subgroup of ALL. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that certain parental medication use immediately before and during the index pregnancy may influence risk of ALL in offspring.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Prospective study of 90 children requiring treatment for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome: a report from the Children's Cancer Group.

PURPOSE: We report the first large prospective study of children with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) treated in a uniform fashion on Children's Cancer Group protocol 2891. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety children with JMML, various forms of MDS, or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with antecedent MDS were treated with a five-drug induction regimen (standard or intensive timing). Patients achieving remission were allocated to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) if a matched family donor was available. All other patients were randomized between autologous BMT and aggressive nonmyeloablative chemotherapy. Results were compared with patients with de novo AML. RESULTS: Patients with JMML and refractory anemia (RA) or RA-excess blasts (RAEB) exhibited high induction failure rates and overall remission of 58% and 48%, respectively. Remission rates for patients with RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T) (69%) or antecedent MDS (81%) were similar to de novo AML (77%). Actuarial survival rates at 6 years were as follows: JMML, 31% +/- 26%; RA and RAEB, 29% +/- 16%; RAEB-T, 30% +/- 18%; antecedent MDS, 50% +/- 25%; and de novo AML, 45% +/- 3%. For patients achieving remission, long-term survivors were found in those receiving either allogeneic BMT or chemotherapy. The presence of monosomy 7 had no additional adverse effect on MDS and JMML. CONCLUSION: Childhood subtypes of MDS and JMML represent distinct entities with distinct clinical outcomes. Children with a history of MDS who present with AML do well with AML-type therapy. Patients with RA or RAEB respond poorly to AML induction therapy. The optimum treatment for JMML remains unknown.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2002

Birth characteristics, maternal reproductive history, hormone use during pregnancy, and risk of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia by immunophenotype (United States).

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of birth characteristics and maternal reproductive factors with risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by immunophenotypic subtypes. METHODS: Data collected from a case-control study including 1842 ALL cases (age < 15 years) and 1986 individually matched controls were analyzed. Exposure information was obtained through telephone interviews of parents. RESULTS: Factors associated with risk of ALL from all subgroups combined included high birth weight (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.8), high birth order (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.3-3.0 for fourth-born child compared to first-born child). young maternal age (<20 compared to 25-29, OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.9), advanced paternal age (>39 compared to 25-29, OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.0-1.9), induced abortion prior to the index pregnancy (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.0-1.4), and oral contraceptive use during the index pregnancy (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.2) with children under the age of 2 (OR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.0-24.7) being the predominantly affected group. Risk of early pre-B-cell ALL increased with advanced paternal age (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1-2.7) and high birth order (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1-3.6), while risk of pre-B-cell ALL increased with both younger (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.4-8.4) and advanced maternal age (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.1-5.9). T-cell ALL was associated with high birth weight (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.1-5.5) and history of induced abortion (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.3-4.5). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the association of ALL with birth characteristics and maternal reproductive factors varies with the immunophenotype of the ALL. Future studies are needed to better understand the effect of maternal hormone in the development of subtype of childhood ALL.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2002

Maximal oxygen uptake and lactate metabolism are normal in chronic fatigue syndrome.

PURPOSE: Previous studies in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have reported reductions in maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)), yet often the testing procedures have not followed accepted guidelines, and gender data have been pooled. The present study was undertaken to reevaluate exercise capacity in CFS patients by using "gold standard" maximal exercise testing methodology and stratifying results on a gender basis. METHODS: Sixteen male and 17 female CFS patients and their gender-, age-, and mass-matched sedentary controls performed incremental exercise to volitional exhaustion on a stationary cycle ergometer while selected cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables were measured. RESULTS: VO(2max) in male CFS patients was not different from control values (CFS: 40.5 +/- 6.7; controls: 43.3 +/- 8.6; mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and was 96.3 +/- 17.9% of the age-predicted value, indicating no functional aerobic impairment (3.7 +/- 17.9%). In female CFS patients, VO(2max) was lower than control values (CFS: 30.0 +/- 4.7; controls: 34.2 +/- 5.6; mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), P = 0.002), but controls were higher than the age-predicted value (112.6 +/- 15.4%, P = 0.008) whereas the CFS patients were 101.2 +/- 20.4%, indicating no functional aerobic impairment (-1.2 +/- 20.4%). Maximal heart rate (HR(max)) in male CFS patients was lower than their matched controls (CFS: 184 +/- 10; controls: 192 +/- 12; beats x min(-1); P = 0.016) but was 99.1 +/- 5.5% of their age-predicted value. In female CFS patients, HR(max) was not different from controls (CFS: 183 +/- 11; controls: 186 +/- 10; beats x min(-1)) and was 98.9 +/- 5.1% of the age-predicted value. The VO(2) at the lactate threshold (LT) in each gender group, whether expressed in mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) or as a percentage of VO(2max), was not different between CFS patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to most previous reports, the present study found that VO(2max), HR(max), and the LT in CFS patients of both genders were not different from the values expected in healthy sedentary individuals of a similar age.

Adult↗