Autoimmunity in non-human primates: the role of major histocompatibility complex and T cells, and implications for therapy.
Two autoimmune disease models were studied in rhesus monkeys: type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Unrelated outbred animals were used in these studies. In both models disease resistant and susceptible individuals could be identified. Susceptibility correlated with in vitro cellular responsiveness to antigen in the CIA model. In both models resistant as well as susceptible individuals developed a humoral response to the inducing antigen. However, there is an indication that IgM antibodies play a crucial role in the induction of CIA. No clear association between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) type and disease incidence was found although a higher frequency of a certain DR type was observed in EAE susceptible monkeys. It is likely that both the antigen binding capacity of the MHC class II molecules and the T-cell repertoire play an important role in determining whether disease will develop or not.