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Biomedical subjects

K Azuma

Publications and source records attributed to K Azuma.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Hepatic glycolytic intermediates and glucoregulatory enzymes in septic shock due to peritonitis: experimental study in rats].

The hypoglycemia in septic shock due to peritonitis indicates deranged carbohydrate metabolism. To determine if this metabolic failure could be attributed to changes of glucoregulatory enzymes and glycolytic intermediates, activities and changes of these substances in septic shock have been studied in rats. Liver tissue was sampled 5 hours after induction of peritonitis by cecal incision in fasted male rats. Hepatic glycolytic intermediates were assayed by UV-spectrophotometry. Peritonitis caused 33% decrease in glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a 2.5 fold increase in fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) and a 3.5 fold increase in lactate. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) levels did not show a significant increase in peritonitis. We investigated activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase), phosphofructokinase ( PFKase ) and pyruvate kinase ( PKase ) in mitochondria-free supernatants from rat liver homogenates. Tissue was sampled 5 hours after induction of peritonitis by cecal incision. Assays were conducted at optimal substrate levels at pH 7.4; NADH charges produced by coupled reactions were determined by UV-spectrophotometry. A significant increase of PFKase and PKase specific activity was observed. These changes were consistent with stimulated glycolysis. For gluconeogenesis to achieve maximum efficiency it would be necessary to inhibit PFKase and PKase completely.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Endogenous endotoxin absorption and the role of intestinal lymphatics.

We investigated the absorption routes of endotoxin derived from the intestine of rabbits with or without thoracic duct lymph drainage (TDLD). The intestinal circulatory disorders induced were superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) and superior mesenteric vein occlusion (SMVO). Detection and quantitation of endotoxin in plasma and lymph were carried out using a synthetic chromogenic substrate (peptide-4-methyl-coumarin amide, MCA). In the SMAO group, endotoxin levels in portal plasma exceeded levels in lymph from the thoracic duct throughout the experiment, and in the SMVO group, the relationship was reversed. In peripheral arterial blood, endotoxin levels were significantly lower in rabbits with TDLD than in those with intact lymphatic system. Intestinal lymphatics probably play an important role in appearance of systemic endotoxemia in non-septic shock.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

[Combination action of sisomicin, dibekacin and cefotetan, cefotaxime, latamoxef, and cefsulodin against Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The combined actions of sisomicin (SISO), dibekacin (DKB) and cefotetan (CTT), cefotaxime (CTX), latamoxef (LMOX), cefsulodin (CFS) against E coli KC-14, S. marcescens T-55 and P. aeruginosa E-2 were studied. The following results were obtained. The combination of SISO-CTT, SISO-CTX, SISO-LMOX, SISO-CFS, DKB-CTT, DKB-CTX, DKB-LMOX and DKB-CFS using the checker board dilution method on E. coli KC-14, S. marcescens T-55, P. aeruginosa E-2 were found to have a synergistic effect and the minimum FIC index values were 0.26--0.50 for SISO and 0.28--0.75 for DKB, respectively. With the killing kinetic method, all combinations tested showed a synergistic effect.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

The action of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on the hypersensitivity of frog photoreceptor.

The increase in sensitivity of frog photoreceptors after illumination, "hypersensitivity", was studied by recording fast-PIII responses of the isolated bull frog retina superfused with physiological saline containing 5 mM sodium aspartate. The hypersensitivity is mot marked after illumination which bleaches only 0.01% of the rhodopsin initially present. The wavelength of light, which is optimum to induce the hypersensitivity, is about 500 nm. Several kinds of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), papaverine, theophylline and caffeine act to induce the hypersensitivity, as does lowered extracellular concentrations of calcium ion, [Ca2+]out. Such action of phosphodiesterase inhibitor can be antagonized by an increase in [Ca2+]out. The relation between effects of Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotides on photoreceptor is discussed.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗