Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Joseph R Martinelli.
[reaction: see text] The direct transformation of aryl bromides into the corresponding Weinreb amides via Pd-catalyzed aminocarbonylation at atmospheric pressure is reported.
Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl and heteroaryl halides with aryl-, heteroaryl- and vinylboronic acids proceed in very good to excellent yield with the use of 2-(2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine, SPhos (1). This ligand confers unprecedented activity for these processes, allowing reactions to be performed at low catalyst levels, to prepare extremely hindered biaryls and to be carried out, in general, for reactions of aryl chlorides at room temperature. Additionally, structural studies of various 1.Pd complexes are presented along with computational data that help elucidate the efficacy that 1 imparts on Suzuki-Miyaura coupling processes. Moreover, a comparison of the reactions with 1 and with 2-(2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl)diphenylphosphine (2) is presented that is informative in determining the relative importance of ligand bulk and electron-donating ability in the high activity of catalysts derived from ligands of this type. Further, when the aryl bromide becomes too hindered, an interesting C-H bond functionalization-cross-coupling sequence intervenes to provide product in high yield.
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C(2)-symmetric dihydroxycyclohexene 1 was desymmetrized via a one-pot Criegee ozonolysis/acylation protocol to afford acetal-lactone 2. Installation of the allyl side chain on the convex face of the bicyclic system and subsequent reduction provided the desired tetrahydrofuran 4 with the correct relative and absolute stereochemistries. Simple functional group manipulations led to the desired F-ring module 3 of halichondrin B.
Several examples of 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane spiroketal systems have been synthesized from the common bicyclic intermediate 1 via acid-catalyzed rearrangement. Intermolecular ketalization of C(2) symmetric diene diol 3 with ketone 9 and then desymmetrization by ring-closing metathesis rapidly constructs bicyclic acetal 1. The locked conformation and steric bias of 1 allow stereoselective functionalization of one or both double bonds before spiroketalization.