Mistakes in diagnosis and their causes. 1931.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Bahadur.
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Organo-molybdenum microstructures were prepared by visible light irradiation of ammonium molybdate, formaldehyde, ammonium phosphate and a mineral solution. These microstructures are shown to be capable of carbon dioxide photoreduction, nitrogenase activity, and water decomposition, and may represent a metabolic stage between the nonliving and the living.
The effect of lanthanum sulphate on five Azotobacter strains (4A7, 10, 5A2, 5A1, and 3A3) isolated from Allahabad soil consists in a considerable increase in the nitrogen fixation, carbon consumption and in the amount of nitrogen fixed in mg per g of carbon consumed. The presence of 200 microM, 300 microM and 400 microM lanthanum sulphate in culture media increases the fixation of nitrogen by all the nitrogen fixers significantly.
The photochemically formed microstructures, synthesized in sterilized aqueous mixture containing ammonium thiocyanate and formaldehyde in appropriate mineral environment in the presence of ferric chloride, on exposure to sunlight revealed the presence of phospholipids. The microsturctures synthesized in the unexposed mixture showed a less degree of synthesis. The microstructures showed the formation of amino acids, peptides, organic acids, and sugars as well.
Malonic and oleic acids were found in the typical mixtures. Samples containing alpha-naphthylamine gave oleic and malic acids which disintegrated with time of exposure. Tricarballylic acid was confirmed in presence of beta-naphthyl amine, but disappeared with time. Arachidic, tartaric, and adipic acids were found, but they disappeared in eight days' exposed samples. At later stages of exposure, malonic acid was observed along with sporadic appearances of citric , succinic, and oleic acids. Rate of disintegration of these compounds was directly proportional to time of exposure to sunlight.
The effect of ruthenium chloride in the culture media on the nitrogen-fixing ability of the three nitrogen fixers (unidentified species of Azotobacter, designated here as D3, B3, and B), isolated from Allahabad soil, was studied. It was observed that the nitrogen-fixing ability of the organisms is much increased in presence of 25-75 micro M concentration of ruthenium chloride in the culture media, while sugar consumption remains more or less steady. Also, if mg nitrogen fixed/g carbon consumed in two culture media with successive increasing concentrations of ruthenium chloride is compared by calculating the difference in increase of the amount of nitrogen fixed and carbon consumed in these two culture media, it was observed that high amounts of nitrogen are fixed by B3 and B between 25-50 micro M, and between 50-75 micro M concentration of ruthenium chloride by D3.
The photochemical formation of microstructures in 1:2:1:1 mixture of ammonium molybdate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, biological minerals, and formaldehyde showed better results at 9.6 x 10(-5) M concentration of magnesium sulphate in the mixture. The number of particles decreases with increasing concentration of magnesium sulphate.
The effect of inorganic and organic nitrogenous compounds on microbial nitrogen fixation with respect to the fixation cycle was investigated. Various nitrogenous compounds were added to the nutrient solution in concentrations of 2.5 mM and 5 mM. After incubation with the bacteria for fifteen days, the nitrogen and carbon contents were estimated.
The addition of molybdate in presence of uranyl acetate causes a considerable increase in nitrogen fixation in all the species of nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter, studied in this paper, as compared to the case in which these ions are taken separately (4, 3).
The effect of sodium tungstate in the culture media of three different species of Azotobacter, isolated from Allahabad soil, was studied. It was observed that the presence of tungstate in the culture media of bacterial sample A2 and A3 decreased the fixation of nitrogen, except in the bacterial sample A1.
Critical investigation of the effect of yttrium and cerium ions in culture media for nitrogen-fixing bacteria showed strong inhibition. There was a decrease in the amount of nitrogen fixed; simultaneously, in the samples containing cerium ions, carbon consumption values increased as the molarity of metal ion was enhanced. Inhibition rate was invariably maximum at the highest concentration of metal ions.
The effect of lanthanum sulphate together with 100 micrometer of sodium molybdate show that there is considerable increase in nitrogen fixation and carbon consumption in the culture medium of nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter species A1 and A2, isolated from Allahabad soil. But these combination decrease the nitrogen fixation and carbon consumption in case of another species, Azotobacter A3, of the same soil.
The effect of tetracycline on the formation of nucleic acid bases, found in photochemically synthesized micro-structures (called "jeewanu"), was investigated. Antibiotics have significant effects on the formation of photochemically synthesized micro-structures. Thus, tetracycline inhibits the formation of these micro-structures considerably and consequently the formation of nucleic acid bases in these micro-structures is hindered.
The best source of carbon, when used as the sodium salt of organic acids, is sodium salicylate which shows highest nitrogen fixation and also appreciably large amounts of nitrogen fixed per g carbon consumed. Next in order is sodium benzoate, then oxalate. Sodium citrate is followed by sowium acetate in the order of decreasing efficiency.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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