Biomedical subjects

Jurek Olszewski

Publications and source records attributed to Jurek Olszewski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Hearing threshold shift measured by otoacoustic emissions after shooting noise exposure in soldiers using hearing protectors.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of short-term impulse noise to temporary threshold shift in soldiers using hearing protectors. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The study included 80 subjects with correct tympanic membrane and thresholds measured by pure-tone audiometry less than 20 dB. There were two groups: 40 soldiers protected during shooting and 40 young males who didn't shoot. TEOAE were performed by ILO 292 Echoport Otodynamics device 3 to 5 minutes before shooting and 2 minutes and 1, 2, and 3 hours after shooting. RESULTS: Short-term exposure to impulse noise generated by five gunshots from the rifle kbk AKMS hasn't induced temporary threshold shift of hearing for chosen frequencies in soldiers using hearing protectors. Spectral analysis for chosen frequencies revealed that measurement reproducibility, stimuli level, and probe stability appeared to be comparable and repeatable. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the use of hearing protectors safeguarded against impulse noise. SIGNIFICANCE: The use of earmuffs is strongly recommended because they seem to sufficiently attenuate shooting noise.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

The association between positional vertebral and basilar artery flow lesion and prevalence of vertigo in patients with cervical spondylosis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our investigations was to characterize the relationship between basilar artery (BA) flow velocity in patients with cervical spondylosis and age, grade of radiological changes, prevalence of vertigo, and decreased blood flow velocity through vertebral arteries (VA) after head rotation. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective, controlled study in academic neurotology was conducted. We examined 80 patients with radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis. Forty patients complained of positional vertigo lasting more than 6 months. Patients were examined by transcranial Doppler ultrasound with head rotations. RESULTS: We showed significant association between velocity flow in basilar artery after neck rotation and age, prevalence of vertigo, grade of radiological changes, and positional vertebral artery flow lesion. CONCLUSION: Spondylotic-induced VA compression may be the reason for decreased blood flow velocity in the basilar artery during head rotation, which may be of particular importance for older patients, especially complaining of vertigo. SIGNIFICANCE: Every patient with high-grade cervical spondylosis, especially complaining of vertigo, should be examined by using TCD (transcranial Doppler) with head rotations. In case of positional blood flow reduction during head rotation, further angiographic examination should be undertaken so as to plan suitable treatment. EBM RATING: C-4.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2006

[Analysis of hearing threshold shift measured by otoacoustic emissions in soldiers after shooting with use hearing protectors].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of short-term impulse noise on the size of temporary threshold shift in soldiers using hearing protectors during exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study covered 80 subjects with normal tympanic membrane and thresholds measured by pure tone audiometry lower than 20 dB. There were two groups: I--composed of 40 soldiers protected during shooting and II--comprised 40 young males which did not shoot (controls). Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were performed by an ILO 292 Echoport Otodynamics device 3-5 min before shooting and 2 min, 1, 2 and 3 h after shooting. RESULTS: The results showed that post-exposure changes in soldiers who used ear-muffs were not significant. CONCLUSION: The use of hearing protectors is strongly recommended because most of them seem to sufficiently attenuate impulse noise from firearms.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Statokinesiometric assessment of equilibrium system function in military pilots subjected to angular accelerations].

THE AIM: Evaluation of military flight personnel is of paramount importance in categories both flight safety and combat effectiveness. Assessment of equilibrium system in military pilots is very important part of fitness to fly evaluation. One of the assessment methods is statokinesiometry which can be used complementary to standard ENT evaluation methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 18 instructor pilots volunteered to take part in experiment. Age of participants was in range 22 to 47 years (mean 31 +/- 7.78), flight experience (240-4300 flying hours, mean 1408.13 +/-1054 h). All participants had current fitness to fly certificate. Each of participants underwent three expositions on GYRO Instrumental Physiological Trainer and consecutive statokinesiometric assessment in three conditions: "eye open" and "eye closed". RESULTS: Analysis of recorded parameters revealed individual variations in vestibular organ sensitivity. Capacity of vestibular system to cope an adapt to accelerations evoked in conditions similar to real flight is considered as important factor determining spatial disorientation susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore it can be used as determinant whether certain individual is capable to perform military flight duties. Proposed method allows for objective and precise assessment of these qualities. Results obtained can be used as an objective complementation to flight personnel training efficiency assessment with use of aviation simulators.

Acceleration↗

PubMed2006

[Hearing evaluation in patients with vertigo].

INTRODUCTION: Vertigo is one of the most frequent and disturbing sensations that the practicing otolaryngologist is called upon to treat. Vertigo is the illusory sensation of motion. True vertigo is caused by pathology in the peripheral end organ, the vestibular nerve, and the pathways that connect them in the brainstem and rarely, in the cortex. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing in people with vertigo according to the etiology of balance disorders. The study comprised 127 patients treated in our clinic between 1999 and 2004, 88 women and 39 men (254 ears) aged 24-90 years. The average age was 56. METHODS: Hearing tests (pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, impedance audiometry, auditory brainstem responses, OAE) as well as vestibular function tests (electronystagmography, rotational chair tests, caloric tests) were performed. In order to evaluate the nature of vertigo radiological diagnostics (head and cervical computer tomography, vascular diagnostics using Doppler sonography) was performed. RESULTS: Audiometric testing showed impaired hearing in 71 of 127 subjects. Among 73 patients with vertigo of vascular origin caused by vertebrae-basilar insufficiency, bilateral cochlear lesion was noticed in 33 cases and unilateral in 9. In 8 patients with cervical ankylosing spondylitis 3 had cochlear hearing loss (1--unilateral, 2--bilateral). CONCLUSIONS: In our group of patients with vertigo in the most of cases the hearing loss was on cochlear origin.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Distortion product otoacoustic emissions before and after one year exposure to impulse noise].

INTRODUCTION: Firearms are a common source of impulse noise that may be very harmful to the auditory organ. Impulse noise from weapons and explosions continually produces hearing damage among military personnel. The discovery of otoacoustic emission (OAE) has given a new possibility of early diagnosis of noise induced hearing loss. The transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) are non-invasive, objective and frequency specific audiometric tests for evaluating outer hair cell function. The aim of the study was to asses the effects of exposure to impulse noise on DPOAE after one year of the obligatory military service. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 92 (184 ears) soldiers, subjected to impulse noise during military service. The examine group was divided according total noise exposure. The control group consisted of secondary school students not exposed to noise. DPOAE was recorded before and after one year of military service. RESULTS: After military service significant deterioration of DPOAE level was observed at frequencies of 1, 3, and 4 kHz on the right ear and 2, 5 and 6 kHz left one. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Reduction of DPOAE amplitude connected all frequencies. 2. We did not notice significant differences between groups connected total noise exposure.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Evaluation of the risk on hearing loss at soldiers].

INTRODUCTION: Noise produced by weapons may be harmful to soldiers during military service. Exposure to impulse noise during compulsory military service depends on the number of shots, explosion impulses, distance of injured ear from causal firearm as well as on the use of hearing protectors. Weapons produce impulse noises, which are characterized by peak pressure level and frequency. The purpose of this work was to calculate and estimate risk on hearing at soldiers during one year of the military service. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comparised three groups of soldiers with different kind of exposure to noise divided according total noise exposure. In order to evaluate the amount of the exposure to impulse noise the total level of noise and the spectrum analysis were performed for all types of weapons, which were used during military service. The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, L A eq, Te [dB], maximum A-weighted sound pressure level, L A max [dB] and C weighted peak sound pressure level, L C peak [dB] were measured. RESULTS: The highest total exposure to noise concerned group I (2222,9 kPa(2)/s for right ear and 22212,8 kPa(2)/s for left one) with total exposure time 248,3 minutes. In the II group estimated total exposure to noise was 611,8 kPa(2)/s for right ear and 743,6 kPa(2)/s for left one. In the III group least exposed to noise, estimated total exposure to noise was 103 kPa(2)/s for right ear and 109 kPa(2)/s for left one with total time exposure 17,8 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: Difference between groups is dependent on kind of military service. Estimated exposure to weapons noise may prevent soldiers before hearing loss. We did not notice differences between sites of ears.

Audiometry↗

PubMed2006

[Causes, diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia as an interdisciplinary clinical problem].

The intricate mechanism of swallowing can be divided into three phases: oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal. Dysphagia is a disruption in the swallowing process, which include difficulty in transporting (or a lack of transporting) a food or liquid bolus from the mouth through the pharynx and esophagus into the stomach. Causes of disruptions in the swallowing process can be divided into superior (oropharyngeal) and inferior (esophageal) according to Paradowski et al. Neurlologic dysphagia may be caused by a disruption in different parts of the central nervous system (supranuclear level, level of motor and sensory nuclei taking part in swallowing process, peripherial nerves level and a pathology of muscle cells and spindles) or neuromuscular and muscular disorders. Neuromuscular disorders causes according to Waśko-Czopnik et al. are: stroke, brain tumors, brain injury, bulbar and pseudobulbar paralysis, neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis), tabes dorsalis, multisystem degenerations, Parkinson's disease, delayed dyskineses, Huntington's disease, myasthenia and myasthenic syndromes, myopathies and peripherial neuropathies. The correct diagnosis evaluation include history taking, physical examination with palpation and consultations (laryngological, gastrological and neurological). According to Halama radiological esophagogram, videofluoroscopy, flexible endoscopic examination, ultrasound examination, manometry, electromyography, scintigraphy and 24 hour pH monitoring are main diagnostic procedures of dysphagia. Some of the reasons for the neurologic dysphagia may be treated by surgical and pharmacological methods. Neurologic dysphagia rehabilitation is difficult, long-lasting and often falling far short of expected results. Primary it should include neurologic cause treatment if it is possible. According to WHO International Classification of Functioning and Health in 2001 non-invasive methods of dysphagia treatment may be divided into reconstitution, compensatory and adaptive techniques. The most popular reconstitution methods are thermal stimulation (Lazzar's) or tactilethermal application (Rosenbeck's) techniques which may be applied for abnormal duration of stage transition (DST). Abnormal duration of stage transition considerably increase probability of aspiration. Dysphagia treatment by compensatory methods consist in various techniques of swallowing and posture changes application. Adaptive techniques include dietary changes--avoiding of sustenances strengthening dysphagia and adequate dietary intake. The basic principle of dysphagia rehabilitation is that the most effective way to regain efficiency is the regeneration on remains of lost function. Carrying out imperfect swallowing acts is probably the best way of increasing effectiveness and efficiency of swallowing. On the other hand imperfect swallowing acts may be hazardous because of the danger of aspiration and inhalation pneumonia.

Brain Injuries↗

PubMed2005

[Rare case of papillary cystic carcinoma of ectopic thyroid gland in glossothyroid ductus].

The neck midline cyst is the most common congenital malformation in the neck area. In described case of 33 years women the diagnosis was established on clinical examination, the results of USG and the aspiration biopsy. The tumor was surgically excited and the microscopy examination revealed papillary cystic carcinoma of ectopic thyroid gland in glossothyroid ductus. In the every case of neck tumor we have to consider neoplastic process.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Impulse noise influence on hearing].

UNLABELLED: Impulse noise from weapons and explosions produces hearing damage among military service. The discovery of otoacoustic emissions (OAE) has given a new possibility of early diagnosis of noise induced hearing loss. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of exposure to impulse noise on TEOAE, SNR and PTA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: the study comprised 92 (184 ears, aged 18.5-20 years) soldiers, subjected to impulse noise during one year of military service. The soldiers were divided in to three groups according exposure to noise. Group I the highest exposure 2222, 9 kPa2/s, group II--611, 8 kPa2/s and group III--103-109 kPa2/s. The control group consisted of 60 (120 ears) secondary school students. Hearing evaluation was performed before and after one year of military service, using extended pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, TEOAE and SNR. RESULTS: after military service significant deterioration of hearing was observed on average 1-2 dB for 0.125-3 kHz and 4-6 dB for 4-12 kHz for all examined soldiers without differences between groups. TEOAE reductions were registered predominantly at frequencies of 3 and 4 kHz, for both ears and SNR mean values reduction for the frequencies of 2, 3 and 4 kHz. CONCLUSIONS: TEOAE especially in cases where clinical audiometry is less sensitive can monitor small changes in the cochlea. There were no differences between groups and ears.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed2005

[Analysis of select diagnostic examination results and their connection with cervical vertigo diagnosis].

Cervical spine spondylotic changes are known to cause vertigo, but diagnostic criteria are not established. The aim of present study was to asses diagnostic value of classical radiologic, electronystagmographic (ENG) and transcranial doppler ultrasonographic (TCD) examinations in cervical vertigo diagnostic process. Forty patients with vertigo lasting more than 6 months with radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis participated in the study. All patients had ENG and TCD with neck rotation test. Cervical vertigo was diagnosed in patients with positive neck rotation test in: TCD examination (15% decrease of vertebral artery flow) and/or ENG examination (cervical nystagmus). We diagnosed cervical vertigo in 65% of patients. Multivariate model of logistic regression analysis showed that the best statistical predictors of cervical vertigo were: asymmetry of vertebral artery flow in TCD (OR: 92.2; 95% CI: 6,2-1381) and presence of osteophytes and discopathy in radiological examination (OR: 64.1; 95% CI: 1,3-1107). The transcranial doppler ultrasonographic examinations seems to be useful for diagnosing cervical vertigo.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Kinesitherapy treatment for patients with cervical vertigo (preliminary report)].

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of kinesitherapy in cervical vertigo treatment. Thirty two patients with cervical vertigo, aged 20 to 75, were examined. The patients performed kinesitherapy exercises three times a day for four weeks. The effects of therapy were assessed by everyday task self-control cards and ENG examinations. In the present study, objective improvement was noticed in 18,7% patients. Subjective improvement assessed by the patients everyday task self-control cards reached 62.5%. Kinesitherapy seems to be the good method of treating neck-related vertigo, but it should be confirmed in further study on the large group of patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Influence of positional blood flow disorders in the vertebral and basilar arteries on the prevalence of vertigo in patients with cervical spondylosis].

The aim of present study was to characterize the association between prevalence of vertigo and age, grade of radiological changes and positional vertebral (VA) and basilar artery (BA) flow lesion in patients with cervical spondylosis. We examined 80 patients with radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis. Forty patients complained positional vertigo. Patients with neurological symptoms were excluded from the study. ENG was used to exclude patients with another causes of vertigo. TCD evaluations of the distal part of VA and the proximal part of BA were performed with a 2-MHz probe via the suboccipital window. We showed significant and independent association between prevalence of vertigo and age, grade of radiological changes, and positional vertebral and basilar artery flow lesion velocity in multivariate logistic regression model. Spondylotic-induced VA compression may be the reason of decreased blood flow velocity in the basilar artery during head rotation, causing positional vertigo.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Sarcoidosis limited to the lymph nodes of the neck].

A case of isolated neck sarcoidosis is presented. Isolated sarcoidosis confined to the neck lymph node is rare. Sarcoidosis is a systematic disease usually involving pulmonary findings. Extrapulmonary involvement including the liver, eyes, lymph nodes, central nervous system, muscles and bones is common. This report documents a very rare case of isolated sarcoidosis of the neck, which is very rare diagnosed by otolaryngologists.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Phlegmon neck and face as a complication peritonsillar abscess--case report].

The authors describe a 46-year-old male patient. Inflammatory state of tonsils and peritonsillar abscess caused a serious complication which came to parapharyngeal phlegmon and superficial soft tissue phlegmon face and neck. A wide application of antibiotic gives a rare complication, but mortality reaches a few percent. A basic method is a surgical treatment--a wide cut of tissues in many places, to drainage interfascia space and compound aim intravenous antibiotic therapy.

Cellulitis↗

PubMed2005

[Otoacoustic emissions and recruitment].

INTRODUCTION: Typical high frequency hearing loss is accompanied by an exaggerated response to loudness as the sound level exceeds your elevated thresholds. This exaggerated response to sound levels is termed "recruitment". Recruitment is a paradoxical phenomenon present in hearing losses due to cochlear damage. Loudness recruitment is usually present to some degree as measured on the SISI. There have been many explanation connected this phenomena so far. It has been suggested that otoacoustic emissions might be more sensitive in assessment of changes to the cochlea caused by noise than pure tone audiometry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study results of the short increment sensitivity index test (SISI), DPOAE as well as slope of DPOAE input/output (I/O) function were compared before and after noise exposure. The I/O function plots DPOAE amplitude as a function of the level of the primary tones, for the progressively increasing stimulus levels (from 45 to 70 dB SPL) for the frequencies 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 kHz. From 40 patients between 18-21 years, 30 ears were extracted with cochlear lesions and good hearing. RESULTS: Both, PTA and DPOAEs amplitude showed in this group significant reduction due to noise exposure. Slopes of the DPOAE I/O function were depended on stimulus levels. For the low intensity stimuli levels (45-55 dB SPL) we obtained DP I/O amplitude value worse than before noise exposure. When stimulus level was above 55 dB SPL for the frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 kHz) the amplitude and DP I/O slope was higher than before noise exposure. We did not notice that phenomena in persons without cochlear lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that in examination group with cochlear lesion I/O DP amplitude was higher using stimulus level above 55 dB SPL. This notice can be otoacoustic recruitment phenomena.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed2005

[Middle ear schwannoma--case report].

Schwannoma is one of the common benign middle ear space tumors. The tumors may present with facial nerve paresis or palsy, otologic symptoms and/or parotid mass middle ear schwannomas may originate from the nerves of the tympanic caviti or by extensions from outside the middle ear space. Schwannomas of the facial nerve can occur along any segment, but they frequently involve the geniculate ganglion and extend proximally or distally from there. MRI and CT imaging characteristics are similar to those of vestibular schwannomas. We present the clinical and radiologic features of a middle-space schwannoma originating from facial nerve. The patient underwent middle ear exploration and mastoidectomy. The tumor was of facial nerve origin and was separated from middle ear. The pathologic diagnosis was schwannoma.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Temporary hearing threshold shift measured by otoacoustic emissions in subjects exposed to short-term impulse noise.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of short-term impulse noise on the size and dynamics of temporary threshold shift, which precedes permanent threshold shift, i.e. noise-induced hearing loss. It was hoped to use the findings for preventive activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 80 healthy subjects (160 ears), aged 19-23 years, divided into two groups: group I comprised 40 recruit soldiers put to the shooting training, and group II consisted of 40 young male controls. All subjects had to show normal hearing with pure tone audiometric thresholds between 10-15 dB. Transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TOAE) measurements were performed by ILO 292 Echoport Otodynamics device 3-5 min before shooting and then 2 min, 1, 2 and 3 h, respectively after shooting. In group II the time intervals were similar. RESULTS: It was found that the gunshot impulse noise from the kbk AKMS rifle caused temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kHz frequencies of 1.07, 0.96, 1.41, 0.88 and 1.25 dB SPL, respectively. TIS turned out to be maximum at 4 and 5 kHz and minimum at 1 and 2 kHz. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term impulse noise generated by the rifle gunshots induces rather small temporary threshold shift of hearing. Anyhow, considering possibilities of different weapon noises in the military environment as well as various sources of industrial impulse noise, the usage of hearing protectors should be highly recommended.

Adult↗