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Biomedical subjects

K Baba

Publications and source records attributed to K Baba.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Herpes zoster in a normal child after varicella vaccination.

A healthy 5 year old girl developed herpes zoster in the dermatome supplied by the ophthalmic branch of the fifth cranial nerve 40 months after varicella vaccination. She was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and painful vesicular lesions over the left side of her forehead. She was treated successfully with systemic and topical acyclovir without developing herpetic keratoconjunctivitis. Our acute and convalescent phase evaluations showed that non-specific cellular and humoral immunity was normal. This is the fourth case of herpes zoster developing in an immunocompetent child following vaccination. Unlike the previously reported cases, our patient required hospitalization mainly to prevent ocular involvement. The issue concerning whether the universal introduction of varicella vaccination of normal children will reduce the incidence of the subsequent occurrence of herpes zoster must await further studies involving longer follow-up periods.

Chickenpox Vaccine↗
PubMed1995

Radiation-induced decrease in nitric oxide synthase--containing nerves in the rat penis.

PURPOSE: Evaluate effect of prostatic irradiation on erectile function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-seven male adult rats were divided into three groups according to a single radiation dose to the prostate: control (no irradiation) (n = 15), 1,000 cGy (n = 15), and 2,000 cGy (n = 17). Five months after irradiation, rats underwent evaluation of penile vascularity and of erectile response to central and peripheral stimulation. After the study a proximal-shaft penile segment was obtained for staining. RESULTS: Histologic evaluation demonstrated that, with increasing radiation, the number of nitric oxide synthase-containing nerve fibers per penile segment decreased significantly: control, 225.6 +/- 9.7; 1,000 cGy, 156.3 +/- 12.0; 2,000 cGy, 85.8 +/- 10.1 (standard error of the mean). Maximal intracavernous pressure induced with electrostimulation decreased significantly with increasing radiation dose. After injection of papaverine, maximal intracavernous pressure was significantly decreased in only the 2,000-cGy group. CONCLUSION: A dose of 2,000 cGy over the prostatic bed induces erectile dysfunction by causing defects in the vascular supply of the erectile tissue and in the nerves and smooth muscle.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

[Study on relationship between anterior components of lateral occlusion and muscle activity. Part 1. Anterior components of lateral occlusion].

a) Angle of frontal and horizontal inclination b) position c) numbers and d) area of the contact points at several lateral occlusions which have different distances from the intercuspal position (ICP) were examined on 12 normal subjects to suggest the normal form of lateral occlusion. Each lateral contact point was different due to the LED jaw tracing device with which the angle was measured, and the position, numbers and the area were measured using black silicon methods. The results were as follows: 1. On the angle of frontal inclination, 70% of the subjects showed 25-45 degrees, and especially at the canine's edge to the edge lateral position (EDGE position), C.P. group and G.F. group had significantly different frontal angles. The angle of horizontal inclination had a negative correlation to the frontal inclination, 70% of the subjects showed 20-35 degrees for this angle. 2. The angle of frontal and horizontal inclination was not affected by the balancing contacts. 3. At a 2 mm lateral position from the ICP, the correlation between the angle of frontal inclination with the numbers and area of lateral occlusal contact was more negative than that at another lateral position.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Report of dental treatment for an island of Okinawa].

Dental treatment was performed on the the inhabitants of Iriomote Island, which is a non-dentist island at present, in Okinawa; two hundred forty-five patients received the treatment for 647 man-days during the period from July 6 through 28, 1994. Since completion of the treatment plan was considered to be necessary during that period, treatments for many teeth had to be done simultaneously because a large number of dental caries and periodontal disease were found. Dental hygienic education such as brushing instruction was made but the long-term educational program is considered to be important so as to prevent dental disease as well. It is to be desired that many dentists become interested in the treatment in non-dentist areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of adult Wilms' tumor with vena caval involvement].

The patient was a 35-year-old female with the chief complaint of macrohematuria. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the presence of a large and inhomogeneous mass in the left kidney, and a tumor thrombus growing in the inferior vena cava. Angiography also showed a hypervascular tumor in the left kidney. The chest X-ray and CT scan demonstrated multiple metastatic lesions in the bilateral lungs. Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy was performed under the diagnosis of left renal tumor with its invasion of inferior vena cava. Pathological findings revealed that this tumor was nephroblastoma, and its type was clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK). The patient received chemotherapy according to National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) IV chemotherapeutic drug regimen. In general, CCSK is known to have poor prognosis. However, doxorubicin has been reported to have a relatively good antitumor effect for CCSK. However, in this case, the evaluation after the first course of chemotherapy was progressive disease, because some new lesions appeared, although most old pulmonary metastatic lesions were reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Ileovesical fistula caused by long-term indwelling of urethral catheter: a case report].

A case of an ileovesical fistula is reported. The patient was a 32-year-old female who suffered from spina bifida. She had had a urethral catheter indwelt at 13 years old for continuous incontinence caused by atrophic bladder. The patient noted lower abdominal discomfort and fecal urine at age 31 in January, 1989 and urination from anal appeared in March, 1990. In November, 1990, the patient was introduced to our hospital and diagnosed with ileovesical fistula. We performed partial cystectomy, ileal wedge resection and cystostomy on this patient. The pathological findings showed chronic inflammatory change. The ileovesical fistula may have been caused by a long-term indwelling of urethral catheter. We discussed the ileovesical fistula and the treatment of neurogenic bladder in a patient of spina bifida.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Panaxynol, a polyacetylene compound isolated from oriental medicines, inhibits mammalian lipoxygenases.

Panaxynol is a polyacetylene compound isolated from commonly used oriental medicines, and its effects on various cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases were investigated. The compound had only a marginal effect on cyclooxygenase activities (IC50 values >> 100 microM), but inhibited lipoxygenases; 5-lipoxygenase (IC50, 2 microM), two isoforms of 12-lipoxygenase (leukocyte-type, 1 microM; platelet-type, 67 microM) and 15-lipoxygenase (4 microM). Thus, panaxynol inhibited leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase much more effectively than platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase. Falcarindiol, an analogue of panaxynol, inhibited these lipoxygenases with higher IC50 values than panaxynol. These compounds could provide a clue to develop a selective inhibitor of one isoform of 12-lipoxygenase.

Alkynes↗
PubMed1994

A subpopulation of olivocerebellar projection neurons express neuropeptide Y.

By neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes for this peptide, a subpopulation of neurons in the caudal portions of the rat dorsal and medial accessory olives were found to express NPY immunoreactivity and mRNA. In the cerebellum, NPY-immunolabeled climbing fibers were distributed to the flocculus and parts of vermal cortex. The results suggest particular association of NPY with the climbing fiber system presumably mediating spinal, visual and vestibular inputs.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical detection of CEA, CA19-9, and DF3 in esophageal carcinoma limited to the submucosal layer.

The immunohistochemical expression of CEA, CA19-9, and DF3 was studied in 20 normal epithelia, 11 cases of dysplasia, 32 squamous cell carcinomas restricted within the submucosal layer (SM carcinoma), and 42 advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus. The modes of expression were grouped into three patterns, i.e., negative, focal, and diffuse patterns. No diffuse expression of CEA, CA19-9, or DF3 was found in the normal squamous epithelium and dysplasia. In the carcinomas (32 SM carcinomas and 42 advanced carcinomas) the diffuse expression of CEA and CA19-9 was found in four lesions, and only one of the four lesions was an SM carcinoma, while the diffuse expression of DF3 was found in 16 of the 32 SM carcinomas and 25 of the 42 advanced carcinomas. These results indicated that the diffuse expression of these tumor-associated antigens were characteristic of tumor tissue in the esophagus, and particularly DF3 was diffusely expressed earlier than CEA or CA19-9. The expression of DF3 in the esophagus may, therefore, be a marker of the early stage of tumor growth.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1994

Cloning of a lectin cDNA and seasonal changes in levels of the lectin and its mRNA in the inner bark of Robinia pseudoacacia.

A cDNA clone encoding a lectin was isolated by immunological screening of an expression library prepared from poly(A)+ RNA from the inner bark of Robinia pseudoacacia. The cDNA clone (RBL104) had an open reading frame of 858 bp that encoded a polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 31210. This molecular weight corresponded closely to that of a polypeptide immunoprecipitated from products of translation in vitro of the poly(A)+ RNA. Thus, RBL104 appeared to be a full-length cDNA. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified lectin protein matched a portion of the predicted amino acid sequence. It appeared that the lectin was synthesized as a precursor that consisted of a putative signal peptide of 31 amino acids and a mature polypeptide of 255 amino acids. Southern blot analysis of the genomic DNA revealed that the lectin was encoded by a small multigene family. The lectin was mostly localized in the axial and ray parenchymal cells of the inner bark. A small amount of lectin was also found in the axial and ray parenchymal cells of the xylem. The lectin accumulated in the inner bark in September, remained at high levels during the winter and disappeared in May. The mRNA for the lectin was detected from August to the following March. The appearance and disappearance of the mRNA were observed prior to those of the lectin protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Automated monitoring of cell concentration and viability using an image analysis system.

In order to automate measurements of cell concentration and viability in a suspended animal cell culture, we have developed an in situ microscopic image analysis system with an effective cell recognition algorithm. With a small amount of sample, this system can measure the cell density rapidly and aseptically. In addition, it can measure a cell size histogram including cell debris small particle distribution. These small particles have been found to be related to the viability of the mouse-mouse hybridoma STK1 cell line. By using cell debris small particle density as an indicator of cell viability, the developed system provides non-destructive viability monitoring without trypan blue staining.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by daphnodorins.

Three flavans, daphnodorins A, B and C isolated from Dahpne odora THUNB. were tested for their abilities to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1(IIIB)) replication in MT-4 cells. The effective concentrations (EC50) of daphnodorins A, B and C against HIV-1-induced cytolysis were 0.26 +/- 0.08, 1.8 +/- 0.6 and 3.6 +/- 0.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. Also these three compounds showed inhibitory effects of p24 antigen in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. As compared with 2',3'-dideoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate (DDC-TP), daphnodorin A and daphnodorin C had relatively weak inhibitory effects on the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1, while daphnodorin B did not show any inhibitory effect at concentrations up to 1000 micrograms/ml. These three compounds showed marked inhibitory effects on syncytium formation between HIV-1(IIIB)-infected and uninfected MOLT-4 (clone 8) cells at 3-30 micrograms/ml without inducing cytotoxicity. The concentrations of the compounds blocking syncytium formation were consistent with the effective concentrations (EC50) against HIV-induced cytolysis of MT-4 cells. These results, differing from reverse transcriptase inhibitors, suggest that the daphnodorins exert their anti-HIV-1 activity through inhibition of early events of viral replication including adsorption of the virions to the cells or the subsequent entry.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1994

A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of intravenous gamma globulin therapy in children with acute Kawasaki disease.

We studied the effect of intravenous, polyethyleneglycol-treated, human immunoglobulin, administered at 200 mg/kg per day (group A: n = 147; male 86, female 61; age < 1 year, 50) or 400 mg/kg per day (group B: n = 152; male 87, female 65; age < 1 year, 52) for five consecutive days and compared it with freeze-dried, sulfonated human immunoglobulin [group C: n = 152; male 87, female 65; age < 1 year, 51), administered at 200 mg/kg per day for five consecutive days, on the prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease. Echocardiograms were interpreted blindly and independently. Proportions of 87.1%, 95.4%, and 82.3% in groups A, B, and C, respectively, had no coronary artery abnormalities. The confidence limits of difference between the proportions of groups A and C, groups B and C, and groups B and A were -4.4% and 10.4%, 7.8% and 15.9%, and 4.0% and 10.8%, respectively. Duration of fever and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were correlated with the prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities. We concluded that intravenous, polyethyleneglycol-treated, human immunoglobulin and freeze-dried, sulfonated human immunoglobulin had clinically equivalent effects on coronary artery abnormalities, and that five daily doses of 400 mg/kg of intravenous, polyethyleneglycol-treated, human immunoglobulin is more effective than that of 200 mg/kg gamma globulin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Identification of the cerebral motor cortex by focal magnetic stimulation: clinical application to neurosurgical patients.

A figure-8 coil was designed that was capable of generating currents over a relatively limited area. In this study, we used the figure-8 coil to localize human cerebral motor cortex by transcranial magnetic stimulation and assessed its value as a diagnostic tool for neurosurgical disease. The subjects were 10 normal volunteers and 12 neurosurgical patients. The points obtaining a response were plotted and the response area was delineated for each stimulus output. Rectangular coordinates were subsequently determined for the C3-Cz-C4 line with the stimulation sites set 1.0 cm apart. Then amplitude and latency maps were displayed by a computer wave map program. In normal volunteers, the posterior margin of the site where a threshold +5% stimulus obtained a response from the THE or ADM muscles almost coincided with the central sulcus. The optimal areas were relatively narrow on the amplitude and latency maps. In the patient with a left frontal convexity meningioma, the left threshold +5% area for the THE and ADM muscles showed marked anterolateral shift. No threshold map could be obtained on the affected side in patients with metastatic tumor and astrocytoma. Low perfusion areas caused by moyamoya disease and arteriovenous malformations produced narrowing of the optimal zone on the threshold map of the affected side. Hyperexcitability of the motor cortex was recognized in the arteriovenous malformation patients. Transcranial focal magnetic stimulation is a useful noninvasive diagnostic method for identification of the human cerebral motor cortex. It provides important information about changes in the localization and excitability of the motor cortex in neurosurgical patients and should be helpful for treatment planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Potentiation of antitumor effect of bleomycin by local electric pulses in mouse bladder tumor.

C3H mice bearing subcutaneously transplanted mouse bladder carcinoma (MBT-2) were treated with intramuscular injection of bleomycin followed by local delivery of electric pulses at the tumor site. The tumors markedly reduced and even disappeared for several days after this treatment. Neither electric pulses nor bleomycin administration alone showed a significant inhibitory effect on the tumor growth. Thus, it is demonstrated that in mouse bladder tumor the antitumor effect of bleomycin can be considerably potentiated by local electric pulses.

Animals↗