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Biomedical subjects

K A Ballard

Publications and source records attributed to K A Ballard.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Contact with AIDS patients as a source of work-related distress: effects of organizational and social support.

In this study, we hypothesized that a nurse's exposure to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients as part of the work role is positively associated with distress as indexed by negative mood at work. Given this expected relation, we sought to identify factors that might reduce the negative effects of caring for AIDS patients on nurses. We predicted that both organizational and social support would moderate the relationship between extent of exposure and negative mood, with the relationship being strongest when support is low and weakest when support is high. The results of tests among a sample of 256 nurses supported all the hypotheses. We discuss implications of this study and directions for future research.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Measuring variations in nursing care per DRG.

A state nurses' association, a state department of health and a consulting agency collaborate annually in a special nursing study to develop appropriate measures of the relative variation in nursing care associated with each DRG. This activity provides a mechanism for professional nurses and the nursing profession to have direct input into a state's reimbursement methodology. This methodology is unique in the nation and may serve as an important prototype for nurses in other states who are seeking recognition of nursing care and services in the DRG reimbursement system.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the musculoskeletal structure of the orbits of the migrating and non-migrating eyes in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus).

The winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, undergoes a metamorphosis that involves the migration of one eye across the top of the head to a position adjacent to the non-migrating eye on the right lateral side. The metamorphosis involves changes in the nervous and musculoskeletal components of the orbits. The major difference between the two eyes is that the orbit of the left eye is composed completely of bone, whereas that of the right is partially bounded by jaw muscles. The orbital bones of the left eye cause the path of the extraocular muscles and optic nerve to be deflected and twisted before insertion, causing the left lateral and medial rectus muscles to be significantly shorter than the same muscles of the right eye. These orbital asymmetries are necessary to accommodate the final position of the eyes in an extraorbital position on the right side, which is a specialized adaptation allowing the flounder to lead both a benthic and pelagic existence.

Animals↗