Biomedical subjects

Joseph E Casey

Publications and source records attributed to Joseph E Casey.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Reliability and validity of the RBANS in a traumatic brain injured sample.

The RBANS has become increasingly utilized in various populations since it reliably assesses individual neurocognitive domains in a rapid, efficient manner. The present study examined the convergent validity of the RBANS to frequently administered instruments in a moderate-severe traumatic brain injured (M-S TBI) sample. Fifty-seven individuals who sustained a M-S TBI were included in this study. The RBANS subtests showed moderate to strong internal reliability within the sample. Most of the subtests displayed moderate to strong correlations with the other neuropsychological tests, including the CVLT-II, COWAT, and WAIS-III subtests. The strongest correlations were within the RBANS Attention Index, with both the Digit Span and Coding subtests showing strong correlations with their WAIS-III counterparts. The RBANS measures distinct abilities that supplement other neuropsychological instruments that assess similar functions within a TBI sample. In addition to its administration advantages, the results of this study provide support for the use of the RBANS as a clinical valid and reliable tool in the brief screening of individuals with M-S TBI.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Evaluating the utility of ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for postconcussion syndrome following mild traumatic brain injury.

The present study investigated the utility of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th edition (ICD-10) diagnostic criteria for postconcussion syndrome (PCS) symptoms by comparing symptom endorsement rates in a group of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) to those of a noninjured control group at one month and three months post-injury. The 110 MTBI patients and 118 control participants were group-matched on age, gender, and education level. Seven of the nine self-reported ICD-10 PCS symptoms differentiated the groups at one month post-injury and two symptoms differentiated the groups at three months post-injury: symptom endorsement rates were higher in the MTBI group at both time periods. Fatiguing quickly and dizziness/vertigo best differentiated the groups at both time periods, while depression and anxiety/tension failed to differentiate the groups at either time period. Collectively, the ICD-10 PCS symptoms accurately classified the MTBI patients at one month post-injury, with the optimal positive test threshold of endorsement of five symptoms coinciding with a sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 61%, respectively. The ICD-10 PCS symptoms were unable to accurately classify the MTBI patients at three months post-injury.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Empirically derived ability-achievement subtypes in a clinical sample.

The purpose of the present study was to identify reliable and clinically meaningful patterns of ability and achievement using the WISC-III and WIAT. Cluster analysis was used to group the 182 WISC-III and WIAT profiles (10 WISC-III subtests and 4 WIAT subtests) of children between the ages of 9 and 14 years. Theoretical and empirical considerations were used to identify a cluster solution, which involved comparison of several five-, six- and eight-cluster solutions. A five-cluster solution was selected as being representative of the data, which was well replicated across three hierarchical clustering methods (i.e., complete linkage, average linkage-within groups, and average linkage-between groups (UPGMA)). The clusters were labeled based on their most salient characteristics, which included a group of predominantly low ability and achievement, a group demonstrating a pattern of verbal processing deficits, a group demonstrating a pattern of visual spatial/processing speed deficits, a group with low ability and achievement with average processing speed, and a group with deficits consistent with an ACID pattern. The external validity of the five subtypes was assessed through an evaluation of the relationship between cluster membership and neuropsychological test data. Most predictions regarding neuropsychological performance were supported by the data, providing further evidence of the validity of the five-cluster solution. Clinical implications of the ability-achievement typology and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Achievement↗