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Biomedical subjects

K Blum

Publications and source records attributed to K Blum.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Alterations in brain electrolytes during acceleration in mice.

Calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium levels were determined in brain tissues of mice subjected to gravitational acceleration in the longitudinal direction. Although no significant changes occur in calcium and magnesium levels, potassium levels markedly increase while sodium levels decrease following exposure to 5 and 10 Gz for 5 min. The electrolyte changes are of long duration and remain for periods greater than 5 h.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1976

Suppression of ethanol withdrawal by dopamine.

An ethanol-inhalation technique was used to determine a potential relationship between dopamine and central nervous effects produced by alcohol. Both L-DOPA and intracranially injected dopamine resulted in attenuation of ethanol-induced withdrawal convulsion scores, whereas, haloperidol, a known dopaminergic blocker was found to significantly increase convulsion scores.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Morphine suppression of ethanol withdrawal in mice.

The acute administration of morphine, alcohol or dopamine results in a pronounced suppression of the convulsions produced by alcohol in mice. The suppressive action of morphine on alcohol withdrawal in the mouse apparently is not a product of morphine intoxication, but rather to some other specific interaction between alcohol and morphine in the central nervous system. The conclusion suggest that dopamine may play a significant role as a modulator in convulsions produced during alcohol withdrawal.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Enhancement of ethonol-induced withdrawal convulsions by blockade of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.

Male Swiss-Webster mice were made physically dependent on ethanol using the ethanol vapour inhalation technique. Animals pretreated with methysergide, a known 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor blocking agent, had significantly greater alcohol-induced withdrawal convulsions than saline pretreated controls. These findings suggest that the reduction of 5-HT at receptor sites may result in the augmentation of the withdrawal convulsions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Morphine withdrawal reactions in male and female mice.

In the present study we have used the morphine implantation method to investigate the intensity of the abstinence syndrome in both male and female Swiss Webster morphine-dependent mice. It is evident from our data that naloxone induced no significant difference in the jumping behavior of both morphine-dependent male and female mice when weight variables were controlled.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Enhancement of alcohol withdrawal convulsions in mice by haloperidol.

Based on the data presented here and the clinical observations cited it would appear that although haloperidol has been used with a certain degree of success for the treatment of acute alcohol abstinence the authors would like to caution the clinician against widespread use of heloperidol for treatment of alcohol withdrawal. In experimentally induced ethanol withdrawal, chlordiazepoxide appears to be a more effective and safer agent for ameliorating symptoms associated with excitation such as tremor, insomnia, anxiety, and hyperexcitability. A double blind comparative clinical investigation between chlordiazepoxide and haloperidol for treatment of alcohol withdrawal is warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in urine.

The sensitivity achieved by the described thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method greatly exceeds that of previously published TLC methods for the determination of cocaine and its principal metabolite, benzoylecgonine, in urine. Sensitivity for cocaine and benzoylecgonine approaches 0.1 and 0.25 mug/ml, respectively, for a 5.0-ml specimen. A simple extraction with a mixed organic solvent provides the basic mechanism for isolating the drugs from biologic specimens. Cocaine and its metabolites are stable in sulfuric acid solutions but labile in aqueous media containing certain other inorganic and organic acids; therefore, an emphasis on the utilization of sulfuric acid solutions is employed throughout the procedure. An evaluation of sensitivities achieved for cocaine and benzoylecgonine by various detection reagents is presented. The technique is applicable to drug screening programs.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1974

Effects of catecholamine synthesis inhibition on ethanol-induced withdrawal symptoms in mice.

alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine, a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, was studied to determine its effects against ethanol-induced withdrawal symptoms in mice. Signifilcant (P < 0.001) potentiation of the withdrawal convulsion score induced by ethanol vapour exposure for three days was observed in mice. The synergistic effect was not due to alteration of ethanol metabolism. These results indicate that reductions in catecholamines (dopamine and noradrenaline) augment seizure activity induced by subchronic exposure to ethanol.

Animals↗