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Biomedical subjects

K A Mehta

Publications and source records attributed to K A Mehta.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Developmentally-oriented safety surveys. Reported parental and adolescent practices.

A series of developmentally-oriented safety surveys has been utilized in both private practice and clinic settings in an effort to systematize safety counseling in a practical and meaningful manner, and to provide data comparing the educational needs of various socioeconomic and ethnic groups. Extraordinary deficiencies were identified in parental awareness and reported practice of basic accident prevention techniques at all levels and in all social and ethnic groups.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microencapsulation of beta-galactosidase with Eudragit L-100.

Microcapsules containing beta-galactosidase (lactase) were prepared by solvent evaporation using the pH sensitive polymer, Eudragit L-100. Formulations were prepared using various polymer-enzyme ratios with total solids content of the internal phase using sucrose stearate as a droplet stabilizer. Particle size distributions were invariant to relative proportion of ingredients but were dependent on stirring conditions. Although sucrose stearate had no effect on particle size distribution, release rate or encapsulation efficiency, its presence at a minimum 2% level was necessary to ensure intact microcapsules. Encapsulation efficiencies were higher for formulations prepared with 15% compared to 10% total solid content. DSC results revealed an interaction between encapsulated Eudragit L-100-enzyme-sucrose stearate vs their physical mixtures. The enzyme activities of the freshly prepared product vs those stored under stressed condition (40 degrees C and 75% RH) were 68 and 40% of their pre-processing activity, respectively. In vitro dissolution showed no enzyme release at 1 h in acidic media but 80% of the lactase was released from the microcapsules over 2.5 h in pH 6.8 media, thus establishing the feasibility of lactase microencapsulation to retard enzyme release in an acidic environment and ensuring release at intestinal pH.

Calorimetry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood injury prevention in a suburban Massachusetts population.

A controlled population-based study of a childhood injury prevention program in four suburban Massachusetts communities was able to demonstrate a 15.3 percent decrease in injury rates for children ages 0-5 years. A substantial improvement was seen in the relative risk for injury in the intervention as compared with control communities. The major intervention was a pediatric counseling program taking place within a context of various community education efforts. Process data on patient satisfaction and physician compliance, and educational and behavioral outcomes from previously reported studies, when combined with injury incidence data in this report, support the hypothesis that physician counseling may be an important factor in the favorable results observed in these suburban communities. These data also suggest that a decrease in injury incidence may be possible when interactive physician counseling takes place within the context of community education programs. A comprehensive strategy that includes technological, legislative, and educational activities is suggested as the optimal approach to childhood injury prevention.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What school children need to learn about injury prevention.

Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death and a major cause of morbidity among school age children. A survey of the educational needs concerning injury prevention of a group of fifth and sixth grade children (ages 10-12) in Holliston, MA, revealed educational deficiencies, including bicycle safety, seatbelt use, firearms use, and water safety. It is well known that the use of helmets can prevent bicycle injuries. Yet, not one of the children in this study reported using a bicycle helmet. Although most States have laws requiring seatbelts for young children, school age children are not covered by this legislation. The hazards of firearms have been well-documented. But it is clear that the children surveyed were in need of education about firearms; nearly half had used some form of firearms. Individual counseling by pediatricians combined with school- and community-based programs can address injury prevention. It is anticipated that many pediatricians will begin using the questionnaire for school age children as that component of the American Academy of Pediatrics Injury Prevention Program is introduced.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Knowledge of accident prevention among parents of young children in nine Massachusetts towns.

Knowledge concerning childhood accident prevention was assessed by means of developmentally oriented safety surveys that parents completed during their child's health maintenance visits at primary care sites. A total of 1,493 parents in urban, suburban, and rural Massachusetts communities participated. The questionnaires were administered between September 1980 and June 1982 to 512 parents of infants under 9 months and 981 parents of children aged 9 months through 5 years. Parents in all nine localities needed to learn how to prevent their children from getting burns. A variety of community-specific needs for other types of preventive behavior were also identified. Recognition of these educational needs is important because individual counseling or community education programs may be the only feasible preventive measures for certain injuries, particularly those that require parents to make substantial behavioral changes.

Accident Prevention↗