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Biomedical subjects

K B Jumah

Publications and source records attributed to K B Jumah.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Women with painful breasts without palpable masses: do they really need a mammogram?

This prospective study was carried out over a period of 36 months, and the study population was, all the women (726) referred for mammograms on account of painful breast(s) without palpable masses. They were matched with the same number of asymptomatic women in a control group. The mammographic findings in the women with painful breast(s) and no palpable masses were normal in 639 (88%), benign in 80 (11%), suspicious in 2 (0.3%) and malignant in 5 (0.7%). In the control group mammograms showed normal breasts in 625 (86.1%), benign and suspicious lesions in 87 (12%) and 7 (1.0%) respectively. Malignant lesions were recorded in 7 (0.9%) women. The prevalence of breast cancer was similar in women with painful breast(s) and the control asymptomatic cases. Our reports show that inspite of the pain experienced by the women in this study mammography had a low diagnostic yield of malignant lesions, just as it was found in the control group. Mammography therefore, in these patients will only provide reassurance.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

CT evaluation of intracranial subdural haematoma: an Accra experience.

This is a descriptive analysis of the Computed Tomographic (CT) findings in 50 cases of intracranial subdural haematoma in Accra. The majority of patients were adults, though no age group was immune. The frequent aetiological factor in the series was trauma. Other remote causes such as meningitis and sickle cell disease were reported. The male to female ratio was 2.6:1, while the mean age was 32.4 years. Subdural Haematoma (SDH) was classified into various subtypes by their CT densities. The commonest type, the hyperdense or acute haematoma was reported in 56% of the patients. CT features noted in the series, include ventricular alteration, seen in 31 (62%) and were more often noted in the acute and isodense bleeds. Ipsilateral effacement of cerebral sulci was observed in only 10% of cases. Concave haematoma borders were reported in 76%. SDH were more often found on the left aspect of the cranium (52%), particularly in the frontal and pariental lobes. Evacuated surgery was done in only 9 of the series, where haematoma was demonstrated in more than 3 tomographic slices. Flake-like calcifications were found in three cases of long standing haematoma. Against the above background CT can be described as an appropriate diagnostic tool in clinical evaluation of SDH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Computerised tomographic scan of the head in evaluation of stroke in Ghanaians.

One thousand and three patients clinically diagnosed as stroke cases were investigated using computerised tomographic (CT) scan. No diagnosis was made in 56 (5.58%) of the patients. While 56 cases had the CT scans reported as normal, in 40 (4.99%) of the patients disorders other than stroke were diagnosed. They included remediable causes like subdural haematoma (ten cases), cerebral abscess (eight cases), meningioma (four cases), other brain tumours (eighteen cases). Nine hundred and seven of the patients were proven to have suffered a stroke; 547 (60.3%) were haemorrhagic and 360 (39.7%) were infarctive. These results are at variance with previous studies from West Africa which made infarcts the commoner stroke type, but reflect those found in Blacks elsewhere in South Africa and America. Our results were achieved through the use of the CT scan as opposed to the earlier clinically-diagnosed West African studies. The larger number of haemorrhagic strokes had therapeutic implications. Trepidation in the use of anticoagulants, thrombolytics and fibrinolytics before proof of the pathological type is advised. Although clinical evaluation may be more cost-effective in the management of stroke, brain imaging techniques are recommended for accuracy in diagnosis and appropriate management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Common faults in filling of radiological request forms.

This prospective study was carried out in Ghana, Sierra Leone and Nigeria. The aim was to highlight to the clinicians the common faults encountered in radiological request forms and to make recommendations aimed at improving information given on such forms which will facilitate better reporting by radiologists. 4,122 request forms from the three institutions were reviewed using a questionnaire and were analysed. The commonest fault was omission of the age of the patients; this occurred in 1,176 cases. Absence of clinical information in the request forms was noted in 946 cases and illegible entries were 658. There were 65 unconventional abbreviations used by clinicians on request forms. We recommend regular clinico-radiological meetings as continuing medical education for hospital doctors and general practitioners and also vetting of request forms for specialized radiological examinations to reduce the short-comings.

Forms and Records Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomographic evaluation of Pott's disease in Accra.

BACKGROUND: Radiological investigations are central in the diagnosis and management of TB spine. In Ghana there is a dearth of literature on the disorder. This paper seeks to describe the CT features of the bony and soft tissue changes in Pott's disease. METHOD: It is a descriptive report of the CT scans performed on 30 patients with proven Pott's disease from January 1998 to December 2000 at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Accra, Ghana. RESULTS: The disorder was common among children and young adults (76.7%). Chronic back pain was the frequent presenting complain (53.3%). The dorsal spine remains the site of preference while T11 recorded the highest incidence (73.3%). The vertebral body was destroyed in all the cases and the fragmentary type of bone destruction was the common observation. The incidence of cord compression demonstrated by CT was high (73.3%). Other findings were paraspinal and epidural masses observed in (66.7%) and (73.3%) respectively. CONCLUSION: CT images demonstrated the spinal level of destruction. Improved resolution also showed detailed changes within the outlined soft tissue masses, facilitating early diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Review of myelograms in evaluation of spinal lesions prior to advent of computed tomography (CT) scan in Ghana.

We retrospectively reviewed myelographic appearances of 2005 patients in ten years prior to advent of computed tomography (CT) scan in three major hospitals in Ghana. 877 (43.75%) were normal and 1128 (56.25%) were pathological. The lesions detected were spondylosis 321 (28.22%), disc herniation 272 (24.37%) trauma 172 (15.25%), Pott's disease 133 (11.79%), spinal tumours 101 (8.96%); Arachnoiditis 74 (6.56%) and spinal stenosis 46 (4.07%). Myelography still remains the examination of choice in the investigation of spinal lesions in the sub-region.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage: computed tomographic patterns in Accra.

The diagnosis of stroke and the ability to distinguish the subtypes is central in the management of patients. This CT study has confirmed an increased prevalence of stroke (CVA) among Ghanaians. It has also reaffirmed a relatively higher incidence (52.9%) of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage over cerebral infarcts among the 1,172 stroke patients studied. The study points to a male preponderance and a mean age of 55.7 years. Parenchymal haemorrhage was found to be the commonest variety of these haemorrhages. It occurred in 83.6% of cases while primary subarachnoid haemorrhage was reported in only 8.1% of cases. Ventricular extension of the parenchymal haemorrhage was reported in 22.7% of cases. The latter were mostly unilateral and on the left side especially in the parietal lobe (70.9%), subdural haemorrhage like the parenchymal variety was also reported to be more on the left, mainly unilateral and acute. Haemorrhages in the cerebellum and pons which are normally difficult to diagnose were also outlined with ease in the CT images. Other CT findings in these patients include parilesional oedema and mass effect found in 87.10% and 77.4% respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomographic patterns of intracranial infarcts in Ghanaians.

Computed tomography has given a boost to intracranial imaging in general, and the diagnosis of the subtypes of Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) in particular. In this study of 1,172 cases of CVA examined by Computed Tomography (CT), 552 (47.10%) showed features of cerebral infarction. There was a male prevalence in the study and the mean age was 59.8 years. As in all infarcts the diagnostic appearance was a wedge shaped hypodensity within the brain parenchyma. This was most often found in the parietal lobe (73.6%) and was always without a mass effect. Even though solitary infarcts were frequent, multiple lesions were reported in 9.3% of cases and these group of respondents presented mostly with seizures. Diabetes mellitus was an important predisposing factor and was found in 163% of cases, while hypertension was found in only 9.1% of cases studied. Other CT findings were cerebral and cerebrellar atrophy. Calcification of the falx and the basal ganglia were also noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between load carrying on the head and cervical spondylosis in Ghanaians.

Three hundred and five patients (164 males and 141 females) with mean age 39.9 with standard deviation 7.3 and a range of 29-78 years were involved in a study to find out the relationship between load carrying on the head and cervical spondylosis. Out of 225 patients who carried loads on their head, 143 (63.6%) had cervical spondylosis, and of the 80 people who did not carry load on their head, 29 (36%) had cervical spondylosis. 131 (58%) of those who carried load did so regularly with an average weight of about 15 kg or more over a period 10-15 years or more. It is concluded that cervical spondylosis is not exclusively an ageing phenomenon, but that regular heavy load carrying on the head plays an aetiological role.

Adult↗