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Biomedical subjects

Joseph Berger

Publications and source records attributed to Joseph Berger.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The effect of interleukin-8 on the viability of injected adipose tissue in nude mice.

Adipose tissue injection as a free graft for the correction of soft-tissue defects is a widespread procedure in plastic surgery. The main problem in achieving long-term soft-tissue augmentation is partial absorption of the injected fat and hence the need for overcorrection and re-injection. The purpose of this study was to improve the viability of the injected fat by the use of interleukin-8. The rationale for the use of interleukin-8 was its abilities to accelerate angiogenesis and attract inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, providing the injected adipocytes more feeding vessels and a well-established graft bed to enhance their viability. Human adipose tissue, obtained by suction-assisted lipectomy, was re-injected into the subcutis in the scalp of nude mice. Interleukin-8 (0.25 ng) was injected subcutaneously to the scalp as a preparation of the recipient site 24 hours before the fat injection and was added to the fat graft itself (25 ng per 1 cc of injected fat). In the control group, pure fat without interleukin-8 was injected and no interleukin-8 was added for the preparation of the recipient site. One cubic centimeter of fat was injected in each animal in both the study and control groups. There were 10 animals in each group. The animals were euthanized 15 weeks after the procedure. Graft weight and volume were measured and histologic evaluation was performed. In addition, triglyceride content and adipose cell sizes were measured as parameters for fat cells viability. Histologic analysis demonstrated significantly less cyst formation in the group treated with interleukin-8. No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to graft weight and volume or the other histologic parameters investigated. No significant differences were demonstrated in adipose cell sizes and their triglyceride content. In conclusion, less cyst formation, indicating improved quality of the injected fat, can be obtained by the addition of interleukin-8. Further studies of various dosages of interleukin-8 and their long-term effect are required before these encouraging results could be applied clinically.

Absorption↗
PubMed2004

HIV Dementia.

Dementia and milder forms of cognitive impairment are important manifestations, with important socioeconomic consequences, of HIV infection. Early detection and aggressive treatment are essential to achieve stabilization and prevent progression. In some affected individuals, reversal of symptoms may follow initiation of effective therapy. Antiretroviral treatment needs to be individualized, taking into consideration the relative central nervous system penetration of the drugs, presence of drug resistant viral strains, possible drug interactions, and drug side effect profiles. Combination antiretroviral therapy is preferred. Zidovudine, stavudine, abacavir, navirapine and indinavir have relatively good penetration into the central nervous system. The aim of therapy should be for control of viral load in the periphery and the cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, although not established therapy, the use of neuroprotective agents and anti-inflammatory regimens may be considered. A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to management with regular follow-up is essential for treatment.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of lidocaine and adrenaline on the viability of injected adipose tissue--an experimental study in nude mice.

Adipose tissue injection as a free graft for the correction of soft tissue defects is a widespread procedure in plastic surgery. The main problem in achieving long-term soft tissue augmentation is partial absorption of the injected fat, and hence the need for over-correction and re-injections. Lidocaine, used for local anesthesia, has been suspected as an inhibitor of growth of adipocytes in culture and slowing down glucose transport and lipolysis in adipocytes. In addition, reduced blood supply by local application of epinephrine was accused of having a negative effect on the graft. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of local anesthesia, administered to the fat donor site, on the take of the injected fat. Human adipose tissue, obtained by suction-assisted lipectomy, was injected subcutaneously into the scalp of nude mice. Local anesthesia of the fat donor site consisted of a solution with 600 mg of lidocaine (0.06%) and epinephrine 1:1000000. In a control group, normal saline with no local anesthesia or epinephrine was administered to the donor site. One cc of fat was injected after centrifugation into each animal scalp. There were 10 animals in each group. The animals were sacrificed 15 weeks after the procedure. Graft weight and volume were measured, and histologic evaluation was performed. No significant differences were demonstrated between the groups in regard with the grafts' weight and volume and the histologic parameters investigated. In conclusion, local anesthesia solution, consisting of lidocaine and epinephrine, does not alter the take of fat grafts, and has no influence on the adipocytes viability.

Adipose Tissue↗