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Biomedical subjects

K A Hall

Publications and source records attributed to K A Hall.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Seasonal variation in opioid modulation of feeding in the 13-lined ground squirrel.

Opioids are well recognized to modulate ingestive behaviors in a variety of species. To study the potential role of opioids in the alteration of ingestive behaviors that occur prior to hibernation, we have administered opiate agonists and the antagonist, naloxone, to the 13-lined ground squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) during periods when they were hyperphagic and hypophagic. Naloxone consistently reduced feeding during both phases of the feeding cycle. Hypophagic animals, however, were 10 times more sensitive to the effects of naloxone. The effect of the opiate agonists (morphine and butorphanol, 1 and 10 mg/kg) on feeding also varied between seasons. The low dose of morphine produced a slight, but significant increase in feeding at one hour in hyperphagic animals, while the high doses tended to decrease feeding. When administered to hypophagic animals, feeding was decreased by both doses of each agonist. Immunoreactive (IR)-dynorphin levels in the cortex, hypothalamus and striatum were higher during the hypophagic phase compared with the hyperphagic phase. These data indicate that the 13-lined ground squirrel possesses an opiate sensitive feeding system which is affected by season.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Calf enlargement from S-1 radiculopathy. Report of two cases.

Two patients with painless hypertrophy of one calf had clinical and myelographic features compatible with an S-1 radiculopathy. Electromyographic studies revealed intermittent spontaneous discharges (bizarre repetitive potentials) in the affected extremity. Several patients have previously been described with S-1 radiculopathy and calf hypertrophy with or without spontaneous electrical activity. The hypertrophy in the two present cases could have been caused by continuous stretching (both patients were very active), by the abnormal electrical activity, or by a combination of the two. A neurogenic lesion must be excluded in patients with isolated hypertrophy of a calf muscle, even in the absence of radicular pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Interrelation of atmospheric ozone and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) production in man.

Mean atmospheric ozone levels have increased steadily in the last 25 years, and this is likely to have decreased the amount of UVR reaching the earth's surface. Vitamin D3 formation in man depends on the UV irradiation of a precursor in the skin, and so we have used a computer, and the action spectrum for D3 production, to calculate the probable reduction in vitamin D3 formed by the human skin as a result of the increased ozone levels. We estimate that in the period from 1951 to 1972 the total vitamin D accumulation by the body might have thus been reduced by 15%.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coccidioidomycosis and heart transplantation.

Eleven episodes of Coccidioides immits infection (cocci) were documented in nine of 199 heart transplant recipients. Cocci was confirmed by fungal cultures and treated with 1 gram of intravenous amphotericin B, after which all patients were put on ketoconazole 200 mg orally twice a day. Two recurrent cocci episodes were noted, both occurring when ketoconazole maintenance therapy was discontinued. When compared with the group of patients without cocci, actuarial survival at 1 and 5 years was identical. We conclude that cocci does not seem to affect the early and late clinical outcome and that prophylactic use of ketoconazole (or other oral antifungal agents) after successful treatment of the initial infection is recommended.

Adolescent↗