Biomedical subjects

Jun Kawaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Jun Kawaguchi.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Effects of response-stimulus interval manipulation and articulatory suppression on task switching.

We conducted three experiments using a list paradigm to examine how articulatory suppression and response-stimulus interval (RSI) manipulation affected task switching. Experiments 1 and 2 tested task-switching performance under a short and long RSI and three concurrent task conditions (control, articulatory suppression, and tapping) without external task cues. The results indicated that alternation had a greater effect under articulatory suppression than under the control and tapping conditions, and that articulatory suppression costs were unrelated to the RSI. In Experiment 3, an external task cue was provided with each stimulus, and the negative effect of articulatory suppression on alternation cost was eliminated. These results indicated that articulatory suppression effects did not differ between conditions of short and long RSI and that the availability of verbal representations of task information was independent of RSI length. This paper discussed the possible roles played by the phonological loop in task-switching paradigms.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Representation of plans: activation in memory.

The purpose of this study is to examine the temporal representation of plans in memory. Two experiments using a priming paradigm were conducted to investigate which plans would be activated in memory when participants processed a particular plan. The 64 undergraduates who participated in Experiment 1 were asked to memorise a 1-month schedule of plans. Results showed that when participants were presented with a particular plan as a prime, the preceding plan in the schedule was immediately activated. After the activation of the preceding plan, the plan following the prime plan in the schedule was activated. Experiment 2 was conducted to examine whether the sequential effect found in Experiment 1 might be based on day order (e.g., plans for day 1, plans for day 2, etc.) or simple ordering of plans (e.g., plan 1, plan 2, etc.). However, in the results of Experiment 2, with 48 undergraduate participants, the dynamic transition in the activation of plans along the time course, seen in Experiment 1, was not observed.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Is memory for plans unique? a study using common nouns as stimuli.

The present study explored the question of whether the U-shape effect, which was observed in previous experiments on memory for fictitious plans is unique to the memory for plans or not, i.e., are plans for the morning and for the evening recalled better than those for the afternoon. To investigate we used a "common noun" as the material to be memorized instead of the "action phrase" as used in Watanabe and Kawaguchi's earlier experiments. Free recall tasks were performed in two experiments: in Exp. 1, a sample of 15 undergraduates memorized "hour" and "common noun" pairs, while in Exp. 2 another 15 undergraduates memorized "number" and "common noun" pairs. The results of these experiments indicated no significant effect for time of day. This suggests that the U-shape effect observed in Watanabe and Kawaguchi's experiments, in which participants were asked to memorize a combination of an "hour" and an "action phrase" is unique to memory for plans.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Study of the inhibitory mechanism in retrieval-induced forgetting with the explicit/implicit memory paradigm].

Anderson, Bjork, and Bjork (1994) devised a retrieval-practice paradigm, thereby showing that remembering can cause forgetting, termed retrieval-induced forgetting. The present research examined what aspect of memory was suppressed by the inhibitory mechanism accompanied by remembering, by using an implicit memory task. Thirty-six undergraduates learned a list of 36 category-instance pairs. They performed directed retrieval practice on some critical items from the learned list by completing a series of cued-fragment recall. Following a distractor task, they then performed either an explicit or an implicit memory task probed by category-plus-first letter pairs. The results indicated the typical pattern of retrieval-induced forgetting in the explicit memory task, but not in the implicit memory task. This suggests that the inhibitory mechanism affects the explicit retrieval process (accessibility) rather than representation of items in memory (availability).

Adult↗