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Biomedical subjects

K B Simons

Publications and source records attributed to K B Simons.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

DNA flow cytometry of sebaceous cell carcinomas of the ocular adnexa: introduction to the technique in the evaluation of periocular tumors.

DNA content abnormalities are well recognized in tumor cell biology and kinetics. We introduce the technique of DNA flow cytometry through the study of the sebaceous cell carcinomas of the ocular adnexa. By correlating the data to the standard histopathologic parameters of pagetoid changes, degree of anaplasia, and stromal inflammation, significant associations are revealed. All aneuploid tumors demonstrate pagetoid spread, and more severe anaplasia and stromal inflammation. All diploid tumors are nonpagetoid and have lesser degrees of anaplasia and stromal inflammation. A complete review of the technique with a discussion of the implications and applicability to the study of ocular adnexal tumors is presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Blastomycosis of the eyelid and conjunctiva.

A 37-year-old man with a recurrent papillomatous lesion of the upper eyelid and four separate bulbar conjunctival ulcers was found to have North American blastomycosis. This represents the first reported case with conjunctival lesions that were not simply contiguous with eyelid involvement. This case underscores the importance of considering blastomycosis in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous conjunctivitis and when examining a lesion of the eyelid resembling a squamous cell carcinoma or atypical papilloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Orbital metastasis as the presenting sign of adenocarcinoma of the breast.

A 64-year-old woman presented with periorbital induration of 6 months' duration. Computed tomography (CT) revealed enlargement of extraocular muscles. A biopsy specimen of the orbicularis muscle and indurated preaponeurotic fat demonstrated an infiltrating carcinoma, and immunoperoxidase studies for surface antigens suggested a metastatic adenocarcinoma. Extensive evaluation revealed a 1-cm subareolar breast mass, with histopathological features identical to those of the orbital lesion. Orbital metastasis presenting before the diagnosis of a primary breast cancer is unusual, particularly in the absence of other disseminated disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We describe the case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) and subsequent rapid neurologic deterioration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with AIDS and INO.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Mycobacterium fortuitum keratitis.

Two of four cases of Mycobacterium fortuitum keratitis occurred after corneal surgery with contact lens wear, one was associated with extended contact lens wear alone, and one occurred after a foreign body injury. All cases were characterized by pain, conjunctival hyperemia, stromal inflammation, and ulceration. Diagnosis was made by culture and acid-fast staining of corneal scrapings. On the basis of published experience with amikacin for the treatment of nonocular M. fortuitum infections, three patients were treated with topical amikacin. Two patients responded clinically, but histopathologic examination of a penetrating keratoplasty specimen in one of the two disclosed persistent infection. One patient was cured of early disease by debridement alone. Rapid diagnosis and absence of corticosteroid use were the two most important determinants of successful therapy. In advanced cases, infection may be cured and useful vision restored by penetrating keratoplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Blepharopigmentation: histopathologic observations and X-ray microanalysis.

Blepharopigmentation or permanent eyeliner is a popular cosmetic procedure currently performed by a variety of methods. All methods attempt to implant ferrous oxide pigment into the dermis. We performed histopathologic studies on a series of three eyelid specimens, including two by a previously undescribed multi-needle pigment delivery system. Light microscopy revealed the epidermis to be pigment-free and the dermis to contain pigment in clumps. Transmission electron microscopy (EM) demonstrated that the pigment was largely in macrophages. Energy-dispersive x-ray micro-analysis showed that in addition to iron and talc, titanium particles were also present. These findings suggest that the pigment is tolerated by the eyelid despite the fact that current pigments are contaminated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of craniopharyngioma.

Craniopharyngiomas are common tumors located in the suprasellar region. Contrast enhancement, cyst formation, and calcification are the three characteristic features of craniopharyngiomas on computed tomographic scan. More than 90% of suprasellar craniopharyngiomas exhibit at least two of these three features, thus providing easy radiologic detection. We treated a 41-year-old man in whom a large suprasellar craniopharyngioma producing severe visual loss was not detected by computed tomography but was easily identified with magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, despite high-resolution computed tomographic scan, large suprasellar craniopharyngiomas can be missed. Magnetic resonance imaging may be superior to computed tomography in detecting these tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cavernous hemangioma of the lacrimal fossa.

A 56-year-old woman presented with proptosis of the left eye for over 1 year. The clinical presentation and computerized tomographic scan findings were consistent with a benign mixed lacrimal gland tumor. An extensive excision of the tumor was planned through a lateral orbitotomy with bone flap. After construction of the bone flap, the clinical appearance of the tumor was not consistent with a benign mixed lacrimal gland tumor. Frozen section pathology was interpreted as cavernous hemangioma. A simple excision of the tumor with preservation of the lacrimal gland was performed. It is emphasized that benign mixed lacrimal gland tumors require extensive excision to prevent recurrence. However, other tumors may have a similar clinical presentation, as in this case, and the surgeon must consider this possibility prior to performing radical surgery.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed1985

Intracameral administration of alpha-MSH increases intraocular pressure in rabbits.

A growing body of evidence suggests that neural peptides may induce important modulations on vegative and motor functions of the eye. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intracameral (I.C.) administration of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and several other ocular peptides on intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits. alpha-MSH (5 micrograms) produced a significant and prolonged unilateral increase of IOP. This effect of I.C. alpha-MSH was dose-dependent (ED50 = 2.5 micrograms). Structure-activity studies revealed that equimolar doses of beta-MSH and gamma-MSH, unlike alpha-MSH, were totally ineffective. In addition, the structurally unrelated peptides beta-endorphin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) did not affect IOP, when tested in a dose equimolar to 5 micrograms of alpha-MSH. These results confirm and extend previous observations, suggesting that alpha-MSH may be an important factor involved in regulation of IOP.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pupillary effects of neurotensin: structure-activity relationships.

We have previously reported that intracameral (I.C.) administration of neurotensin (NT) potently induces a time- and dose-dependent miosis in rabbits. This study was designed to determine structure-function relationships for NT-induced miosis. NT and twelve different fragments and analogs of NT, and the structurally-unrelated peptides beta-endorphin (beta-end), somatostatin (SRIF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were tested in a dose equimolar to 30 micrograms of NT for their effects on pupillary diameter (PD) in rabbits. In confirmation of previous findings, NT produced significant miosis. Followed in order of duration of effect were D-Trp11-NT, D-Tyr11-NT, the N-terminal fragment NT1-12, [Gln4] - NT and NMe-NT. The N-terminal fragment NT1-8, D-Arg8-NT, and D-Phe11-NT were weakly active. In addition, the initial N-terminal fragment NT1-6 and the C-terminal fragments NT8-13 and NT9-13 did not affect PD. D-Pro10-NT, beta-end, SRIF, and TRH were totally ineffective. The results of this investigation contribute to support a role for NT on regulation of pupillary function, and suggest that the midportion of NT appears to be critical for the expression of NT-induced miosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Vitreous in lattice degeneration of retina.

A localized pocket of missing vitreous invariably overlies lattice degeneration of the retina. Subjects with lattice also have a higher rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which is usually a complication of retinal tears. The latter are in turn a result of alterations in the central vitreous--that is, synchysis senilis leading to posterior vitreous detachment. In order to determine if there is either an association or a deleterious interaction between the local and central lesions of the vitreous in eyes with lattice, a comparison was made in autopsy eyes with and without lattice the degree of synchysis and rate of vitreous detachment. Results show no association between the local and central vitreous lesions, indicating that a higher rate of vitreous detachment is not the basis for the higher rate of retinal detachment in eyes with lattice. Also, there was no suggestion of deleterious interaction between the local and central vitreous lesions, either through vitreodonesis as a basis for precocious vitreous detachment, or through a greater degree of synchysis as a basis for interconnection of local and central lacunae (which could extend the localized retinal detachment in eyes with holes in lattice degeneration).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Orbital inflammation, myositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 39-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experienced three episodes of acute orbital inflammation, a primary feature of each being a markedly enlarged extraocular muscle (myositis). The muscles of the upper trunk were concomitantly inflamed, and full-thickness skin and muscle biopsy specimens demonstrated an inflammatory myositis. The case demonstrates that orbital proptosis and extraocular myositis can be features of SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of lesions predisposing to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment by race of subjects.

Because rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are thought to be much less common in blacks than in whites, we compared the incidence of various lesions known to cause or predispose to this condition (synchysis senilis, posterior vitreous detachment, breaks, tears, and holes of the peripheral fundus, and lattice degeneration of the retina) in a series of postmortem eyes on the basis of race. Our statistical analysis also included trauma, myopia, and chorioretinitis. The series included 322 black subjects and 2,012 white subjects. The subjects ranged in age from 20 to 93 years at the time of death. Although the initial data showed a racial difference in the incidence of synchysis senilis of grade 3 (50% destruction) or higher and posterior vitreous detachment (P = .033 and P = .021, respectively), we found no difference when the data were age-corrected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Choroidal malignant melanoma in siblings.

Choroidal malignant melanoma was diagnosed on pathologic examination of enucleated globes from a 54-year-old man and his 58-year-old sister. The brother had been monitored at four-month intervals for four years because of a choroidal lesion, which abruptly increased in size, in his left eye. Three years after an examination with normal findings, the sister developed a retinal detachment with a pigmented dome in her right eye. Both patients are doing well five years (Patient 1) and two years (Patient 2) after enucleation. Screening examinations detected two cases of benign melanoma (nevi) in 18 close relatives but this incidence did not exceed chance.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Transient retinal striae.

Transient retinal folding was observed in a 28-year-old woman presenting with bilateral uveal inflammation. These retinal striae resolved within 5 weeks as the anterior uveal inflammation responded to topical cycloplegic and corticosteroid therapy. Ultrasonographic findings demonstrated choroidal thickening as a contributing factor in the production of these temporary retinal folds. We present this unusual case since transient retinal folding has been rarely documented, and as far as we are aware, has not been previously investigated by ultrasonography.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗