Biomedical subjects

Joseph M Ducharme

Publications and source records attributed to Joseph M Ducharme.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Errorless academic compliance training: improving generalized cooperation with parental requests in children with autism.

OBJECTIVE: Children with autism often demonstrate distress and oppositionality when exposed to requests to complete academic or household tasks. Errorless academic compliance training is a success-focused, noncoercive intervention for improving child cooperation with such activities. In the present study, the authors evaluated treatment and generalization effects of this intervention on four children diagnosed with autism. METHOD: In a multiple baseline across-subjects design, parents delivered a range of academic and nonacademic requests to their children to determine the probability of compliance for each request. A hierarchy of academic requests ranging from those yielding high compliance (level 1) to those yielding low compliance (level 4) was then developed. Treatment began with the concentrated delivery of level 1 requests, with praise and reward for compliant responses. Over several weeks, children were gradually introduced to requests from subsequent probability levels with continued reward for compliance. RESULTS: High compliance levels were demonstrated throughout and following treatment. Evidence of generalization to untrained academic requests and nonacademic requests emerged. Treatment gains were maintained up to 6 months after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Errorless academic compliance training appears to be an effective intervention for enhancing generalized compliance in children with autism.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Sequential evaluation of reinforced compliance and graduated request delivery for the treatment of noncompliance in children with developmental disabilities.

Errorless compliance training is a recently developed approach that has been demonstrated to be effective in treating severe oppositional behavior in children. In conjunction with several ancillary techniques, the approach comprises two fundamental components: reinforcement for child compliance and delivery of requests in a four-level hierarchy, from requests that yield high levels of compliance to those that yield low levels. To determine the relative contribution of each component, four children with developmental disabilities and severe oppositional behavior were observationally assessed in baseline and then treated using reinforcement following each instance of compliance to parental requests. Following this first treatment phase, we used the graduated request hierarchy in conjunction with reinforced compliance. Results indicated that use of reinforcement for compliance in isolation was ineffective in bringing about clinically significant improvements in child compliance. The addition of the graduated request hierarchy appeared to be associated with substantial changes in child compliance that maintained in follow-up assessments.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed2002

Errorless compliance training: building a cooperative relationship between parents with brain injury and their oppositional children.

Errorless compliance training, a noncoercive intervention for improving child compliance, was evaluated in a multiple baseline across-subjects design with 12 oppositional children (ages 2-7 years) and their brain-injured parents, who suffered from cognitive deficits, impulsivity, and/or emotional instability. Generalized and durable increases were observed in child compliance after treatment. Pre/post improvements were also noted on a measure of parent self-esteem. Errorless compliance training may be well suited to intervention with parents with cognitive and behavioral impairments that decrease their potential to benefit from traditional parenting approaches.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

"Errorless" rehabilitation: strategies of proactive intervention for individuals with brain injury and their children.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with brain injury are prone to severe behavior problems related to various postinjury variables, including confusion, emotional distress, fear of challenging activity, and loss of skills to access desired outcomes. OBJECTIVES: This article proposes the use of a new model, errorless rehabilitation, to improve rehabilitation outcomes by systematically focusing on graduated and success-based exposure of clients with brain injury to increasingly demanding circumstances, to provide them with the ability to tolerate and manage the natural environment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Research on difficulties parents with brain injury experience with their children is subsequently reviewed and a new approach (based on the same principles as Errorless Rehabilitation) to treatment of parent-child relationship issues after brain injury is described. CONCLUSIONS: A case study of a father with brain injury and his oppositional son is presented to demonstrate a specific application of this model for enhancing the quality of life of parents with such impairments.

Adult↗