Biomedical subjects

José Luis Arribas Llorente

Publications and source records attributed to José Luis Arribas Llorente.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[EPINETAC study].

Daily, health professionals face biological risks, which have important repercussions for their own health, while performing their professional duties. A system which records data that quantifies and specifies the causes of work place accidents, the instruments most frequently involved in accidents, the professional categories having the greatest exposure, the tasks most at risk and the types of lesions is fundamental in order to grasp the true dimensions of these problems related to accidents and serum-borne disease transmission. Such a data base-could lead to the necessity, and highlight the importance, to increase preventive and protective measures for health personnel. To meet this objective, the EPINETAC project has been developed thanks to the information provided by 106 centers having various degrees of participation during the different years this study has taken.

Humans↗

PubMed2004

[Risk injuries at operating and delivery rooms. EPINETAC Project 1996-2000].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Surgical areas have long been considered risky with regard to occupational exposures to blood-borne pathogens. The objective of study was to describe and evaluate the risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens at operating and delivery rooms, from reports of injuries in health care workers. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Transversal study of percutaneous injuries occurring in operating and delivery rooms which were registered in the Spanish surveillance system EPINETAC (Exposure Prevention Information Network Accidents) between 1996 and 2000. We recorded data from the exposed health care worker, from the accident itself and from the exposure source. The risk of exposition was calculated by logistic regression. The dependent variable was the exposition in operating/delivery rooms. We calculated the rate of exposure, total and by occupational categories, per 10,000 surgical procedures in 3 surgical specialties. RESULTS: There were 3,625 percutaneous injuries reported. The exposure risk was higher in midwives [OR 36.6 (CI 95% 19.61-68.52)] than in staff [OR 12.6 (CI 95% 10.21-15.71)] or training doctors [OR 12.8 (CI 95% 10.34-15.98)]. The highest risk turned up during use of material [OR 1.37 (CI 95% 1.05-1.79)] and during preparation of material for reuse [OR 1.81 (CI 95% 1.27-2.59)]. The exposure rate, in gynecologic procedures, was 34.36 injuries per 10,000, in digestive surgery it was 24.61 per 10,000, and in trauma surgery it was 18.92 per 10,000 surgical procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens in staff and training doctors was higher in operating and delivery rooms than in others areas. Obstetric and gynecologic procedures exhibited the highest risk of exposure.

Accidents, Occupational↗

PubMed2004

[Occupational exposures to blood and biological material in healthcare workers. EPINETAC Project 1996-2000].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The bloodborne injury is the most frequent risk in healthcare workers. Among them, the hollow-bore needlesticks are the most associated with the risk of acquire a bloodborne infection. In this study, occupational percutaneous injuries and risk factors associated to hollow-bore needlesticks registered in a national multicenter surveillance system are described. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Prospective and analytical study of percutaneous injuries registered in the surveillance system EPINETAC (Exposure Prevention Information Network) in Spain between 1996-200. A descriptive analysis of the variables related to the exposed healthcare worker, the exposure and their mechanism and the source patient is performed. The incidence rates were calculated by 100 occupied beds and by job category. A multivariable analysis is performed in order to know the risk factors most associated to hollow-bore needle. RESULTS: 16,374 percutaneous injuries has been registered, which 87% are hollow-bore needlesticks. The incidence rate has been 11.8 expositions per 100 occupied beds. Midwives are the most risky workers (9 injuries per 100 occupied beds). The risk factors most associated to hollow-bore needlesticks are the following: job category of midwife (OR = 7.5 95% CI, 4.1-13.7) and student nurse (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.7), recapping (OR = 28.8; 95% CI, 16.5-50.6), working in venipuncture room (OR = 3.3; 95% CI, 1.2-9.5) or in the dialysis unit (OR = 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of occupational percutaneous injuries in Spain is similar to those described in other countries using comparable surveillance systems. The risk of hollow-bore needlestick is directly related to job category, work experience, work area and the activities that the healthcare worker does.

Blood-Borne Pathogens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational exposure to multiresistant Mycobacterium bovis in a hospital in Saragossa, Spain].

BACKGROUND: Those working in a hospital environment are exposed to different occupational risks, although more specifically biological ones. One of the major risks is that of exposure by airborne transmission, more specifically, tuberculosis. This study is aimed at providing a description and analysis of the results of the implementation of an evaluation and surveillance protocol following occupational exposure to Multiresistant mycobacterium bovis (MRMb). METHOD: A male patient was diagnosed with MRMb infection at the Miguel Servet Hospital in Zaragoza in 1999 following ten days without respiratory isolation. During this period, he came into contact with 167 employees from different hospital departments. A surveillance and contact control protocol was prepared based on: completing a survey and undergoing an initial Mantoux (if the employee had previously tested negative for tuberculin), followed three months later by a chest X-ray and then a two-year clinical follow-up (check-ups every three months) for those having tested positive for tuberculin and no administering of chemoprophylaxis even though signs of infection were to have been found. RESULTS: Information was gathered on 160 employees (96%). A total of 94 employees (59%) had previously undergone a Mantoux, seven (7) having had tuberculosis. It was necessary for a follow-up to be conducted on sixty-one (61) employees who tested positive (29 previously positive and 32 detected in the initial Mantoux). No employee who had tested negative on an initial Mantoux tested positive on repeated testing three months later nor showed any symptoms indicative of transmission during the follow-up period. Some variables, such as age or working in the Infectious Disease Unit were related, on a statistically significant basis, to follow-up being required. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of occupational transmission following contact with MRMb might be similar to M. Tuberculosis, although further experience would be required in order to confirm this fact. Early diagnosis and availing of a protocol for implementing measures aimed at preventing and controlling this type of occupational exposure are of importance.

Adult↗