PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K C Bentley

Publications and source records attributed to K C Bentley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The effect of hypotensive anesthesia on blood loss and operative time during Le Fort I osteotomies.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the quality of the surgical field, blood loss, and operative time with either hypotensive or normotensive anesthesia during Le Fort I osteotomies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients were randomized into normotensive or hypotensive anesthesia treatment groups. The quality of the surgical field was assessed intraoperatively by direct observation and again postoperatively using video imaging. A standardized rating scale was applied at specific intervals by surgeons blinded to the anesthetic technique. The surgical time was measured on the videotape, and blood loss was measured by volumetric and gravimetric techniques. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant correlation (P < .0001) between the surgeon's perception of the quality of the surgical field and the blood pressure. There was also a statistically significant reduction (P < .01) in blood loss when using hypotensive anesthesia. However, there was no statistically significant reduction (P = .44) in operative time when using hypotensive anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that hypotensive anesthesia is valuable in reducing blood loss and improving the quality of the surgical field during Le Fort I osteotomies, allowing for easier, more deliberate, and careful dissection. However, it does not reduce operative time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery: a 1-day versus 5-day regimen.

PURPOSE: The effect on infection rates of 1-day and 5-day administration of prophylactic antibiotics in orthognathic surgical procedures was compared. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial using placebo was conducted. Thirty patients were distributed equally between two groups. Each group received penicillin G, two million units intravenously, immediately preoperatively, and one million units intravenously every 3 hours intraoperatively and once postoperatively 3 hours after the last intraoperative dose. Group 1 then received penicillin G, one million units intravenously, every 6 hours for eight doses, followed by penicillin V suspension 300 mg orally every 6 hours for eight doses. Group 2 received placebo in a similar dosing schedule. The wounds were inspected on a regular schedule and evaluated for infection according to criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control. RESULTS: One of 15 patients in group 1 (6.7%) and 9 of 15 patients (60%) in group 2 became infected. The overall infection rate was 33.3%. There was a statistically significant difference in rates of infection between the two groups (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Antibiotic prophylaxis for orthognathic surgical procedures should continue beyond the immediate postoperative period. Five days of antibiotic administration appears to provide adequate coverage.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗
PubMed1997

Results of the National Dental Examining Board of Canada written examination and implications for certification.

In 1994, following a request from the ten Provincial Licensing Authorities, the National Dental Examining Board of Canada (NDEB) implemented significant changes to the certification process for dentists seeking a license to practice in Canada. Prior to 1994, graduates of accredited Canadian dental programs were certified without further examination while graduates of United States and other international programs (non-Canadian, non-U.S.) were required to complete successfully a written and three-phase clinical certification examination. Changes implemented in 1994 required graduates of accredited Canadian programs to take both a Written and Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) Examination. The analysis of the results of the Written Examination for all candidates over the 1994-1996 period supports the following conclusions. There was no meaningful difference in performance of graduates across the ten Canadian dental programs; there was a small difference between the performance of graduates of Canadian and U.S. programs; and Canadian and U.S. graduates performed significantly better than graduates of other international programs. This level of candidate performance and changes to the respective accreditation processes supported the formal agreement providing reciprocal recognition of dental accreditation in Canada and the United States. As of January 1, 1997, graduates of dental programs in Canada and the United States are required to take the same certification examination while international graduates are required to complete a different certification process. These changes to the certification process were ratified by all ten Provincial Licensing Authorities, therefore maintaining a system of national portability for dental licensure in Canada that does not require preclinical or clinical board examinations for graduates of accredited North American dental programs.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1995

Atypical migratory stomatitis and Munchausen syndrome presenting as periorbital ecchymosis and mandibular subluxation.

Stomatitis areata migrans, unlike its analogue on the tongue, migratory glossitis, is not easily recognized and is so uncommon and varied in appearance that it may escape definitive diagnosis. It may be so puzzling to the clinician that the patient's credibility may be questioned. A detailed report of a case is presented in which an atypical migratory stomatitis went undiagnosed. Bizarre patient behavior followed in the form of self-inflicted injury (Munchausen syndrome) as the patient attempted to convince the care providers of the true existence of lesions in order to maintain their interest and to obtain relief from discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Locomotory characteristics of fibroblasts within a three-dimensional collagen lattice: modulation by a helium/neon soft laser.

It has been postulated that low energy (soft) lasers can enhance wound healing. Considering the importance of cell locomotion in the wound healing process, we have studied the effects of a helium/neon laser upon the locomotory behaviour of a population of fibroblasts migrating within a three-dimensional hydrated collagen lattice. Statistical methods were used to quantify cell three-dimensional trajectories obtained using a computer-assisted tracking system. A two-minute exposure of embryonic fibroblasts to soft laser light decreased the speed and increased the frequency and duration of stops compared to controls. The locomotory phenotype induced in embryonic fibroblasts by the laser light resembled that of the developmentally older c20 fibroblasts, which are known to express a more mature locomotory phenotype. The relevance of these results to wound healing is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Accreditation of predoctoral dental education: clinical outcomes assessment.

The Curriculum Outcomes Review and Evaluation (CORE) system of outcomes assessment used in the accreditation of Canadian Dental Faculties by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the Canadian Dental Association is described. The CORE system, which has become an integral part of the regular accreditation site visit of Canadian dental predoctoral programs consists of (a) two methods of chart review, (b) assessment of the performance of a random sample of final year students in both diagnosis and treatment planning and in case presentation, (c) a structured observation in the clinical setting, (d) the application of a detailed and focused survey instrument prior to the site visit, and (e) the solicitation of feedback from involved students, faculty members, school administrators and accreditation site visitors. The overall response to the CORE program was favorable and plans to expand the program to dental hygiene accreditation are described.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1991

The effects of the helium-neon laser on postsurgical discomfort: a pilot study.

It has been postulated that low-energy lasers (soft lasers) have analgesic capabilities. European investigators who have worked with these lasers have tried to explain this phenomenon as an interference with the mediation of the pain message and/or the stimulation of endorphin production. There does not appear, however, to be much well-controlled research to support these claims. This study has examined the effect of the helium-neon laser on post-surgical discomfort. Fifteen patients who had surgical removal of bilaterally symmetrical mandibular third molars were evaluated. Laser therapy was applied to one side of each patient's mouth with the other side serving as the control. A similar technique of application, without activation of the laser beam, was utilized on the control side. This study has demonstrated that the helium-neon laser (632.8 nanometre (nm) at 10 milliwatt (mW), when applied to the surgical site for three minutes immediately following third molar surgery, reduced postoperative pain on the day of surgery and on the first postoperative day. This finding was statistically significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The additive analgesic efficacy of acetaminophen, 1000 mg, and codeine, 60 mg, in dental pain.

In a double-blind, randomized, single-dose trial the analgesic contribution of acetaminophen, 1000 mg, and codeine, 60 mg, was determined. The study was a 2 X 2 factorial experiment in which 120 patients suffering from pain as a result of oral surgery rated their pain intensity and pain relief for up to 5 hours after a single dose of one of: 1000 mg acetaminophen, 60 mg codeine, 1000 mg acetaminophen plus 60 mg codeine, or placebo. The factorial analysis showed that both 1000 mg acetaminophen and 60 mg codeine made a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) contribution to the analgesic effectiveness of the combination on all measures of efficacy (sum of pain intensity differences, largest pain intensity difference, total pain relief, largest pain relief, and time to remedication). The incidence of adverse effects did not appear to differ among the treatments, including placebo.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1984

A comparative study of the effectiveness of metronidazole and penicillin V in eliminating anaerobes from postextraction bacteremias.

Recent reports have indicated the serious nature of anaerobic endocarditis and septicemia. As anaerobes can be isolated from postextraction bacteremias, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of metronidazole and penicillin V in eliminating anaerobes from postextraction bacteremias. Twenty-five patients were randomly assigned to each of three groups--a placebo group, a metronidazole group, and a penicillin V group--for a total of seventy-five patients. Although penicillin V reduced the occurrence of anaerobes to a greater degree than did metronidazole, it was noted that gram-negative anaerobes were still detected in the blood of four patients in the penicillin V group. In the metronidazole group no gram-negative anaerobes were cultured. Because of the marked effectiveness of metronidazole against gram-negative anaerobes, the use of penicillin V and metronidazole in combination might be effective in the prevention of the sequelae of postextraction bacteremias. However, further studies, using a larger sample size, to investigate specifically gram-negative anaerobes are required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

An in vitro study of lymphocyte migration in the presence of premalignant and malignant oral lesions.

The application of a continuous-time Markov chain theory to characterize and quantitate lymphocyte migratory pasths in the presence of premalignant and malignant oral lesions, has been presented. Early and premalignant lesions induce either a positive (towards the lesion), random or negative migration (away from the lesion) response in host lymphocytes. The lack of consistency most likely reflects the varying stages in host-tumor cell interaction during the early and variable phases in the tumor's natural history. Invasive cancers invariably induce a negative migration response in host lymphocytes. A possible mechanism and the implication of such a response on the efficacy of host-tumor interaction are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Human lymphocyte migration in vitro: characterization and quantitation of locomotory parameters.

Using a time-lapse cinephotomicrographic technique, the locomotory paths taken by lymphocytes have been shown to satisfy the requirements for a continuous-time Markov chain analysis consisting of four directional states defined by the four quadrants of a Cartesian plane and state 0 in which the cells are stationary. The important parameters characterizing this path motion are the average time (waiting time) that a cell spends in each state and the state transition probabilites which, using the Markov model, allow the computation of the probability of the cells moving in a given direction. Our results show that lymphocytes moving alone on glass exhibit a random migration pattern.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1971

Oral surgery.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Surgery, Oral↗