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Biomedical subjects

K Booth

Publications and source records attributed to K Booth.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Comparison of transdermal nitrate and isosorbide dinitrate in chronic stable angina.

The effects of transdermal nitrate (TN) (Transiderm-Nitro TTS, Geigy Pharmaceuticals, one 10 cm2 patch daily) and oral isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) (Sorbitrate, Stuart Pharmaceuticals, 10 mg three times daily) were compared in a group of 20 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Treadmill exercise duration was prolonged from a median time of 365 s to 428 s after ISDN (P less than 0.05), but was unchanged after TN. The difference between the active treatments was not significant. Weekly consumption of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) increased during treatment with TN from a median value of 5.5 to 6.3 (P less than 0.05). A decrease was observed after ISDN (7.8 to 3.9, P = NS), and the difference between the drugs was significant (P less than 0.01). Systolic arterial pressure was significantly lower during the ISDN than during the TN treatment period in both the supine (135 +/- 5 vs 128 +/- 5 mm Hg; P less than 0.05) and standing positions (134 +/- 5 vs 122 +/- 5 mm Hg; P less than 0.05). No change in weekly attack rate, the degree of ST depression at angina on treadmill testing, or the number of episodes of ST depression recorded during a 24 h period by Holter monitoring was observed after either drug. In this study, an antianginal effect was demonstrated for ISDN but not for TN. It is suggested that the dose of TN may have been inadequate to demonstrate such an effect, and further studies using a higher dose schedule will be required.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Does prostacyclin enhance the selective pulmonary vasodilator effect of oxygen in children with congenital heart disease?

We have obtained dose-response curves for the effects of prostacyclin on the pulmonary and systemic circulations in 20 children (median age 3 years) with pulmonary hypertension complicating congenital heart disease. Results were obtained with the children breathing both air and 100% oxygen. Under both sets of conditions, remote respiratory mass spectrometry was used to measure oxygen consumption and hence cardiac output by the direct Fick principle. When the subjects breathed air, prostacyclin caused a dose-dependent fall in pulmonary vascular resistance (measured in mm Hg . liter-1 . min . m2) (11.12 to 8.07, standard error of difference [SED] = 0.5, p less than .01). The level of the pulmonary vascular resistance when the subjects breathed air during the infusion of 20 ng/kg/min prostacyclin was not significantly different from that found when they breathed 100% oxygen and did not receive the drug (8.67 vs 8.93, SED = 0.55, p = NS). When infused while the subjects breathed 100% oxygen, prostacyclin caused additional dose-dependent pulmonary vasodilation (pulmonary vascular resistance 8.93 to 7.23, SED = 0.3, p less than .01). Unlike 100% oxygen, prostacyclin was not selective, and caused tachycardia and systemic hypotension at the higher doses. These results suggest that in children with congenital heart disease 100% oxygen does not maximally vasodilate the pulmonary circulation, and further pulmonary vasodilatation can be obtained with a blood-borne agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cord blood survey for haemoglobin Barts.

Haemoglobin electrophoresis of 50 cord bloods from neonates from the Papuan Gulf area showed 36% to have an abnormal band with the characteristic mobility of haemoglobin Barts. "Inclusion" bodies of haemoglobin H were found in the red cells of some of the mothers of these infants. These findings indicate a high incidence of alpha thalassaemia syndrome in this population.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Haemoglobin A2 levels in vitamin B12 and folate deficiency.

Haemoglobin A2 levels were measured in 50 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, 50 patients with folate deficiency, and six patients with combined deficiencies of these vitamins. All were normal except for three patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, who had a slightly elevated Hb A2 level; this fell to normal after vitamin B12 therapy. It is concluded that haemoglobin A2 levels are usually normal in vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. However, raised levels of haemoglobin A2 may be found, but these are not as high as is found in beta thalassaemia trait and should not cause difficutly in diagnosis.

Folic Acid Deficiency↗
PubMed1978

Leukaemia in Papua New Guinea.

All cases of leukaemia diagnosed between 1968 and 1976 in the Melanesian population of Papua New Guinea have been analysed, and comparisons made with an earlier series from this country and with findings reported from elsewhere. The major findings were: a low overall incidence (0.79/100,000), absence of a childhood or old age peak in incidence, a relatively lower proportion of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood, more than the expected proportion of cases of chronic granulocytic leukaemia under 20 years of age, and the rarity of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Adolescent↗
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Diffusion of Innovation↗