Biomedical subjects

Joshua Goh

Publications and source records attributed to Joshua Goh.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2025

Relationships between childhood adversity, resilience, and inflammatory profiles in Taiwanese young adults.

Psychological resilience is the capacity to withstand and bounce back from stressors, trauma, and negative life events, such as childhood adverse experiences (ACEs). Yet, little is known about the biological mechanisms by which resilience mitigates the psychological effects of ACEs. We aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that reflect the combined effects of early life stress and psychological resilience by using an inflammatory proteomics panel. Three different resilience and ACE questionnaires were employed to classify participants into four groups according to high vs. low levels of resilience and ACEs. Forty-five age-matched and sex-matched participants were selected for proteomics profiling with Olink's 92-protein inflammatory panel. Of these, only 32 passed quality control filtering for analysis. Results showed that CD274 emerged as a protein hub in resilient profiles, while CXCL5 was central to ACE-related profiles. Network co-expression analysis revealed group-specific protein rewiring, suggesting dysregulated inflammation in individuals with high ACE. In contrast, high-resilience profiles showed stronger immune checkpoint co-expression, indicating more effective inflammatory resolution as a key trait of resilience. These findings suggest that resilience maintains an adaptive immune network architecture that may be leveraged to promote resilience after early adversity.

Humans↗

PubMed2003

Word frequency and subsequent memory effects studied using event-related fMRI.

Event-related fMRI was used to evaluate the effect of printed word frequency on the subsequent recognition of words incidentally encoded while 16 healthy right-handed volunteers performed living/nonliving judgments. Semantic judgment took longer for low-frequency words. These words were more accurately recognized than high-frequency words at later testing. Low-frequency words were also associated with relatively greater left prefrontal, left fusiform gyrus, and anterior cingulate activation. Words that were subsequently recognized were associated with greater activation in the left prefrontal region compared to those that were forgotten. These findings suggest the specific brain regions where less commonly encountered words are processed in a manner that facilitates their subsequent recognition.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Frequency of concrete words modulates prefrontal activation during semantic judgments.

The effect of word frequency on semantic processing was characterized by studying two groups of right-handed participants using fMRI. Stimuli were presented in blocks of either high frequency or low frequency word triplets where a sample word appeared above a pair of test words. One group (n = 8) made semantic judgments by selecting the word from the test pair that was more closely associated with the sample. Stimulus triplets were designed such that relatedness between sample and "correct" items was obvious. The other group (n = 8) read the words silently without making any semantic decision and pressed a button on completing the reading of each triplet. Semantic judgments while no less accurate, were associated with greater left prefrontal BOLD signal change when they involved low frequency words, whereas there was no reliable effect of word frequency in the reading condition. These findings suggest that retrieval effort modulates left prefrontal activity when deliberate access to semantics is required.

Adult↗