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Biomedical subjects

K A Parrow

Publications and source records attributed to K A Parrow.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Needling revision of failed filtering blebs with adjunctive 5-fluorouracil.

We investigated the outcome of needling revision with adjunctive subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) performed on 30 eyes of 30 consecutive glaucoma patients with failed filtering blebs 49.0 +/- 65.4 weeks after trabeculectomy. Follow up was 67.3 +/- 22.8 weeks from the time of the first needling revision and 49.9 +/- 26.2 weeks from the last needling procedure. Twenty-four (80%) of the eyes were treatment successes after 2.6 +/- 1.9 needling revisions, with a mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of 13.9 +/- 3.7 mm Hg on 1.5 +/- 1.1 medications, a significantly lower mean IOP and number of medications than before the procedure (32.5 +/- 7.8 mm Hg on 1.7 +/- 1.5 medications [P < .001, paired t-test]). Needling revision with adjunctive 5-FU appears to be a safe and effective means of reestablishing filtration.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Measured and predicted anterior chamber depth for transscleral suture-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses.

Variables in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations include axial length, average dioptric power of the cornea, and an assumed pseudophakic anterior chamber depth (ACD). In the case of transscleral suture-fixated posterior chamber (PC) IOLs, ACD depends on the placement of the suture and thus might be expected to vary more than it does in eyes with capsular-fixated IOLs. To assess the degree of this variation, we determined the postoperative pseudophakic ACD using A-scan ultrasonography in 15 patients with transscleral suture-fixated PC-IOLs. The mean pseudophakic ACD (posterior corneal vertex to anterior pseudophakos) was 3.47 +/- 0.69 mm. The mean absolute discrepancies in ACD between these measured values and those predicted by the original Binkhorst and the most recent Holladay formulas were 0.579 +/- 0.513 mm and 0.639 +/- 0.519 mm, respectively. In 11 of 15 eyes, the measured ACD was within 1 mm of that predicted by either the Binkhorst or Holladay formula, suggesting that either will provide reasonable estimates of ACD for IOL power calculations for suture-fixated PC-IOLs.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1992

Intraocular pressure-dependent dynamic changes of optic disc cupping in adult glaucoma patients.

The authors performed a study of intraocular pressure-dependent changes in optic disc cupping in 17 adults with chronic open-angle glaucoma. Analyses with the Rodenstock Optic Nerve Head Analyzer were performed at baseline low intraocular pressure during therapy, after elevation of intraocular pressure (from therapeutic failure or noncompliance), and after reduction of intraocular pressure with successful therapy. Optic disc cupping increased significantly upon short-term increase of intraocular pressure from baseline of 20.4 +/- 2.5 mmHg to 31.1 +/- 5.9 mmHg. Optic disc cupping reverted to baseline after persistent intraocular pressure reduction to 19.3 +/- 4.8 mmHg. These data demonstrate intraocular pressure-dependent dynamic changes of optic disc cupping in patients with demonstrable glaucomatous optic nerve damage. They underscore the detrimental effect of elevated intraocular pressure and the beneficial effect of intraocular pressure reduction on optic disc cup changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Adjunctive viscoelastic therapy for postoperative ciliary block.

Following Molteno device implantation, trabeculectomy, or needling revision of trabeculectomy, six eyes of six chronic glaucoma patients developed a flat anterior chamber without hypotony, ciliochoroidal detachment, pupillary block, or external wound leak. The ciliary block did not respond to vigorous medical and laser therapy. We performed an intracameral injection of sodium hyaluronate, which resulted in maintenance of a full anterior chamber and normal intraocular pressure in all of the six eyes. The use of intracameral viscoelastic appears to be a reasonable adjunct for management of ciliary block not responsive to vigorous medical therapy and intracameral air injection trial, before attempting more extensive surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Intraocular pressure-dependent retinal vascular change in adult chronic open-angle glaucoma patients.

Intraocular pressure (IOP)-dependent retinal vascular changes were investigated in 33 eyes of 33 adult chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG) patients by measuring major retinal vascular calibers at the optic disc border before and after mean (+/- standard deviation) IOP reduction from 35.3 (+/- 7.2) to 16.5 (+/- 4.7) mmHg for 11.2 (+/- 13.5) weeks. Both mean arterial and venous calibers were significantly reduced (P less than 0.0001 for each), from 87.8 (+/- 14.2) and 128.3 (+/- 20.8) microns at high IOP to 82.0 (+/- 13.8) and 121.4 (+/- 18.5) microns at low IOP. Arterial and venous caliber decreases correlated positively with magnitude of IOP reduction (r = 0.503, P less than 0.01 and r = 0.555, P less than 0.001, respectively). While the IOP-dependent retinal arterial caliber change was highly significant in patients 55 years of age or younger (r = 0.636, P less than 0.01) and in the overall study group, it was not significant in patients older than 55 years (r = 0.205, P greater than 0.1). Age seems to be more influential than magnitude of IOP reduction in patients older than 55. Thus, diminished IOP-dependent retinal arterial caliber change in the elderly may be one factor contributing to the higher incidence and prevalence of glaucoma in this population.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Additive effect of 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride to nonselective beta-blockers.

The short-term additive effect and side effects of adding 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride to nonselective beta-blockers were investigated in 21 patients with ocular hypertension or early primary open-angle glaucoma. After a unilateral single dose application of topical 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride, intraocular pressure (IOP), heart rate, and interpalpebral distance were measured. The mean IOP of treated eyes showed a decline from a baseline of 20.0 +/- 3.0 mmHg to 18.1 +/- 3.2 mmHg at 1 hour (P less than 0.005), 16.5 +/- 2.6 mmHg at 2 hours (P less than 0.001), 15.2 +/- 2.5 mmHg at 3 hours (P less than 0.001), 18.5 +/- 3.0 mmHg at 12 hours (P = 0.02), and 19.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg at 24 hours (P = 0.2). No statistically significant change in the heart rate was seen. The interpalpebral distance of the treated eyes showed a significant increase (P less than 0.05) at all time intervals except 24 hours (P = 0.17). The authors conclude that 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride provides an additive pressure-lowering effect to nonselective beta-blockers for at least 12 hours after a single application, and shows promise as a useful adjunctive agent for short-term use in glaucoma therapy.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1991

Pattern of publication of ophthalmic abstracts in peer-reviewed journals.

Presentation of research work at scientific meetings and professional societies is an important first step toward effective scientific communication of research results. To determine the current publication patterns of abstracts, a computerized MEDLINE literature search was performed on 175 randomly selected ophthalmic clinical and basic science abstracts published in conjunction with two ophthalmic national meetings. This search revealed that 105 abstracts (60%) led to full-length articles in peer-reviewed journals within 50 to 56 months of the meeting date. A median interval of 13 months occurred from date of abstract publication to acceptance of the corresponding article. Most articles appeared within 3 years of abstract presentation. Sixty-four percent (48 of 75) of the posters and free papers presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology in November 1984 led to full-length articles, as did 57% (57 of 100) of the abstracts presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology in May 1985. These findings emphasize the preliminary nature of abstracts. The fact that nearly 60% of abstracts are published reflects favorably on the review process of both meetings.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1990

Enhancing filtration in the early postoperative trabeculectomy refractory to digital massage.

Digital massage often can be used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) after trabeculectomy or trabeculectomy combined with extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. However, occasionally filtration, and thus IOP reduction, is refractory to massage. We present a pressure-lowering technique in which focal pressure is applied adjacent to the trabeculectomy flap firmly enough to indent the sclera and induce bleb formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Is it worthwhile to add dipivefrin HCl 0.1% to topical beta 1-, beta 2-blocker therapy?

In a prospective study, the addition of dipivefrin hydrochloride 0.1% twice daily to one eye of 32 patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, maintained on a bilateral beta 1-, beta 2-blocker twice daily, resulted in a significant decrease of mean intraocular pressure (IOP) from 22.7 +/- 3.9 to 20.2 +/- 3.4 mmHg at 1 week (P = 0.0001) and to 21.0 +/- 3.8 mmHg at 12 weeks (P less than 0.02) in the dipivefrin-treated eyes. On the other hand, no significant change was noted in the fellow eyes (from 21.7 +/- 4.1 to 21.6 +/- 4.0 mmHg at 1 week and to 21.3 +/- 4.2 mmHg at 12 weeks). The addition of dipivefrin resulted in an IOP reduction of 2 mmHg or more in 50% and 3 mmHg or more in 19% of the eyes throughout the 12-week therapy. The result of the current study provides a realistic guideline as to what to expect from the common practice of adding dipivefrin hydrochloride to a beta 1-, beta 2-blocker regimen.

Administration, Topical↗