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Biomedical subjects

K Bitter

Publications and source records attributed to K Bitter.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The iliac bone or osteocutaneous transplant pedicled to the deep circumflex iliac artery. I. Anatomical and technical considerations.

The technique of microsurgical vessel anastomosis has brought about many new ideas in reconstructive surgery. Many bone sites have been examined for their suitability as donor areas. For reconstructive purposes in the maxillo-facial region, the iliac bone has proven to be the best because of its shape and bulk. A large part of this bone is nourished by the deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA). Branches of this vessel surround the iliac crest, perforate the flat abdominal muscles, and supply blood to the overlying skin. The anatomical properties of this region present the possibility of raising a large osteomyocutaneous flap.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1983

The iliac bone or osteocutaneous transplant pedicled to the deep circumflex iliac artery. II. Clinical application.

10 patients received a bone or osteocutaneous transplant pedicled to the deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) after in-continuity resection of the mandible. 9 grafts healed primarily and were stable after a period of time corresponding to that needed in fractured bones. No infection or resorption occurred. In one case, varicosity made the vessel preparation impossible. Indications, reliability and pitfalls of this method are outlined and discussed in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A modified groin flap for reconstruction of oral cavity defects after tumour resection.

21 patients, suffering from carcinoma in the lower part of the oral cavity, were operated on by in-continuity resection of the mandible. The removed bone was replaced by a metal plate. The soft tissue defect was completely repaired by a modified free groin flap, transplanted with microsurgical techniques. 19 patients had a complete flap take, two flaps became necrotic. No metal plate was lost during a follow up period of 1-20 months. The functional results in respect of tongue mobility were in all cases quite favourable. Techniques of flap raising and transplantation are outlined in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Bone transplants from the Iliac crest to the maxillo-facial region by the microsurgical technique.

The deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) is a large vessel supplying the major part of the iliac bone and a considerable area of the overlying skin. It therefore displays ideal conditions for a free microsurgical transplant, consisting either of pure bone or of composite bone and skin. Results of cadaver dissections elucidated the surgical technique, which is described here in detail. In addition to this, two case reports are presented, concerning two patients in whom a composite osteocutaneous graft and a bone graft respectively which were transplanted microsurgically to the maxillofacial region. The advantages of this procedure are outlined, and future aspects of this method are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[57Co-bleomycin kinetics after local and systemic administration].

Using a mouse tumor model, an attempt was made to determine whether demonstrable differences could be established for the excretion and organ distribution of labeled bleomycin, whereby the tumor and local lymph node concentration were given special consideration. No significant differences could be established for the excretory behavior with different methods of application (i.t., i.v.). Organ distribution studies however showed that the blood and organ load after intravenous administration of 57Co bleomycin was higher and the tumor concentration significantly lower than after injection directly into the tumor. The lower organ load following injection directly into the tumor was investigated with a toxicity test.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

[Cellular transport mechanisms for 57Co-bleomycin].

The cell-specific absorption mechanism for 57Co bleomycin and the transport behavior was examined under various parameters in an in vitro tumor cell system. The 57Co bleomycin absorption of vital Ehrlich-ascites tumor cells showed a positive time-dose-temperature correlation plus a definite indication of an active intracellular transport mechanism. Because erythrocytes, as compared to Ehrlich-ascites tumor cells, absorb almost no 57Co bleomycin, it could be concluded indirectly that active transport of 57Co bleomycin into the intracellular space is controlled by endocytosis. The additional 57Co bleomycin absorption in membrane structures was also demonstrated in examinations of an Ehrlich-ascites tumor cell membrane preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Control of the course of unspecific cellular immune parameters in patients with squamous epithelial mouth carcinomas].

Observations of the development of nonspecific immunity parameters in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal cavity showed, on the one hand, that there is a significant difference between normal control subjects and tumor patients in all stages before and after therapy. On the other, however, it was established that continuous controls are not suitable for controlling the clinical course or determining the prognostic significance. On the basis of these findings, we have suspended our observations of the development of these nonspecific immunity parameters.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Kinetics of 57Co-bleomycin in mice after intravenous, subcutaneous and intratumoral injection.

In tumor-free and tumor-bearing mice the body clearance and organ distribution of 57Co-BLM was measured in different time intervals after iv, sc, and it administration of the drug. No significant differences could be demonstrated in body clearances following different doses and routes of application of labeled BLM in tumor-free and tumor-bearing mice. The organ distribution studies showed higher concentrations following iv compared to sc or it application of 57Co-BLM; however, the activity in the ipsilateral injection sites were significantly increased after sc and it injection. In tumor-bearing mice the activity in the draining lymph nodes of the injection site were as high as that seen in draining lymph nodes following iv injection. However, on the contralateral side, the lymph node concentration was significantly reduced after it injection. These results indicate on the basis of organ distribution of 57Co-BLM a rational basis for it treatment of malignant tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

57Co-bleomycin kinetics in normal and tumour-bearing mice after systemic and local administration.

In tumour-free and tumour-bearing mice the body clearance and organ distribution of 57Co-BLM was measured at different time intervals after iv., sc., and it. administration of the drug. No significant difference could be demonstrated in body clearance following different doses and routes of application of labelled BLM in tumour-free and tumour-bearing mice. The organ distribution studies showed higher concentrations following iv. compared to sc. or it. of 57Co-BLM; however, the activity in the ipsilateral injection sites was significantly increased after sc. and it. injection. In tumour-bearing mice the activity in the lymph nodes draining injection site was as high as that seen in the draining lymph nodes following iv. injection. However, on the contralateral side, the lymph node concentration was significantly reduced after it. injection. These results indicate on the basis or organ distribution of 57Co-BLM a rational basis for it. treatment of malignant tumours.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Unspecific cellular immunity before therapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.

An introduction to the role of lymphocytes in immunological reactions is given. Two fundamental categories of immunological response are described which are mediated by two distinct subpopulations of lymphocytes: B-lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immune reactions and T-lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity. Information is given on the role of the immune system in generation of anti-tumour activities and of mechanisms leading to an acceleration of tumour growth. Several pathways of cytotoxic and blocking reactions against target cells are mentioned. Furthermore, methods are described for monitoring the non-specific immune reactivity of the host. These nonspecific cellular immune responses in 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were compared with those in 30 healthy controls. Assays were performed in vitro to evaluate the blastogenic response of lymphocytes to the mitogens PHA (phytohaemagglutinin) and PWM (pokeweed mitogen) and to quantify T-rosetteforming lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. The in vivo assays used were the delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to the primary stimulus of DNCB (dinitro-chloro-benzene) and the recall reaction to PPD (purified protein derivate). The carcinoma patients demonstrated significant impairment of lymphocyte blastogenesis reactions to PHA but not to PWM. The percentage and absolute counts of T-rosettes was significantly reduced in cancer patients compared with normal controls. Skin test reactivity to de-novo sensitation with DNCB was significantly abnormal in patients with head and neck cancer. However, delayed type hypersensitivity evaluated with PPD (recall antigen) was not significantly reduced. After subdividing the cancer patients according to their clinical stage of disease and subsequent analysis, they showed no correlation between clinical stage and immune reactivity. These data indicate that PHA induced lymphocyte blastogenesis, enumeration of T-rosette levels and evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity reaction to DNCB are potentially useful for the study of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck to monitor effects of tumour treatment and perhaps to evaluate a correlation between immunocompetence and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The influence of postoperative chemotherapy with bleomycin, methotrexate and vincristine on the outgrowth of nerve axons after microsurgical nerve reconstruction. An experimental study.

Surgical therapy of epidermoid carcinoma of the maxillo-facial region often makes it necessary to sever important nerves (accessory, facial, mandibular). Microsurgical technique has made it possible to restore this damaged function by nerve transplantation. On the other hand, postoperative anticancer chemotherapy may inhibit axonal outgrowth after such transplantation procedure and thereby destroy the functional restoration. A single course of bleomycin, methotrexate and vincristine therapy in rats with previously created sciatic nerve anastomoses caused only a delay of axonal outgrowth in the case of vincristine therapy. The other two drugs showed no similar effect. From this it follows that postoperative chemotherapy does not definitely compromise the result of nerve restoration in connection with tumour resection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of cytostatic therapy with bleomycin and methotrexate on cellular immune reactivity].

Considerable importance for the elimination of malignant cells has been attributed to the cellular immune system. Cytostatic drugs however are known to be immunosuppressive. The transformation response of peripheral lymphocytes to bleomycin and methotrexate was determined before and after treatment in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. The transformation response was interpreted as an indication of the potential for the nonspecific cellular immune reaction. The cellular reaction was significantly suppressed during therapy; this suppression was then followed by an excessive reaction in some patients. The immunosuppressive effect of bleomycin was substantiated in in vitro studies of isolated lymphocytes from healthy doners. Low concentrations of methotrexate however produce excessive reactions while higher concentrations tend to have an immunosuppressive effect.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1977

Bleomycin-methotrexate-chemotherapy in combination with telecobalt-radiation for patients suffering from advanced oral carcinoma.

20 patients suffering from advanced oral carcinoma (T3NXMO) were treated simultaneously with the cytostatics Bleomycin and Methotrexate and Telecobalt-radiation. 14 of them (70%) showed complete remission. Four relapses were treated by surgery. These patients are still alive and tumour-free. One patient with a tumour is also still alive. Five died of their tumours or other causes. As a preliminary result, overall survival of about 80% after the first year seems to be much higher than with other therapeutic procedures.

Adult↗